2016高考英语上海市虹口区单项选择专题训练（08）及答案（冠词）
【考题示例】Would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our business management?
— If you make ______ most of the modern equipment, there will be ______ rise in production.
A. /; /
B. the; a
C. /; a
D. the; /
Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in _______ weather around the world.
A. /; the
B. the; /
C. an; the
D. the; a
此外，还需注意下面三个问题：
1、quite，rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后。 但当rather，quite 前仍有形容词，不定冠词放其前后均可。如：quite a lot 2、 在as，though 引导的让步状语从句中，当标语为形容词修饰的名词时，不定冠词放形容词后：
Brave a man though he is，he trembles at the sight of
snakes. 他尽管勇敢，可见到蛇还是发抖。 3、当名词被比较级形容词修饰时，不定冠词通常置于比较级形容词之后。
【考点突破】
①How about taking_____short break? I want to make_____call.
A. the; a
B. a; the
C. the; the
D. a; a
②Christmas is_____special holiday when_____whole family are supposed to get together.
A. the; the
B. a; a
C. the; a
D. a; the
考点2
考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法
①I looked under_____bed and found books I lost last week.
A. the; a
B. the；the
C. 不填；the
D. the; 不填
②I like_____color of your skirt. It is good match for your blouse.
A. a; the
B. a; a
C. the; a
D. the; the
考点3
考查不定冠词及零冠词的习惯搭配
①George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was
Sunday because everybody was at
church.
A. /; the
B. the; /
C. a; /
D. /; a
②Many people have come to realize that they should go on_____balanced diet and make________room in their day for exercise.
A. a; /
B. the; a
C. the; the
D. /; a
考点4 考查不定冠词在具体化的抽象名词前的用法
①Many people have come to realize that they should go on
balanced diet and make
room in their day for exercise.
A.a;不填
B.the; a
C.the; the
D.不填; a
②—How about _____Christmas evening party?
—I should say it was _____success.
A. a; a
B. the; a
C. a; 不填
D. the; 不填 ①We went right round to the west coast by
sea instead of driving across
continent.
A. the; the
B.不填;the
C. the; 不填
D.不填;不填
②George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was
Sunday because everybody was at
church.
A./; the
B. the; /
C. a; /
D./; a
类似的词组：
by day在白天
by the day按天计算
in case of以防
in the case of就……来说
in charge of负责，管理
in the charge of由……负责
in office执政
in the office在办公室
in sight(of)看见
in the sight(of)在……看来
go to sea去当水手
go to the sea到海边去
out of question毫无疑问
out of the question不可能
take advice征求意见
take the advice听从劝告
be of age成年
be of all age同龄
go to church去做礼拜
go to the church去教堂
in prison坐牢
in the prison在监狱
特别提示：当地点名词表示地点时，其前用定冠词；表示在这一地点所发生的活动时，其前不加冠词。如：He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed.他睡觉前到床边给我拿了本杂志。
难点1. 运用名词的各种形式，考查“类指”概念
“类指”即表示类别，也就是泛指一类的人或物，而不是其中特定的对象。定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词都有这种功能。注意：定冠词与复数名词连用只表示特指，不表示类指。
.“定冠词+单数可数名词”表示类指概念。(用特指的一个事物代表一类事物）【考题示例】
(1)The warmth of _______sweater will of course be determined by the sort of
_______wool used.
A. the, the
B. the, 不填
C.不填，the
D.不填，不填
(2) When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to _______hotel; I can find you _______bed in my flat.
A. the, a
B. the, 不填
C. a, the
D. a, 不填
知识链接：定冠词表类指的其它用法：
(定冠词+某些adj或分词表示一类人，如：
the sick（病人），the unexpected（意外之事），the oppressed（被压迫者），the living（活着的人们）
(定冠词+民族，国籍的adj，表示整个民族或国人，如：the Chinese, the French,
the Welsh
(定冠词+某些集体名词，表示一定的阶级，党派或团体，如：the working class, the party, the public, the Government.如：
B.“不定冠词+单数可数名词”表示类指概念。（用“任意一个 ”，“某一个”所具有的特性，特征表示一类事物）
【考题示例】
()Jumping out of _______airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _______exciting experience.
A. the ，不填
B.不填，an
C. an, an
D. the, the
(2)-------I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over _______keyboard.
-------You shouldn't put drinks near _______computer.
A. the; /
B. the; a
C. a; /
D. a; a
C．.“名词复数或不可数名词（物质或抽象名词）”表示类指概念【考题示例】
(1)The sign reads “In case of _______fire, break the glass and push _______red button”.
A.不填，a
B.不填，the
C. an, a
D. a, a
(2)Most animals have little connection with _______animals of _______different kind unless they kill them for food.
A. the; a
B./; a
C. the; the
D./; the
难点2
运用名词的各种形式，考查“泛指”概念
泛指表示原先未知的新信息，是不定冠词的根本用法，用来表达一种“类别”或“指量”意义。可数名词单数，可数名词的复数形式以及不可数名词都可以表示泛指意义。名词在表示泛指的同时大多数情况下也表示了类指。
【考题示例】
()I knew ________ John Lennon, but not _______ famous one.
A. 不填，a
B. a, the
C.不填, the
D. the, a
(2)Tom owns _______larger collection of _______books than any other students
in our class.
A. the,不填
B. a,不填
C. a, the
D不填.,the
运用名词的各种形式考查“特指”和“独指”概念
特指是定冠词的基本功能、，这种功能与限定词this, that的功能相同，定冠词的这种功能可以表现为后照应特指，前照应特指及语境特指。可数名词单数，可数名词的复数形式以及不可数名词都可以与定冠词连用表示特指意义。
.考查定冠词表示“独指”的用法
定冠词的独指，是指独一无二的事物，如：the star, the sun, the universe…但space“太空”，man“人类”一般不与冠词连用，属特殊情况。36. Very few scientists _____ with completely new answers to the world’s problems.
A. come to
B. come round
C. come up
D. come on
37. --- How about John?
--- My aunt _____ John a good student.
A. believe
B. suggests
C. considers
D. knows
38. The old man sat in the armchair, _____ a match and lighted a cigarette.
A. hit
B. knocked
C. beat
D. struck
39. We couldn’t drink the milk because it had _____ bad.
A. gone
B. become
C. changed
D. got
40. A famous battle was _____ there in the year 490 B.C.
A. held
B. taken
C. made
D. done
41. I’m sorry I’m late. I never _____ the bus to take so long to get here.
A. thought
B. planned
C. expected
D. waited for
42. Children enjoy _____ up wooden bricks, then knocking them down.
A. adding
B. pushing
C. piling
D. putting
43. He offered to _____ her a hand as the bag was too heavy for her to carry.
A. lend
B. help
C. show
D. say
44. The moon gives _____ no light as of its own.
A. off
B. up
C. in
D. away
45. After his journey, Gerald hoped to find an inn to _____ the night in.
A. sleep
B. pass
C. spare
D. remain
46. --- What are you doing?
--- I’m _____ the children. They should be back for lunch now.
A. looking after
B. looking at
C. looking for
D. looking up
47. Give us ten years and just see what this place will _____.
A. look on
B. look like
C. look out
D. look for
48. Never _____ till tomorrow what may be done today.
A. put on
B. put away
C. put off
D. put up
49. They gave him chance to _____ designing the new building.
A. take pride in
B. take an interest in
C. take pleasure in
D. take part in
50. Mother kept inviting Mrs Smith to stay for lunch, and finally she _____.
A. gave out
B. gave off
C. gave in
D. gave away
51. That was a terrible piece of work you _____ the other day. I could hardly believe it was yours.
A. turned in
B. turned into
C. turned over
D. turned up
52. Your mother looks ill these days. You’d better _____ a doctor.
A. call on
B. call in
C. call for
D. call at
53. He must _____ the south, for he likes to have rice for meal.
A. come along
B. come over
C. come from
D. come to
54. That evening she _____ writing the report.
A. set out
B. set off
C. set up
D. set about
55. A fire _____ in the tower story and soon the whole building was in flames.
A. broke in
B. broke out
C. broke down
D. broke into
56. If anyone in the village is ill, Mr Johnson is always _____.
A. asked for
B. looked for
C. waited for
D. sent for
57. Still, he _____ his post, reporting the water level to the headquarters every fifteen minutes.
A. came to
B. devoted to
C. stuck to
D. got to
58. Throughout the whole of the conversation he never once looked me _____ the face.
A. at
B. on
C. in
D. to
59. It would be unwise to rely _____ him too much.
A. to
B. at
C. on
D. for
60. We can’t tell the young teachers _____ the students.
A. among
B. from
C. of
D. to
61. The coin was almost worthless. So it was of small _____.
A. worthy
B. honour
C. price
D. value
62. I don’t like people to look _____ me while I am writing.
A. with
B. on
C. over
D. after
63. I really care _____ the students in my class.
A. for
B. of
C. at
D. after
64. On Midsummer’s Day we stayed _____ to watch the sun rise.
A. on
B. over
C. up
D. in
65. Put the food in the cupboard to keep it safe _____ ants.
A. for
B. with
C. of
D. from
66. Have you any experience that you would like to share _____ the group?
A. between
B. in
C. with
D. among
67. He tried to _____ his daughter of the danger of spending more than she earned.
A. remember
B. persuade
C. realize
D. warn
68. I don’t think these shoes can be repaired again. I’d better throw them _____.
A. on
B. out
C. off
D. over
69. It sounds quite a good idea, but I’d like to think it _____.
A. of
B. about
C. up
D. over
70. Every possible test was _____ to decide the nature of her illness.
A. carried on
B. carried off
C. carried out
D. carried over
参考答案
36---40CCDAA 41---45CCAAB 46---50CBCDC
51---55ABCDB 56---60DCCCB 61---65DCACD
66---70BDBDC
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