2016年高考第二轮复习英语（湖北版）专题升级训练卷十三阅读理解(一)(附答案)

　　2016年高考第二轮复习英语湖北版

　　专题升级训练十三　阅读理解(一)

　　A

　　More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children, a new survey showed last Tuesday.

　　The survey, published by the Bank of America, studied the rich with

　　$ 3 million or more in assets. It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have well­developed plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”．

　　The majority of the 457 people surveyed are self­made, first­generation rich.Fifty­two percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are, and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth.One in three parents said they had never thought to do it.

　　They are worried that their children would become lazy, spend money freely, make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.

　　Only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be able to handle any inheritance (遗产) they plan to leave them.

　　“There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation，” said Sallie Krawcheck, president of the Global Wealth and Investment Management of the Bank of America.“Our research, however, uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”

　　The trend is led by the world's richest man Bill Gates, who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (基金会), and not to his children.

　　“We want to give it back to society in the way that it will

　　have the most positive impact，” he said.

　　Of his plans for his children, Gates said: “I will give the

　　kids some money but not a meaningful percentage... they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.”

　　1．We can learn from the passage that ______.

　　A．rich parents may not know how to manage their inheritance

　　B．rich parents don't equal rich kids, at least in the US

　　C．American children don't get to inherit their parents' wealth

　　D．poor children don't expect themselves to be as rich as their parents

　　2．According to the survey，most rich Americans ______

　　A．think they owe their children nothing

　　B．think it best to give their money back to society

　　C．doubt their children's ability to handle wealth

　　D．are confident of their children's ability to handle wealth

　　3．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refers to ______.

　　A．responsible children

　　B．Bill Gates and his wife

　　C．first­generation rich

　　D．rich parents

　　4．From the last Paragraph，we can see that Bill Gates wants to show ______.

　　A．the trend of leaving no inheritance to children

　　B．the positive impact of charity on society

　　C．the way of giving back to society

　　D．the importance of independence for children

　　B

　　In the past year, the number of parenting contracts—statements signed by parents agreeing to bring their child to school—has gone up by 41% to 6,861. The number of court­issued punishment notices went up by 12% to 7,793 last year.

　　The Department for Children, Schools and Families said that part of the rise was due to a ban on parents taking their child out of school during term time to go on holiday. The Labour government has a target to cut truancy (逃学) by a third, but the current rate of unauthorised absence in England is a third higher than in 2001.

　　The government has introduced tough new permission to force parents to deal with their child's truancy.Parents can be fined, asked to sign contracts, or ordered to make their child go to school. Finally they can be sent to prison. The first parent to be put in prison was Patricia Amos, from Banbury, Oxfordshire, in 2006. Separate figures from the Ministry of Justice today show that 133 parents were put in prison between 2004 and 2011 for failing to prevent their child's truancy.

　　Children's Minister Delyth Morgan said: “It's important that we back schools and local authorities in using these powers to deal with problem pupils and bad behaviour.They rightly make parents take responsibility for their children.These latest figures show that schools and local authorities continue to make good use of these measures.”

　　David Laws, the Liberal Democrat education spokesman，said: “While parents need to take responsibility for their children's behaviour and have the duty to ensure they attend school, truancy rates across the country remain sky high.What is needed is a more effective local approach involving parents，schools and the police. Extra money to cut class sizes and provide more one­to­one support will enable teachers to work with individual children and make sure that they are occupied in the classroom.”

　　5．Parenting contracts are signed to ______.

　　A．remind parents to help their child with his homework

　　B．make parents accompany their child to school

　　C．keep children safe on the way to school

　　D．ensure children attend school

　　6．The worst punishment parents can be faced with is ______.

　　A．to be fined

　　B．to be put into prison

　　C．to sign a contract

　　D．to lose the right to raise children

　　7．The underlined word “back” in Paragraph 4 probably

　　means “______”．

　　A．adjustB．limit

　　C．oppose

　　D．support

　　8．We know from the passage that ______.

　　A．the government's approach has had little effect on children's truancy

　　B．the government should take tougher measures against parents

　　C．the number of parents sent to prison has reduced

　　D．schools and local authorities misuse the measures

　　C

　　When Allison Winn was eight and her family adopted a dog named Coco, they had no idea how much the little creature would change her life. “Coco helped me feel

　　better, ”says

　　Allison,

　　who

　　was recovering from 14 months of treatment for a brain cancer at the time.“She would cuddle up (偎依) to me when I didn't want to play.” Allison loved Coco so much that she told her parents she wanted to help other sick kids find the same kind of comfort.

　　She started with small business, raising money by selling lemonade and home­made dog biscuits in front of her house.Her first customer was a mailman.By the end of that summer, she had raised nearly $ 1,000, enough to adopt and train two dogs and give them to children with cancer.Now, a little more than two years later, some groups gather to make dog treats for Allison's cause.

　　Her organization, the Stink Bug Project, named after a picture she drew in memory of the end of her treatment, is run and managed in partnership with the Morgan Adams Foundation.Stink Bug helps families adopt pets from the Trained K­9 Companion Program,

　　where

　　the

　　rescued

　　dogs

　　are

　　taught commands.Allison's mother, Dianna Litvak, who helps run Stink Bug, hopes to extend the pet­adoption program statewide and continue donating some of the money to help fund children's cancer research.

　　“Allison has figured out how to help—in a way that no one else has，” Litvak says.“We involve her younger sister, Emily, her friends, the adopting families, and some others.It took the love of a little girl to wrap all that together into one amazing package.”

　　Go to stinkbugproject.org to donate or to buy Allison's dog biscuits.

　　9．At the beginning, Allison's family ______.

　　A．wanted other sick children to get the same comfort

　　B．didn't know the sufferings of fighting a cancer

　　C．thought a dog's company would harm her health

　　D．didn't expect a dog could change her so much

　　10．The name of Allison's organization, the Stink Bug Project，is from ______.

　　A．one of her drawings

　　B．her dog

　　C．her home­made biscuits

　　D．her friend

　　11．According to Paragraph 4, Allison's mother feels ______.

　　A．calm

　　B．worried

　　C．embarrassed

　　D．proud

　　12．What's the passage mainly about?

　　A．Helping to make dog treats.

　　B．Adopting a dog for your child.

　　C．Giving dogs and love to kids with cancer.

　　D．Raising money to train pets.

　　D

　　A yoga master made a shocking statement that Abraham Lincoln had been a Himalayan yogi in a past life.Lincoln delivered a proclamation setting up Thanksgiving as an American holiday in 1863.Research throws light on a possible Hindu (印度的) origin for the American celebration of Thanksgiving.

　　“The holiday of Thanksgiving has a Hindu origin，” says Richard Salva, author of a book on the reincarnation (转世)of Abraham Lincoln entitled Soul Journey: From Lincoln to Lindbergh which is based on a statement by the great master of yoga, Paramhamsa Yogananda，who declared that Abraham Lincoln had been a Himalayan yogi in a past life, and that he was reborn as the famous pilot, Charles Lindbergh.

　　“During my search for signs of a past­life yoga practice，” Salva said, “I noticed that President Lincoln repeatedly chose Thursdays] as national days of prayer, fasting (禁食), and thanksgiving.This was interesting, because Thursday is considered a holy day— a day for prayer, fasting, and spiritual reflection—among Hindus, who call it ‘guru day]’．”

　　“Lincoln also set aside time on Thursdays to grieve for his son, Willie, who died in Washington.Clearly, Thursdays had a spiritual significance in Lincoln's mind.”

　　In his book, Richard Salva presents more than 500 connections between Lincoln, Lindbergh, and the ancient spiritual science of yoga.The connections run through every aspect of the human condition and provide convincing evidence that Lincoln had had a Hindu past life.

　　More than one out of every five Americans today believes in reincarnation—yet few are aware of how past­life patterns affect them.Soul Journey tries to fill this gap, by offering a substitute experience of reincarnation.Through clear and persuasive similarities between the lives of Lincoln and Lindbergh, the book discovers how the hidden laws of fate and reincarnation impact the events of his or her daily life.It addresses other issues, such as the secret spiritual history of America's greatest president, including his past life as a Himalayan yogi; the hidden clues that reveal past lives; the greatness he achieved; and the spiritual principles behind the yoga postures that millions now practice.

　　13．Based on Richard Salva's view，______.

　　A．Hindus started the holiday of Thanksgiving

　　B．the Americans copied Thanksgiving from Hindus

　　C．Thanksgiving had Hindus roots

　　D．Charles Lindbergh had been a Himalayan yogi

　　14．We can draw a conclusion from the passage that ______.

　　A．in India Thursday is a religious day

　　B．in India all the prayers are done on Thursday

　　C．Abraham Lincoln was once a famous pilot

　　D．Paramhamsa Yogananda once taught Lincoln yoga

　　15．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.

　　A．the book discovers the laws of fate and reincarnation

　　B．yoga is closely connected with religion

　　C．the book gives a scientific description of Lincoln's spiritual life

　　D．Lincoln and Lindbergh must have influenced each other a lot

　　16．When it came to the comparison between Lincoln and Lindbergh, the author held a ______ attitude.

　　A．neutral

　　B．doubtful

　　C．negative

　　D．positive

　　E

　　In offering Michael Jackson ticket holders the choice to take a refund or receive their unusable tickets as souvenirs,

　　AEG have introduced music fans to one of the most unmanageable problems in the mathematical sciences. If nearly everybody takes the refund then the tickets, designed by the King of Pop himself, will become collectors' items and worth a fortune. However, if all 750,000 fans take their tickets then they will all hold worthless bits of fancy paper.

　　The choice facing fans is similar to the El Farol bar problem, which has been the subject of hundreds of academic papers and inspired a whole field: minority game theory. That is, if you reason that every Michael Jackson fan will take a refund then you should take the ticket, but they will reason in the same way and there will be a flood of souvenirs, so you should ask for your money back, but then...

　　So, with the benefit of the hundreds of academic papers from scientists around the world, what should a Times reader who holds a ticket do? The research tells us that, if you assume everybody else will use the same strategy as you, then the best you can do is to throw a dice (骰子): deciding whether or not to keep the ticket according to a probability determined by demand for tickets and price. However, working out the probability is tough and most fans, without the benefit of minority game theory, won't be tossing a dice.

　　There is one huge factor in the Michael Jackson problem which isn't in the standard El Fatol bar problem. Hype (炒作). If the owners of the El Farol bar distributed fliers (传单) announcing it was going to be quiet next week, then it would be a safe bet to stay at home with a glass of wine. So my advice would be to read the newspapers and decide what to do on the basis of the experts' advice. If all the articles you read say the tickets will be collectors' items then ask for a refund, and if they all accuse AEG of cheating crazy fans then take the ticket. It was, after all, designed by Michael Jackson.

　　17．In the Para. 1, the underlined part “the King of Pop” refers to ______.

　　A．El Farol

　　B．Michael Jackson

　　C．A ticket holderD．A souvenir keeper

　　18．The burning problem Michael Jackson ticket holders have to deal with is ______.

　　A．what advice to takeB．how to get their money back

　　C．how to deal with the ticketsD．how to make a fortune

　　19．It isn't said but implied that “minority game theory” is a theory about ______.

　　A．people's reasoningB．Jackson's strategy

　　C．experts' adviceD．minority's bet

　　20．What the writer advises the ticket holders to do is ______.

　　A．to throw a diceB．to follow the experts

　　C．to read the newspaperD．to take the ticket

　　专题升级训练十三　阅读理解(一)

　　A

　　【解题导语】 调查表明，大部分美国富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算将丰厚的资产传给后代。

　　1．B　推理判断题。第二段的后半部分提到在被调查的美国富人中，几乎没有人计划为他们的孩子保留资产或者将资产传给孩子，由此可推断在美国，父母富有并不意味着孩子富有。

　　2．C　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，大部分美国富人怀疑他们的孩子处理财富的能力。

　　3．D　词义猜测题。人们期望富裕的父母把他们的财富传给下一代，此处they指代的是画线词前面的“the wealthy parents”，即“rich parents”。

　　4．D　推理判断题。根据本段中比尔·盖茨所说的话可推知，他更强调孩子的个人奋斗，认为培养孩子的自立很重要。

　　B

　　【解题导语】为了阻止孩子逃学，英国政府采取了一些强硬措施，让父母为孩子的逃学承担责任。但英国孩子的逃学率依然居高不下，因此还需要采取更有效的措施。

　　5．D　细节理解题。根据文章第一句中的“...parenting contracts—statements signed by parents agreeing to bring their child to school...”可知，签订家长合同是为了确保孩子们上学。

　　6．B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Parents can be fined，asked...they can be sent to prison.”可知，父母面临的最严厉的惩罚是被监禁。

　　7．D　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“They rightly make parents take responsibility for their children.”可知，德利斯·摩根对此项措施持支持态度，back在此处意为”支持”，与“support”同义。

　　8．A　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句以及文章最后一段的内容可知，尽管政府采取了一些措施，但全国的逃学率依然很高，因此选A项。

　　C

　　【解题导语】对患有脑癌的艾莉森来说，狗的陪伴给了她极大的安慰。通过努力，艾莉森创立了一个组织，帮助一些家庭收养宠物，以使其他患病的孩子得到同样的安慰。

　　9．D　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“...they had no idea how much the little creature would change her life.”可知，一开始，艾莉森的家人并没有期待狗会使艾莉森改变多少，故选D项。

　　10．A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“Her organization，the Stink Bug Project，named after a picture she drew...”可知，应选A项。

　　11．D　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知艾莉森的母亲为女儿的爱心而感到自豪。

　　12．C　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了艾莉森的故事，在文章结尾号召人们捐赠或购买艾莉森的自制狗饼干，即把狗和爱心献给患有癌症的孩子们，因此C项最能概括文章大意。

　　D

　　【解题导语】你相信转世说吗？本文就对此进行了一下探讨。

　　13．C　细节理解题。根据第二段中理查德·萨尔瓦所说的话“The holiday of Thanksgiving has a Hindu origin...”可以得出答案。

　　14．A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This was interesting，because Thursday is considered a holy day—a day for prayer，fasting，and spiritual reflection—among Hindus，who call it‘guru day’．”可推出答案。

　　15．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...and the spiritual principles behind the yoga postures that millions now practice.”可推知，瑜伽充满了宗教色彩。

　　16．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Through clear and persuasive... the events of his or her daily life.”可推出作者的态度是积极的。

　　E

　　【解题导语】迈克尔·杰克逊的突然辞世给世界各地的歌迷们留下无尽的悲伤，而他未来得及举办的演唱会已售出的门票也成了歌迷们要面对的一个“难题”。

　　17．B　细节理解题。根据画线部分所在句子以及最后一段最后一句可知答案。

　　18．C　推理判断题。通读全文可知，迈克尔·杰克逊演唱会门票的持有人面临的问题是：如何处理门票，即退票或将票留作纪念。

　　19．A　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可以推断，minority game theory是关于人们的推理的理论。

　　20．C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“So my advice would be to read the newspapers and decide what to do on the basis of the experts' advice.”可知C项正确。