模块3
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
典型句式运用
1. be to do sth.
1)表按计划或安排，如：The Queen is to visit Japan in a week’s time
2) “命运”,将来必然要发生的事, 译作“注定……”。
They said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meet again.
3) 表示“应该”/ “义务” ，相当于should, must, have to . 如：You are to report to the police.
4)用于否定句，表示“禁止”，相当于mustn’t。例如 You are not to smoke in the reading-room
5 )表示“想，打算”，相当于intend, want。例如If we are to be there soon, we’ll have to go now.
6）表示可能性,相当于can, may如: Such books are to be found in the library.
2．the first, the second，the last 等序数词常与不定式连用
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
as+形容词原级+名词词组+as分句
Jack is as efficient a worker as Bill。Mary is as intelligent a student as Peter.
重点单词
1. exist vi. 存在； 生存existing adj.目前的；现存的exist on= live on靠……为生
come into existence开始存在；成立
2. escape v. & n.逃跑，逃离
escape+ n./doing sth.逃脱了/避免了……
escape from/out of...从……逃跑
sth. escape sb.……被某人遗忘；未被注意
a narrow escape九死一生
3. mass n. (聚成一体的)团;块;大多数; 质量; 群众; 大量
1）a mass of/masses of大量的(可数,不可数均可）= plenty of, , a quantity of, quantities of
2）the mass media 大众传媒
3）mass production 批量生产
4.break out 突发；爆发。
break up 关系的破裂，打碎；解散；放假
break down (机器的）故障；(精神、身体)崩溃；(谈判，计划)失败
break off 停止，中断
break in 闯入；插话
break into 强行进入某处；突然开始(大笑、欢呼等)
break through 突破；强行穿过
break away from...脱离……
5.
in time 及时；最终,早晚
in no time 立即；马上
at no time 绝不
at a time 一次；每次
at one time 曾经；一度
at times 有时
ahead of time 提前
for the time being 暂时
take one’s time 别着急；慢慢来
It’s high time that sb. did/should do sth.
6. 区分 now that,
because, since, as, for
)Because 直接的原因，有较强的因果关系。()As 由于，比because 弱。(3)now that“既然；由于”that可省略(4)since 既然，表既成的事实，可与now that互换。
(5) for 因为,并列连词,前面用逗号与主句隔开，补充说明原因。
7. violent criminals: 使用暴力的罪犯
a violent
attack:
猛烈的攻击
a violent
protest：强烈的抗议
a violent
struggle； 激烈的斗争
violent winds and storms
狂风暴雨
violent toothache:
剧烈的牙痛
8. unlike 介词，不同，不像 dislike 讨厌，不喜欢
9. pull: 拖，拉，牵引
pull sth. down:
拆毁
pull in/into:
驶进，驶近 pull out
驶出，退出
pull over:
使车闪到一边pull up ； 使停下，10. Now (that)/ seeing (that)/considering (that) / in that
鉴于某个事实，原因是，用法与since接近
not that…but that… 不是因为，而是因为;
on ground(s) that 理由是
11. get the hang of: 熟悉，理解，掌握
=have a good knowledge of =have a good command of
12. dissolve: 溶解，解散
13 .extinct:灭绝的，
14.lessen the pressure from study：减轻；减少
15. exhaust: 用尽，耗尽