2016高考英语二轮阅读理解讲与练（答案）--日常活动与学校生活（1）
Some spiders hunt on the ground, others build webs to trap their food, but the grass water spider catches its prey by running along the surface of the water.
This special water spider lives on the grassy banks of streams where mosquitoes,
damsel flies and other insects come to feed and breed.
Although it is one of the largest spiders in New Zealand, it has an unusual
ability. It doesn’t disturb the water as it waits for its meal, and there is barely a ripple(波纹) when it skims across the surface at lightning speed to catch its prey.
Grass water spiders deal swiftly with larger insects like damsel flies by pulling their heads under the water and holding them there until they drown.
After a meal, the grass water spider spends up to half an hour grooming(修饰) itself. It wipes its eight eyes, brushes its antennae, and takes special care to
clean the hairs on its body.
It is the hairs that trap tiny bubbles of air so that the spider can run down a blade of grass and stay underwater for up to an hour when it is frightened. The hairs also keep the spider dry, even underwater.
It is only when the female spider is caring for the young that she does not hunt on the water. After mating,she produces a large egg sac(囊),which she carriesaround for five weeks. Once the eggs start to hatch, she attaches the sac to some blades of grass or a thistle. She then tears the sac open and releases the tiny
spiders into the nursery web.(黄冈中学2009届高三期末)
1. How does the grass water spider kill its prey?
A. in a web B. by drowning
C. by poisoning
D. with its antennae
2. the writer describes the special spider as “special” because _______.
A. it walks on water
B. it has eight eyes
C. of its hairy appearance
D. of the way it produces its young
3. The passage tells us that the spider ______.
A. feeds grass and thistles to its young.
B. lives on blades of grass under the water
C. lives in the grass on the banks of streams
D. eats a meal once every five weeks
4. The purpose of the passage is to _______.
A. convince readers that spiders are dangerous
B. indicate that the grass water spider is endangered
C. list all of the spiders that can be found in New Zealand
D. describe the characteristics of the grass water spider
解析：
本介绍了一种水蜘蛛的生活情况。根据上下文语境逻辑推. B. 细节题。根据文章第4段描述by pulling their heads under the water and holding them there until they drown.可推知此题答案为B。
. A. 细节题。根据文章第1段后面的并列分句by running along the surface of the water.
. C. 细节题。根据文章第2段第1句This special water spider lives on the grassy banks of streams.
. D. 主旨题。文主要介绍了这种水蜘蛛的生活情况，由此可知作者的目的是要读者了解水蜘蛛的特征.but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning , which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials(尝试)increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.
The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of overleaming explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning. on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.
67. Who is the main idea of paragraph I?
A. People remember well what they learned in childhood.
B. Children have a better memory than grown-ups.
C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words.
D. Stories for children arc easy to remember.
68.The author explains the law of overleaming by_________.
A. presenting research findings
B. selling down general rules
C. making a comparison
D. using examples
69. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is_______
A. a result of overlearning
B. a special case of cramming
C. a skill to deal with math problems
D. a basic step towards advanced studies
70. What does the word "they" in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Commonly accepted rules.
B. The multiplication tables.
C. Things easily forgotten.
D. School subjects.
71. What is the author's opinion on cramming?
A. It leads to failure in college exams.
B. It's helpful only in a limited way.
C. It's possible to result in poor memory.
D. It increases students' learning interest.
链接2（2012江苏卷）
Franz Kafka wrote that "a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us. " I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn't seem to require any explanation.
We’d just finished John Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. "Are you crying?" one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. "I am," I told her, "and the funny thing is I've read it many times. "
But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I've taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn't always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, "it’s about being a man, it’s about manliness. " I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth's soliloquies (独白)read as raps (说唱) , but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck's writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that "all these people hate each other, and they're all white. " His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.
Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich (充实) the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do no. amaze but confuse. We mav succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.
66. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to_______
A. realize our dreams
B. give support to our life
'
C. smooth away difficulties
D. awake our emolions
67. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?
A. Because they spent much time reading it.
B. Because they had read the novel before
C. Because they came from a public school. ,
D. Because they had similar life experiences.
68. The girl left the selective high school possibly because_______.
A. she was a literary-minded girl B. her parents were immigrants
C. she couldn't fit in with her class D. her father was then in prison
69. To the author's surprise, the students read the novels ________.
A. creatively B. passively C. repeatedly D. carelessly
70. The author writes the passage mainly to________.
A. introduce classic works of literature
B. advocate teaching literature to touch the heart
C. argue for equality among high school students
D. defend the current testing system
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates”可知C项正确。
【难度】一般
69.【答案】A
【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第五段第四句“I have never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth’s soliloquies read as raps, but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious.”可推断作者对孩子阅读小说的创造力感到惊讶，字里行间流露出自豪，故A项正确。
【难度】一般
70.【答案】B
【试题解析】主旨大意题。难度较大。纵观全文，主要介绍了作者讲述在自己教学生涯中，教学生文学阅读的感受，可以美化他们的心灵，故B项正确。
【难度】较难
【长难句解析】
1. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I.
When 引导的时间状语从句，后面是so 引导的句型，表示“…和前面的主语也一样。”
2. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen.
本句是when 引导的时间状语， 主句中是that 引导的表语从句， realize 引导的宾语从句。
3. For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight.
本句reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. 为I的伴随状语。