高考备考百题精炼系列
专题八 阅读理解
A
（山东省济南市2011届高三教学质量调研一）
“Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move,” said David Belle, the founder of parkour(跑酷).
Do you love running? It is a good exercise, yet many people find it boring. But what if making your morning jog a creative one? Like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? Just like the James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bond’s wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide. Yes, that’s parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the obstacles in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop. Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, but its participants see parkour much more than that.
Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy(理念) behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back from them in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said, “I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything.”
other philosophy we’ve learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself that you earn energy and confidence.
61. Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of
.
A. its founder, David Belle
B. the film, Casino Royale
C. its risks and tricks
D. the varieties of participants
62. The underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “
”.
A. streets
B. objects
C. barriers
D. roofs
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查对词的理解能力。Obstacles意思为“障碍物” 分析个选项的含义如下A. streets意为“街道” B. objects “物体；对象；目标；”C. barriers意为“栅栏；障碍物；”D. roofs意为“房顶”。
由此不难看出与“obstacles”意思最接近的为C. barriers，故选C。
63. Which of the following is true of parkour?
A. It challenges human abilities.
B. It is a good but boring sport.
C. It needs special training.
D. It is a team sport.
64. As its participants move around a city,
.
A. they can ask for help
B. they may choose to escape
C. they should run to extremes
D. they must learn to survive
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查对文中句子的理解。从第三段中的Parkour is considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.容易找到最佳答案为C项“他们应该跑到极限为止”。
65. Which of the following is the philosophy of parkour?
A. Sports and extremes.
B. Excitement and popularity.
C. Dreams and success.
D. Determination and freedom.
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查对细节性信息的帅选和概括的能力。从文章的第三段的Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy(理念) behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination,…other philosophy we’ve learnt from parkour is freedom.我们概括为跑酷的理念精髓为：决心和自由。故选D项。
B
（重庆一中2011届高三月考一）
If teens could reduce the salt they take in every day by 3,000 milligrams (mg), they would cut their risk of heart disease and stroke(中风) greatly in adulthood, researchers say. Based on the results of a computer modeling analysis, researchers found that a 3,000 mg reduction in sodium(钠) by teenagers could reduce hypertension by 30 percent to 43 percent when they become adults.
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition that may have no symptoms for years, but can eventually cause serious health conditions, including heart attack and stroke.
Other benefits over time as teens hit 50 years of age include a 7-12 percent reduction in coronary heart disease(冠心病), an 8-14 percent reduction in heart attacks, and a 5-8 percent reduction in stroke.
Fast food typically contains too much sodium. One bag of Nacho Cheese Doritos has 310 milligrams. Pizza is one of the biggest problems for teens when it comes to sodium, according to data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
“The additional benefit of lower salt intake early is that we can hopefully change the expectations of how food should taste, ideally to something slightly less salty,” says Dr. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, the lead author of the study and associate professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.
“Most of the salt we eat is not from our salt shaker(盐瓶), but salt that is already added in food that we eat.” she added.
64．Which is a benefit of a low sodium diet according to the text?
A．No risk of heart disease.
B．Smaller chance of stroke.
C．Low blood pressure.
D．Slightly more heart attacks.If teens could reduce the salt they take in every day by 3,000 milligrams (mg), they would cut their risk of heart disease and stroke(中风) greatly in adulthood, researchers say.65．According to the text, 3,000 mg less salt intake daily will reduce hypertension by ________ in adulthood.
A．7%-12%
B．8%-14%
C．30%-43%
D．5%-8%Based on the results of a computer modeling analysis, researchers found that a 3,000 mg reduction in sodium(钠) by teenagers could reduce hypertension by 30 percent to 43 percent when they become adults.66．What does Dr Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo mean in the last two paragraphs?
A．A lower sodium diet can get teenagers used to less salty food.
B．A good eating habit can help teens have less junk food.
C．Teens should avoid pizzas and other salty foods.
D．We can add more salt from our salt shaker to the food.67．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Teens Cutting Salt for Healthier Adulthood
B．Diet and Health
C．Sodium Brings Health Concerns
D．A Cause of HypertensionCultural differences in business entertaining include problems such as whom one entertains and where and how one entertains. In countries where status is important, it is not advisable to invite people of different statuses to the same dinner party. Americans will often invite people to their homes. However, in some societies the home is considered too personal, unworthy, or too small to serve as a proper place for business entertaining. In some countries there is a “help yourself” method of entertaining done in the home. This method does not work well when entertaining people whose culture teaches them to wait to be asked three times before accepting an offer of food. For example, a Chinese guest went hungry all the evening without eating though he was quite hungry because he was too shy to take food after only being asked to do so once. In another case, an American woman executive(负责人) was being entertained in London. After having the tea served, the American woman helped herself to cream and sugar rather than waiting to be served. The English hostess was upset by the thought that she was not serving quickly enough.
As a general rule, a small gift from your home country is OK. A gift that is tied to the particular interest of the person is especially good. Gifts for children are also well received. Be careful that the “hometown” gift you are bringing to Singapore is not made in Hong Kong. Because many gifts carry symbolic meanings, it is always best to seek the advice of a cultural
information before selecting gifts. The giving of large gifts, or payments for special service,
should only be carried out after talking with legal department in the home and host culture.
57. It is no good inviting people of different social positions to the same party in the country where _______.
A. people don’t pay any attention to your positions
B. people care much about their statuses
C. entertainment is important
D. entertainment is not advisable
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查对细节性信息的帅选能力。从文中第一段的In countries where status is important, it is not advisable to invite people of different statuses to the same dinner party.我们容易知道正确答案为B项。
58. The Chinese guest is taken for an example to show ________.
A. that offering food should not be made too early
B. a “help yourself” method works well in this case
C. that accepting an offer of food should be made later
D. a “help yourself” method does not work well in some cases
59. The passage infers that American women like _________.
A. a “help yourself” method
B. waiting to be served
C. a slow service
D. cream and sugar
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查对细节性信息的帅选能力。从文中In another case, an American woman executive(负责人) was being entertained in London. After having the tea served, the American woman helped herself to cream and sugar rather than waiting to be served.60. _________ is especially proper, when you are invited to a dinner party.
A. A big gift
B. Large payment as a gift
C. A small gift from one’s home
D. A gift form Singapore
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查推理判断的能力。从文中最后一段，我们理解到不同的礼物代表不同的含义。“当你被邀请参加一个晚宴时，从家里带来一份小礼物被认为是很合适的。”故
选C项。
D
（四川德阳市2011届高三三诊）
It's almost time to head back to school, and well, it' s never too early to start shopping for those school supplies．If you have some extra cash left over after shopping for backpacks and number two pencils, then treat your kid to some cool electronics you can borrow from them later．
Acer Aspire One: Ntebooks are great for many reasons．Parents will love them because they’re extremely affordable and light compared to the average laptop．They' re also ideal for students who don' t quite need a computer but want one to do research, check email, or just surf the Web．You can find a black or white version for the low price of $ 99．
Fuji Fine Pix Z20fd: This sub - $ 200 digital camera is the perfect thing for any high school student．Available in five eye -catching colors, the Fine Pix Z20fd is a 10 - megapixel （兆像素） camera．Media kids will appreciate the camera? s blog and auction mode that lets users transfer pictures between cameras, as well as the "one touch" movie recording option that allows them to edit movies before sharing them online．This is certainly an affordable camera for photo - lovers of any age
Mimobot: USB flash drives are all pretty much the same, but if you want to treat your teen to a hip flash drive, check out Momobot．corn．Each drive is packed with cool wallpaper, digital magazines, and so on．You can find them in 1GB, 2GB, 4GB and 8GB capacities （容量） at the price of $35- $100．
Samsung S2: Regardless of what your teen may tell you, there are other music players out there packed with plenty of great features．Samsung' s S2 MP3 player is nice enough to wear around the neck and small enough to take to the gym．It is available in five colors （red, black, white, purple, and green） , comes in capacities of 1GB or 2GB, and is available for the low price of $40 or less．
49．What is probably the best tide for the passage?
A．Gift Ideas for High School Students B．New Products for Teachers
C．Best Choices for Parents D．Rare Gifts for Teenagers50．Which of the following pictures is a model of Acer Aspire One?
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查对细节性信息的帅选能力。文章第二段的首句Acer Aspire One: Notebooks are great for many reasons．a model of Acer Aspire One是笔记本电脑（Notebooks）即图像D。
51．According to the passage, which of the following is the most expensive?
A．Fuji Fine Pix Z20fd．
B．Acer Aspire One．
C．Mimobot．
D．Samsung S2．A．Fuji Fine Pix Z20fd．$ 200
B． Acer Aspire One．$ 99
C．Mimobot．$35- $100D．Samsung S2．$40 or less52．The passage is probably taken from a _____．
A．report
B．science book
C．textbook
D．newspaperThere is a boy called Bill in my gym class who has unbearably yellow teeth that almost make everyone feel unpleasant．Recently another boy told Bill that he should "go Ajax" his teeth．Bill was crushed．If the other boy had been thinking, he would have realized that there is a better way to handle such a situation．He could have dealt with it with tact．He could have showed this hurtful truth in a more careful, sensitive way—that's "tact"．
If a person isn't sensitive to another's feelings, there is no way he or she can be tactful．Yesterday, my 5-year-old brother proudly announced that he had cleaned the screen on our television set．Unfortunately, he used furniture polish, which produced an oily film on the television screen．My mother smiled arid thanked him for his efforts—and then showed how to
clean the screen properly． Her sensitivity enables my brother to keep his self-respect．Yet, sensitivity alone does not make tact．
"Tactfulness" also requires "truthfulness"．Doctors, for example must be truthful．If a patient has just been disabled in an accident, a tactful doctor will tell the truth—but express it with sensitivity．The doctor may try to give the patient hope by telling them curing techniques under study or about advanced equipment now available．Doctors must use tact with patients' relatives as well．Instead of bluntly saying, "Your husband is disabled," a doctor might say, "I'm sorry, but your husband has lost feeling in his legs and．．．"
Tact should not be confused with trickery．Trickery occurs when a nurse is about to give a patient an injection（注射） and says, "This won't hurt a bit．" Instead of trickery, the nurse might guarantee the patient that the discomfort of the injection is a small thing compared to the benefits of it．It would also be thoughtful for the nurse to tell the patients about some of these benefits．
Tact is a wonderful skill to have, and tactful people are usually admired and respected．Without tact our society would become an intolerable place to live in．
68．The underlined word "crushed" in the first paragraph probably means____．
A．surprised
B．cheated
C．regretful
D．painful69．According to the author, his mother's praise for the brother is ____．
A．sensitive and tactful
B．sensitive but not tactful enough
C．truthful but not tactful enough
D．sensitive but trickish70．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
（The numbers stand for the paragraphs）