第30讲
要点作文
(2012·辽宁卷)假定你是某中学的学生李华。请用英语给出版社的编辑写一封信,表达你对现在使用的英语教材的看法,内容主要包括:
优点: 1. 话题广泛; 2. 图片丰富; 3. 有助于提高学习兴趣。 建议:适当降低词汇难度。 注意:
1. 词数120左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3. 开头语已为你写好,不计入总词数。 思路点拨:本文为一篇半开放性作文,书信体裁,在写作时要注意: 1. 不要遗漏要点: (1) 话题广泛;(2)图片丰富;(3)有助于提高学习兴趣;(4)建议: 适当降低词汇难度。2. 要恰当合理的使用连接成分,高级词汇和复杂句式,使文章更具文采。3.在答题过程中还要注意卷面的整洁和书写的美观。 However, some of the texts have too many new words and expressions which are hard for us. Therefore, I'd like to suggest changing them into easier ones. Best regards,
Li Hua 【作文点评】
本文行文紧凑,过渡自然;要点完整,表达清楚;语法正确,时态准确;用词无误,很好地完成了写作任务。文中使用了衔接用语,如: such as, I think, What's more, However, Therefore等,还用了复杂句式,如: 表语从句that we can find a variety of topics;定语从句which can help us understand English better和who used to dislike English have turned out to be interested in the subject等。书信格式规范。
要点作文分为提供全部写作要点和提供部分写作要点。提供全部写作要点的作文要求考生根据给定的内容,在增加适当的过渡词汇的基础上,写出一篇内容完整的短文。而另一种情况是命题者给出了部分写作内容,同时又要求考生根据提示作一定程度的合理发挥,具有一定的开放性,也就是通常所说的半开放性作文。
要点作文是高考常考题型,也是最为基本的考查考生写作能力的题型,学生写好要点作文是写好其他类型作文的基础。这类试题通常考查的是根据提示语写短文、书信、演讲、报道、介绍和说明人物或情况等,以检查考生是否掌握所学文体的基本格式。 具体写作时,同学们还应注意以下几个方面:
1.认真审题,防止走题。动笔前,考生应仔细阅读命题要求,确定写作体裁,写作格式在湖南省2011年高考阅卷中定为1分;确定写作要点:一是背景材料的部分内容是否需要在写作中予以体现,二是命题者给定了写作方向,需要考生自己发挥,这个发挥范围有多大,考生都要做到心中有数,做到不过于发挥也不遗漏要点;确定人称和时态,一般情况下,说明文、议论文多用一般现在时态,记叙文常用一般过去时态。
2.根据提示,理顺写作要点。理顺要点是防止多写、漏写、乱写的保证。高考中,遗漏一个要点起码是扣3分的。有时要点作文所提供的要点顺序并非就是写作时的顺序,因此,写作前将要点标出,并按照一定的逻辑关系,如时间顺序、空间顺序、事件发生的先后顺序等,把这些要点排列并整理好。
3.紧扣要点,组句成文。在理顺要点后,把这些要点清楚地表达出来是非常关键的一步。要点作文不是简单地把汉语提示转换成英文,不能简单地直译。考生要用平时自己最有把握的单词、短语和句型,围绕主题,将意思完整清楚地表达出来。在遇到自己想不起来或找不着相应的英语词汇或句型时,学会用相近的句子来表达。同时,还要注意使用一些表示并列、递进、让步、转折、因果等意义的关联词语,以增强文章的连贯性和流畅性。对于基础比较好的考生,提倡有意识地用“高级词汇”来代替“低级词汇”,用较“复杂结构”来取代较“简单结构”,使文章呈现亮点,增加得高分的机会。 例:(2012·浙江卷)你校正在进行“英语读书周”活动。该活动要求学生摘录名言佳句(quote)并相互交流。以下是某同学摘录的句子: “Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.”请按下列要求用英语写一篇100-120词的短文: 1. 针对摘录句中的观点谈谈你的看法; 2. 举例说明理由。 注意:短文的开头已给出(不计词数)。 思路点拨:试题材料新颖,贴近考生实际生活,属于要点话题作文。 对既定的话题进行讨论,考生有一定的自由发挥空间,畅所欲言,各抒己见。论点明确,论据充分是得分的关键。如能灵活运用学过而且熟练的亮点词汇、短语和句型,尽量变换句式,长短句交错使用,并且恰当地穿插一些过渡性词语,使文章自然、流畅,有较强的逻辑性,文章一定会脱颖而出。 【参考答案】 In_the_English_Reading_Week,_one_of_my_classmates_recommended_a_quote_to_us,_which_goes_like_this:_“Your_future_depends_on_many_things,_but_mostly_on_you._” I can't agree more with this view. It's true that our future is determined by many things, such as opportunities and help from others, but our own attitude, determination, and hard work play a more important role. In other words, we are the master of our own future. 【参考答案】
Take Abraham Lincoln for example. He was born in a poor family, and only received a limited education in his childhood. Yet through his painstaking efforts, he changed not only his own fate but also the history of America. Even to this day, Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures in the world. Therefore, I firmly believe that our future is in our own hands.
一、问题解决型
In recent days, we have to face a problem A,which is becoming more and more serious. First说明A的现状. Second, 举例进一步说明现状.
We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, 解决方法一. For another thing, 解决方法二. Finally, 解决方法三.
Personally, I believe that我的解决方法. I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because带来的好处.
二、积极有利型
Nowadays, 主题plays an important role in our life. For example,举例说明主题的现状.
Generally, its advantages can be listed as follows. First,好处一. Besides, 好处二.
Through the above analysis, my attitude toward this matter is positive, and the reasons are simple. It not only brings us 好处之一, but also gives us 好处之二 we have not expected.
Therefore, I can see its bright future from now on. 【基础练习】
假定你叫李平。你的美国笔友David是个中国武术迷,他给你写了一封Email,要求你用英语简单介绍一下中国武术。请你根据下面提供的要点,给他回封Email。 1.中国武术产生于4,500年前,有着悠久的历史。 2.是中国文化的重要组成部分。 3.流派很多,以少林武术最为出名。 4.中国武术可用来强身、健体、自卫。深受青少年的喜爱。 【基础练习】
5.最具影响力的武术明星有李小龙、李连杰、成龙等。 6. 目前全球有100多个国家的人们在习武。武术目前还不是奥运会比赛项目,但人们一直在努力使中国武术早日进入奥运会。 【基础练习】
注意: 1.词数:不少于120; 2.参考词汇:项目—n. event 流派—n. style
3.文章的开头和结尾已经给出。 Dear David,
Very glad to read your Email. You say you are a Wushu fan, and so am I. Now I will tell you something about the Chinese Wushu (the Chinese martial art).
_____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 【基础练习】
I hope you can come to China to learn the Chinese martial art.
Yours, Li Ping
根据要点作文的写作技巧,我们按题目提供的要点顺序分步进行翻译写作:
要点一:武术的历史 1. 中国武术产生于4500年前,有着悠久的历史。 Wushu has a long history. It was developed 4500 years ago.
要点二:武术的地位 2. 它是中国文化的重要组成部分。 Wushu has a great effect on the Chinese culture. Now Wushu is an important part of the Chinese culture.
要点三:武术的流派 3. 流派很多,以少林武术最为出名。 There are a variety of Wushu styles, of which Shaolin Wushu is the most famous.
要点四:武术的作用 4. 中国武术可用来强身、健体、自卫,深受青少年的喜爱。 Wushu, which is intended to build up one's health and defend oneself, appeals to young people.
要点五:武术明星 5.最具影响力的武术明星有李小龙、李连杰、成龙等。 Film stars like Bruce Lee, Jet Li and Jackie Chan have made great contributions to the spread of Wushu around the world.
要点六:武术运动的现状 6. 目前全球有100多个国家的人们在习武。 Wushu is practised in over 100 countries in the world. 7. 武术目前还不是奥运会比赛项目。但人们一直在努力使中国武术早日进入奥运会。 It is a pity that Wushu is not the event of the Olympic Games. But people have been making every effort to enter Wushu into the Olympics as soon as possible.
感谢您的关注 Thank you for your attention ! 【参考答案】
Dear_Editor,_
As_a_student_reader,_I_am_writing_to_talk_about_the_English_textbooks_published_by_your_house. These books have many advantages. One of them is that we can find a variety of topics, such as science, culture and history. These topics, I think, are very popular with us students. What's more, along with the texts there are many beautiful and colorful pictures, which can help us understand English better. Even the students who used to dislike English have turned out to be interested in the subject.