2016高考英语二轮阅读理解讲与练（答案）--历史（1）
On May 29, 1973, Thomas Bradley, a black man, was elected mayor of Los Angeles. Los Angeles is the third largest city in the United States, with a population of three million. About sixteen percent of the city’s population are black.
News of this election appeared on the front pages of newspapers everywhere in the United States. Here is how one major newspaper reported the event:
LOS ANGELES ELECTS BRADLEY MAYOR UNSEATING YORTYBLACK WINS 56% OF VOTES
Bradley called his victory over Yorty “the fulfillment (实现) of a dream”. During his childhood and youth, people had kept telling him, “You can’t do this, you can’t go there, because you are a Negro.” Nevertheless he had won a decisive victory over a man who had been won 43.7 percent.
Los Angeles voters have had many opportunities to judge. Thomas Bradley had to form an opinion of him. The son of a poor farmer Texas, he joined the Los Angeles police force in 1940. During his twenty-one years on the police force he earned a law degree by attending school at night. He was elected to the city council (市政厅) ten years ago.
At the time of the Los Angeles election, three other American cities already had black mayors, but none of those cities had as large a population as Los Angeles. Besides, the percentage of blacks in those other cities was much larger. Cleveland, Ohio, had thirty-six percent black when Carl Stokes was elected mayor of Cleveland in 1967. In the same year Richard Hatcher was elected mayor of Cary. In Newark, New Jersey, sixty percent of the population were black when Kenneth Gibson was elected in 1970. Thus election of a black mayor in those cities was not very surprising.
In Los Angeles thousands of white citizens voted for Thomas Bradley because they believed he would be a better mayor than the white candidate(候选人). Bradley had spent forty-eight of his fifty-five years in Los Angeles. Four years ago Bradley lost mayoral election to Yorty. This time Bradley won.
1. In the author’s opinion, it was surprising that _______.
A. the whites would vote for a black mayor
B. a black mayor would be elected in such a large city
C. a black from a poor farmer’s family could be elected mayor of Los Angeles
D. there would be so many black mayors
2. From the passage we can infer that people ________.
A. voted for Bradley because of his black color
B. didn’t care much about his color when they voted
C. voted for him to give a chance to fulfill his dream
D. voted for Bradley because they trust him
3. Bradley hit the front page headline for _______.
A. he was the first black mayor in history
B. he was the first black mayor in the south of USA
C. he was the first black mayor of one of the largest cities in USA
D. a poor farmer’s son could also win an important election
4. From Bradley’s victory in the election we can see that ________.
A. blacks had equal rights as whites in the USA
B. black people’s situation began to be improving much more than before
C. one can be successful through hard work in the USA no matter what color he is
D. it is certain that someday the USA will have a black president
出处 学英语报
体裁 资讯
话题 一位黑人当选为市长
阅读策略 注意开头句
入选理由 热点问题，引起兴趣
1. A。推断题。根据文章第1段最后一句：洛杉矶黑人的比例为16%以及倒数第2段所描述其他几个城市的黑人的比例(分别是36 %、55 %、60 %)可推此题答案为A。
. D。细节题。根据文章最后一段第1句…because they believed he would be a better mayor than the white candidate可推知此题的答案为D。
3 C。细节题。根据倒数第2段第1句…three other American cities already had black mayors, but none of those cities had as large a population as Los Angeles可推知此题的答案为C。
. B。推断题。运用排除法：选项A显然与原文内容不符；选项C和D文章没提及，况且此两项过于忽略美国的种族矛盾，不宜选；只有选项B原文内容较相符。– One of the world’s most famous fossils (化石) – the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 – will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.
Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S. tour, which will start in Houston next September.
“Ethiopia’s rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world,” said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum.
The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago. Officials said six other U.S. cities may be on the tour. But they said plans had not been worked out.
Travelling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils. played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once a 3-foot-tall ape-man (猿人).
53. The author writes this text mainly to ___ .
A. introduce a few U.S. museums
B. describe some research work
C. discuss the value of an ape-man
D. report a coming event
54. What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. A painting of the skeleton. B. A photograph of Lucy
C. A copy of the skeleton. D. A written record of Lucy.
55. How many cities has Lucy’s U.S. tour plan already included?
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Eleven.
56. What was the skeleton named after?
A. An ape-man. B. A song. C. A singer. D. A camp.
【考点】热点话题
【试题解析】本文是一篇资讯报道，讲述时类人猿化石将进行巡回展出。所以选择D。
【难度】一般
54.【答案】C
【试题解析】猜测词义题。The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom.。中的while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom.。然而真品仍锁在秘密的仓库里，所以猜测a replica词义为赝品、复制品。
【难度】一般
【长难句解析】
The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom.。while表示对比。
55.【答案】B
【试题解析】由第二段最后一句which will start in Houston next September.和第四段第一句The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago.可知答案为B。
【难度】一般
56.【答案】B
【试题解析】最后一段的 her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, 可知选B。
【难度】较易
链接2. （2012辽宁卷）
Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.
As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West, even if his birthday is.
64.
The opening paragraph is mainly intended to ________
A. .
provide some key facts about Confucius
B.
attract the readers’ interest in the subject
C.
show great respect for the ancient thinker
D.
prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations
65.
We can learn from Paragraph 4 that American students______
A.
have a great interest in studying Chinese
B.
take an active part in Chinese competitions
C.
try to get high scores in Chinese exams
D.
fight for a chance to learn Chinese
66. What is the best title for the passge?
A.
Forgotten Wisdom in America
B.
Huge Fans of the Chinese Language
C.
Chinese Culture for Westerners
D.
Old Thinker with a Big Future
67. The passage is likely to appear in ___________.
A.
a biography
B.
a history paper
C.
a newspaper
D.
a philosophy textbook
【考点】日常生活类—记叙文
【文章大意】本文—孔子的思想仍然受到人们的追捧。
【难度】中等
66.【答案】D
【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文主要向我们介绍了孔子思想对西方的影响，以用将来可能产生的影响，所以选D。
【难度】一般
67.【答案】C
【试题解析】文章出处题。本文向我们介绍了孔子思想对西方的影响，以用将来可能产生的影响，应该是出自报纸，所以选C。
【难度】一般
链接3 （2012广东卷）
“Have a nice day!” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression. When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.
“Have a nice day. Next!” This version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words come out in the same tone (腔调) with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase business.
The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when we don’t know what to say. “Oh, you just had a tooth out? I’m terribly sorry, but have a nice day.”
The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you.
Although the use of expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a stranger and comfortable way, it’s nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don’t care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.
26. How does the author understand Maxie’s word?
A. Maxie shows her anxiety to the author.
B. Maxie really wished the author a good day.
C. Maxie encourages the author to stay happy.
D. Maxie really worries about the author’s security.
27. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. The salesgirl is rude.
B. The salesgirl is bored.
C. The salesgirl cares about me.
D. The salesgirl says the words as a routine.
28. By saying “Have a nice day,” a stranger may ________.
A. try to be polite to you
B. express respect to you
C. give his blessing to you
D. share his pleasure with you
29. According to the last paragraph, people say “Have a nice day” ________.
A. sincerely
B. as thanks
C. as a habit
D. encouragingly
30. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Have a nice day – a Social Custom
B. Have a nice day – a Pleasant Gesture
C. Have a nice day – a Heart-warming Greeting
D. Have a nice day – a Polite Ending of a Conversation
46-50 FACBE
【考点】风俗习惯类—说明文
【文章大意】在日常生活中，“have a nice day”这一习惯在不同的场合有不同的理解。
26.【考点】细节理解题
【答案】D
【试题解析】根据文章的第一段最后两句可知，特别是“…cares about me and wishes me well”等字眼。
27.【考点】词义猜测题
【答案】C
【解析】根据划线后面的“obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase business”可推知售货员说的商业礼貌用语，故选D项。
【难度】一般
28.【考点】细节理解题