2016年高考第二轮复习英语(安徽版)专题三形容词和副词-查字典英语网
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2016年高考第二轮复习英语(安徽版)专题三形容词和副词

发布时间:2017-01-09  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  2016年高考第二轮复习英语安徽版

  三、形容词和副词

  真题试做

  1.(2012·课标全国高考)The result is not very important to us,but if we do win,then so much ______.

  A.the best

  B.best

  C.better

  D.the better

  2.(2012·安徽高考)Interest is as______to learning as the ability to understand,even more so.

  A.vital

  B.available

  C.specific

  D.similar

  3.(2012·天津高考)The secretary arranged a(n)______ time and place for the applicants to have an interview.

  A.important

  B.spare

  C.public

  D.convenient

  4.(2012·湖北高考)“Perhaps we need to send for Dr.Smith to see what we can do about it,” Father suggested______ to his neighbor who had come to discuss the problem.

  A.tentatively

  B.thoughtlessly

  C.definitely

  D.rudely

  5.(2012·安徽高考)Queen Elizabeth

  is often thought to be the richest woman in the world.______,her personal wealth seems rather small.

  A.Besides

  B.Otherwise

  C.However

  D.Altogether

  考向分析

  1.考查在具体的语境中形容词和副词的词义辨析,要求考生结合句意和上下文语境作出最佳选择。

  2.考查形容词、副词的比较等级。尤其注意含蓄比较和比较句型中采用的省略形式,分清比较的范围。

  3.考查比较级的修饰语。包括比较句型中倍数和名词作状语时的位置,以及哪些副词或短语能够修饰比较级,哪些不能。

  4.考查形容词和副词的基本用法。包括形容词作定语、表语、补语和副词在句中作状语,以及习惯搭配问题。

  5.多个形容词作定语描述人或事物时,词序的安排是一个难题,在高考单项填空题中时有出现。

  热点例析

  考点一:形容词和副词的基本用法

  1.形容词在句中的作用。

  (1)形容词在句中可作定语、表语和补语。

  (2)形容词在句中也可作状语,用来表示主语所处的状态。

  He was lying in bed,dead.

  (3)alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/ill/well(身体好)等常用作表语而不用作定语。如:

  He is an ill man.(错)

  The man is ill.(对)

  She is an afraid girl.(错)

  The girl is afraid.(对)

  (4)two­year­old/200­metre­long/one­eyed等复合形容词中的名词要用单数,一般只用作前置定语。如:

  Tom is a two­year­old boy.

  2.副词在句中的作用。

  副词在句中一般用作状语,修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,也可修饰整个句子。如:

  Obviously you are wrong.

  【典例分析】(2012·四川高考)I make $2,000 a week.60 surely won't make______difference to me.

  A.that a big

  B.a that big

  C.big a that

  D.that big a

  答案为D项。that在此句中是副词,相当于so的用法,修饰形容词big。例如:“如此可爱的一个女孩”可表达为that lovely a girl,故选D项。句意:我每周赚2000美元,60美元对我而言根本没有关系。

  考点二:形容词和副词的词义辨析

  词义辨析是高考对形容词、副词考查的一大热点。解答此类题的关键是要分析具体的语境,结合基本词义、搭配等来选择正确的答案。

  从近几年全国及各省市高考试题来看,考查频率最高的形容词和副词有even,interested,interesting,yet,hardly,just,therefore,though,too,very,common,effective,either,ever,fair,however,less,more,nearly,only,purposefully,rather,still,such,surprised,surprising等。

  【典例分析】(2012·浙江高考)The research lacks ______ evidence,and therefore,its conclusions are doubtful.

  A.solid

  B.fierce

  C.severe

  D.potential

  答案为A项。句意:这项研究缺乏可靠的证据,因此,其结论是令人怀疑的。solid意为“可靠的,可信赖的”;fierce意为“强烈的,极度的”;severe意为“非常的,严重的”;potential意为“潜在的,可能的”。

  考点三:形容词和副词的比较等级

  1.对两者进行同等程度的比较用“as+原级+as”句型。当as...as中间有名词时采用“as+形容词+a+单数名词+as”和“as+many/much+名词+as”的形式。如:

  This is as good an example as the other is.

  2.对两者进行不同程度的比较用“not as/so+原级+as”句型。如:

  He cannot run so/as fast as you.

  3.表示前者的程度超过后者时用“比较级+than”句型。如:

  Tom works harder than Peter.

  He is more diligent than his brother.

  4.表示前者的程度不如后者时用“less+原级+than”句型。如:

  This book is less interesting than that one.

  5.“比较级+and+比较级”可用来表示“越来越……”。如:

  It is becoming colder and colder.

  6.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”。如:

  The busier he is,the happier he feels.

  7.要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。如:

  The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.

  The population of Shanghai is larger than Beijing.(错)

  8.要避免重复使用比较级。如:

  He is more clever/cleverer than his brother.(对)

  He is more cleverer than his brother.(错)

  He is less taller than I.(错)

  9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

  China is larger than any other country in Asia./any country in Africa.(对)

  China is larger than any country in Asia.(错)

  【典例分析】(2011·上海春招)You'd be exposed to a lot ______ pollution if you moved to a town with pure water and air.

  A.more

  B.most

  C.less

  D.least

  答案为C项。句意:如果你搬到空气清新、水质纯净的小镇去,你受到的污染将会少得多。空格前的a lot修饰比较级more或less,根据后面的语意,应选C项。

  考点四:比较级和最高级前的状语。

  1.比较级前常用表示程度的副词短语作状语,常见的有much/a lot/a great deal/a bit/a little/still/even/far/rather等,但是very/quite/fairly一般不用来修饰比较级。如:

  Yao Ming is much/a lot/a great deal taller than I.

  2.比较级前还常用名词、数词和倍数作状语。如:

  We have a third as many students as we had last term.

  The river is three times as long as that one.

  3.最高级常用by far/much或序数词作状语。如:

  The population of China is by far the largest in the world.

  Africa is the second largest continent.

  【典例分析】(2011·江西高考)—The film is,I have to say,not a bit interesting.

  —Why?It's ______ than the films I have ever seen.

  A.far more interesting

  B.much less interesting

  C.no more interesting

  D.any less interesting

  答案为A项。句意:——我得说,这部电影一点都没意思。——为什么?这可比我看过的电影有趣得多了。程度副词可在比较级前作状语。根据Why?进行的反问判断,应选表示相反观点的A项。

  考点五:形容词作定语时的位置

  1.通常置于所修饰的词之前,但不定代词的定语通常在后面。如:

  Someone strange is asking to see you.

  Something unexpected happened and we had to make some changes to our plan.

  2.else常放在不定代词和疑问代词后面作定语。如:

  No one else can answer the question.

  3.多个形容词作定语时的词序为:大小、长短、高低形状/年龄、新旧颜色/来源、国籍、地区、出处/材料/用途。如:

  an expensive Japanese sports car,those three beautiful large square old brown wood table

  【典例分析】One day they crossed the ______ bridge behind the palace.

  A.old Chinese stone

  B.Chinese old stone

  C.old stone Chinese

  D.Chinese stone old

  答案为A项。多个形容词作定语修饰一个名词时,排列的顺序为:大小、年龄、形状、颜色、来源、国籍、质地、用途。

  考点六:比较级的否定

  1.not用来否定比较级时,只陈述客观事实。如:

  Yi Jianlian is not taller than Yao Ming.

  2.no用来否定比较级时,往往带有感情色彩,对比较的两者都否定。如:

  The patient is no better than he was yesterday.

  病人没有比昨天好转。

  Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy body.日光和新鲜空气对身体健康是同样必不可少的。

  3.“否定词+不定冠词+形容词的比较级+名词”或“否定词+比较级”表示“从未……,未曾……”,常常表达最高级的意义。如:

  This film is very moving.I have never seen a better one.

  这部电影很感人,我从没有看过一部比它更好的。

  【典例分析】(2011·四川高考)—How was your recent trip to Sichuan?

  —I've never had ______ one before.

  A.a pleasant

  B.a more pleasant

  C.a most pleasant

  D.the most pleasant

  答案为B项。句意:——最近你到四川的旅行怎么样?——从来没有这么愉快过。否定词never与a more pleasant连用,表示“非常愉快”,相当于最高级含义。the most pleasant是特指,需要有比较的范围,但是这个范围并不存在,因此D项错误。

  误区警示

  1.形容词或副词的辨析易混点

  (2012·福建高考)—Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind?

  —Sorry.I returned it to the library just now.Maybe it is still ______.

  A.available

  B.affordable

  C.acceptable

  D.valuable

  【错混透析】A available意为“可得到的,可找到的”;affordable意为“负担得起的,支付得起的”;acceptable意为“可以接受的”;valuable意为“有价值的”。句意:——你能借给我《飘》那本书吗?——对不起。我刚才把它还给图书馆了。也许还能借到它。该题错选的原因要么是词汇量不够,要么是对句意理解不清。

  (2012·辽宁高考)We used to see each other

  ______,but I haven't heard from him since last year.

  A.especially

  B.regularly

  C.particularly

  D.approximately

  【错混透析】B 句意:我们以前经常见面,但自从去年就没有收到他的来信了。especially意为“尤其,特别”;regularly意为“规则地,定期地”;particularly意为“特别地”;approximately意为“大约地”。根据句意可知B项正确。

  【解题指导】做这类题目时,有一定的词汇储备是基本条件。在掌握了各选项的词义的基础上,结合具体的语境,再通过对句意的理解,做出最恰当的选择。

  2.比较级、最高级的范围易错点

  (2011·全国高考)Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a ______ boss.

  A.better

  B.good

  C.best

  D.still better

  【错混透析】A 该题易误选C项或D项。句意:为史蒂文森先生工作真好,我实在找不到比他更好的老板了。该句实际是把其他老板与史蒂文森先生进行两者间的比较,否定词couldn't与better连用,表达最高级含义。

  【解题指导】考查比较级和最高级的题目,分清比较的范围是关键:

  (1)两个事物进行比较应用比较级,三个或三个以上事物进行比较应用最高级。做题时既要通过分析数量关系确定使用比较级还是最高级,又要注意通过句意和语境进行判断,因为很多题目并没有直接说明是几者进行比较,而是把数量隐含在句意中。

  (2)若题目为省略句,应根据语境和语意寻找被比较的对象,然后确定比较的范围。

  3.比较句型的易错点

  (2011·陕西高考)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ______ the present one.

  A.as three times big as

  B.three times as big as

  C.as big as three times

  D.as big three times as

  【错混透析】B 句意:为下一届亚运会而正在修建的新体育馆将会是目前体育馆的三倍大。as...as表示同等比较,当表示倍数的词作程度状语时,应放在第一个as的前面。

  【解题指导】有关比较句型的题目应注意以下几点:

  (1)掌握比较级的几个热点句型:

  同级比较句型:“as+原级+as”

  不同级比较句型:“not as/so+原级+as”

  表示一者的程度超过另一者的句型:“比较级+than”

  表示一者的程度不如另一者的句型:“less+原级+than”

  表示“越来越……”的句型:“比较级+and+比较级”

  表示“越……,就越……”的句型:“the+比较级,the+比较级”

  (2)做题时,要分析语境含义和句子结构,明确题目符合哪一种句型,要确保句型使用正确,如as...as中间是否是形容词或副词的原级、less后面是否错用了比较级等。

  (3)比较级前常有副词或短语作程度状语,但very/quite/fairly不用来修饰比较级。

  (4)比较句型中还常用名词、数词和倍数作状语,一定要把这些状语放在比较级前或同级比较的第一个as前。

  1.(2012·东北三校联考)It is ______ of students to stay up reading till night before the final exam.

  A.common

  B.typical

  C.normal

  D.regular

  2.A ______ identification card is required when you purchase foreign money from the Bank of China.

  A.valid

  B.perfect

  C.beneficial

  D.flexible

  3.(2012·淮北二模)Of the two digital cameras,I would prefer______one,which is very easy for me to carry.

  A.a smaller

  B.the smallest

  C.a small

  D.the smaller

  4.(2012·江南十校联考)“Mary,don't take it ______when your teacher makes some general and unpopular remarks in class.Just try your best,” said her mother.

  A.typically

  B.exactly

  C.actually

  D.personally

  5.My work schedule is fairly ______,so you can come to me anytime you like.

  A.available

  B.accessible

  C.flexible

  D.changeable

  6.I can say,with______ truthfulness,that I did not injure her.

  A.actual

  B.absolute

  C.direct

  D.proper

  7.(2012·河南开封一模)We have developed our agriculture well,but still for lack of some food and fruits,they will ______ be imported from abroad if necessary.

  A.seldom

  B.however

  C.never

  D.therefore

  8.(2012·合肥一中冲刺高考最后一卷)The family were having a quarrel about daily expenses when I arrived.I felt so bad to arrive at such a/an ______ time.

  A.special

  B.flexible

  C.particular

  D.awkward

  9.(2012·湖北八校第一次联考)I'm terribly sorry to have caused you pain.But it was ______ done.Will you be so generous as to forgive me?

  A.unconsciously

  B.unwillingly

  C.sincerely

  D.normally

  10.(2012·银川一中一模)The rich man thought money was everything and it never occurred to him that happiness might be more ______.

  A.disastrous

  B.invaluable

  C.impressive

  D.annoying

  11.(2012·福建厦门质检)—Alice was born on January 26th and her husband,29th of the same month.

  —Oh,their birthdays are only three days ______!

  A.away

  B.apart

  C.later

  D.further

  12.(2012·山西大同学情测试)I wasn't blaming anyone;I ______ said errors like this could be avoided.

  A.mostly

  B.merely

  C.nearly

  D.rarely

  13.Do you believe ______ little boys could eat ______ much food?

  A.so;so

  B.such;such

  C.such;so

  D.so;such

  14.—Jack,you have earned so much in such a short time!

  —Yes,I have.But I am still ______ than you.

  A.better off

  B.more worse off

  C.worse off

  D.less badly off

  15.(2012·上海嘉定调研)At the news that her daughter was missing,a ______ look appeared on the mother's face.

  A.frightening

  B.frightened

  C.frightful

  D.fright

  三、形容词和副词

  命题调研·明晰考向

  真题试做

  1.D 考查形容词。在该题but后的分句中,if引导条件状语从句,主句为省略形式,根据句意判断是对赢和输两种情况进行比较,应用比较级形式,可排除A、B两项;so much the better意为“那就更好了”,为固定用法。所以应选D项。

  2.A 考查形容词。句意:兴趣对于学习来说,如同理解能力一样重要,甚至更重要。根据句意可知,应用vital。be vital to...意为“对……极为重要”。

  3.D 考查形容词辨析。句意:秘书安排了一个合适的时间和地点让求职者们参加面试。important“重要的”;spare“多余的,备用的”;public“公众的,公共的”;convenient“方便的,合适的”。

  4.A 考查副词辨析。句意:父亲向前来讨论这个问题的邻居试探性地建议:“或许,我们需要请史密斯博士来看看我们能为此做些什么。”tentatively “试探性地,犹豫地”;thoughtlessly “轻率地,欠考虑地”;definitely “明确地,确切地”;rudely “粗鲁地,不礼貌地”。

  5.C 考查副词。 句意:女王伊丽莎白二世常被认为是世界上最富有的女性。然而,她的个人财富看起来相当少。besides “除此以外,而且”;otherwise “否则”;however “然而,不过”;altogether “总而言之”。根据句意可知,前后两句之间为转折关系,故选C项。

  创新模拟·预测演练

  1.B 考查形容词。句意:期末考试之前熬夜读书是学生们的典型做法。common “普通的,共同的”;typical “典型的”;normal “正常的,标准的”;regular “定期的,有规律的”。根据句意可知答案为B项。

  2.A valid意为“合法的,有效的”;perfect意为“完美的”;beneficial意为“有益的,有利的”;flexible意为“有弹性的,灵活的”。根据句意判断应选A项,表示“有效的身份证”。

  3.D 考查形容词比较级。句意:这两个数码相机中,我更喜欢较小的这个,它很容易携带。“两者之中较……的那个”是特指,应用“the+形容词比较级”来表示,故选D项。

  4.D 考查副词。句意:“玛丽,当老师在班里讲一些并非针对个人的批评的话时,你不要为之感到不快。自己尽力就行了”,妈妈说道。typically “典型的”;exactly “准确的”;actually “实际上的”;personally “私人的,个人的”。take sth.personally 意为:为某人的言行感到不快。

  5.C available意为“可利用的”或指人“有空闲的”;accessible意为“可接近的,可进入的”;flexible意为“有弹性的,灵活的”;changeable意为“可变化的,易变的”。根据句意判断应选C项。

  6.B 考查形容词。actual “实际上,事实上”;absolute “绝对的,确实的,专制的,完全的,独立的,无限制的”;direct “直接的,笔直的,坦白的”;proper “合适的,正当的,正确的”。根据句意可知应该选择B项,absolute truthfulness “绝对真实”。

  7.D 考查副词。根据句意可知,虽然农业发展不错,但是由于食物和水果仍然匮乏,因此必要的时候还要从国外进口,所以D项therefore“因此,所以”符合题意。seldom“很少,难得”和never “绝不,永不”与题意不符;however “然而,可是”与句中的but在意义上重复,所以排除。

  8.D 考查形容词。句意:我到时这家人正为日常开销的事情吵架。在那样尴尬的时候到达感觉真糟糕。special “特别的,专门的”;flexible“灵活的,可变通的”;particular “特别的”;awkward “尴尬的,笨拙的”。根据题意应选D项。

  9.A 考查副词。unconsciously “无意识地,不知不觉地”;unwillingly“不愿意地,不情愿地”;sincerely “诚挚地,真诚地”;normally “通常,正常地”。根据句意可知,说话人认为自己不是有意伤害对方的,所以答案为A项。

  10.B 考查形容词。disastrous“灾难性的,极糟的”;invaluable “无价的,珍贵的”;impressive“给人深刻印象的”;annoying“恼人的,讨厌的”。句意:这位富人认为钱就代表一切,而且从没想过幸福可能比金钱更宝贵。

  11.B 考查副词。根据句意可知应该选择B项apart,在此作为副词意思是“相间隔地,分开地”,例如:Their houses are two miles apart.他们的房子相距两英里。away作为形容词意思是“遥远的,远方的”,作为副词意思是“离开,在远处”;later作为副词或形容词意思是“后来(的),稍后(的)”;further为far的比较级形式,意思是“更远的,进一步的(地)”。

  12.B 考查副词。根据句意可知应该选择B项merely,相当于only,意思是“仅仅,只不过”。mostly “主要地”;nearly “几乎”;rarely “罕见地,几乎不”。句意:我刚才没有指责任何人,我只是说像这样的错误是可以避免的。

  13.C 表示“多” “少”的many,much,few,little前面应由so修饰,所以第二个空用so;但是little还有“小”的意思,修饰可数名词,这时little前面应由such修饰。该句意为“你相信这么小的男孩们能吃这么多东西吗?”

  14.C well off意为“宽裕的,富有的”;badly off意为“贫困的,境况不好的”。根据转折连词But表示的逻辑意义判断,应选C项表示“我仍然不如你宽裕”。

  15.B 考查形容词。名词look (expression) “表情”和voice “声音,嗓音”需要用由过去分词转化过来的形容词来修饰,所以答案为B项。a frightened look “害怕的神情”。

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