【2016高考调研】（新课标·名校调研）北师大版·英语（高三总复习）Unit 7 The sea（课时作业）
Ⅰ.单项填空
1. Chris, please ________ a meeting with Mr. Du for me this evening who came back from Canada yesterday.
A. manage
B. organize
C. plan
D. arrange
答案
D
解析
考查动词词义辨析。句意：克里斯,请安排我今晚与杜先生见面,他是昨天从加拿大回来的。arrange sth. for sb. “为某人安排某事”，符合语境。
2. (2016·杭州模拟)I turned back only to find an old schoolmate whose name ________ me for the moment.
A. avoided
B. escaped
C. failed
D. slipped
答案
B
解析
考查动词辨析。句意：我转身却发现一个老校友,一时想不起他的名字了。sth. escape sb. “某人想不起某物”。avoid“避免”; fail“失败”; slip“滑动”。根据句意选B。
3. Those ________ at the meeting included the manager and the secretary.
A. presence
B. absent
C. present
D. absence
答案
C
解析
考查词汇辨析。句意：那些出席会议的人包括经理和秘书。present用作形容词,意为“出席的;在场的”,故选C。
4.— Shall we go to the art exhibition right away?
— ________.
A. It’s your opinion
B. I don’t mind
C. It’s all up to you
D. That’s your decision
答案
C
解析
考查情景交际。句意：——我们现在就去参观艺术展览吗?——完全由你决定。It’s your opinion“那是你的看法”; I don’t mind“我不介意”; It’s all up to you“完全由你决定”; That’s your decision“那是你的决定”。只有C符合句意。
5. (2016·宁波模拟)Paper bags produced every year are ________ the world’s production of vehicles.
A. three times the weight of
B. three times weight of
C. as three times heavy as
D. three times as heavier as
答案
A
解析
考查倍数表达法。句意：每年生产的纸袋是世界上生产的车的三倍重。倍数+the+n.+of ... 为倍数表达法的一种,故选A。
6. (2016·潍北模拟)They try to ________ him not to smoke so heavily, but he is so stubborn that it seems nothing can change his mind.
A. persuade
B. suggest
C. advise
D. command
答案
A
解析
考查动词的用法。句意：他们试图说服他不要抽那么多烟,但他是如此固执好像什么也不能改变他的主意。因为不存在suggest sb. to do的用法,排除B;try to persuade sb. to do sth. 表示
“企图劝说某人做某事”,但未说服,符合语境; command表“命令”; advise一般不与try to连用。
7. (2016·盐城模拟)— How do you like our city?
— It has changed beyond ________ in the past 20 years, a completely new one in front of me.
A. realization
B. description
C. expression
D. recognition
答案
D
解析
考查名词辨析。句意：——你认为我们的城市怎么样?——在过去的二十年中已经变得认不出来了,在我面前是一个全新的城市。change beyond recognition为固定搭配,意为“变得认不出来了”,故选D。
8. The company is starting a new advertising campaign to ________ new customers to its stores.
A. join
B. attract
C. stick
D. transfer
答案
B
解析
句意：这家公司正在开展一项新的广告运动,目的是吸引新的顾客来它的商店。join“参加”; attract“吸引”; stick“粘贴”; transfer“转移”。
9. The signal for help was ________ by another ship which happened to pass by.
A. picked up
B. picked off
C. picked out
D. picked at
答案
A
解析
考查动词短语辨析。句意：求救信号被碰巧经过的另一艘船只接收到。pick up“接收”; pick off“摘去”; pick out“认出”; pick at“指责”。根据句意选A。
10. Mathilde and her husband turned the whole room upside down ________ the lost necklace.
A. in favor of
B. in want of
C. in charge of
D. in search of
答案
D
解析
考查介词短语辨析。句意：玛蒂尔德和她的丈夫把整个房间弄得乱七八糟以寻找丢失的项链。in favor of “赞成;有利于”; in want of“需要”; in charge of“掌管”; in search of“寻找”。根据句意选D。
11. Students are encouraged to ________ the design competition for robots at the university.
A. take part
B. operate
C. join to
D. participate in
答案
D
解析
句意：在大学里学生们被鼓励参加机器人设计大赛。take part不及物动词短语,“参加”;operate“操作”;join to“连接”;participate in sth. 意为“参加(某项活动)”。
12. With the help of the government, a large number of people ________ after the earthquake in 2008.
A. survived
B. suspended
C. suffered
D. submitted
答案
A
解析
考查动词辨析。句意：2008年地震后,在政府的帮助下,许多人存活下来。survive“幸存;存活”; suspend“使悬浮”; suffer“遭受”; submit“服从”。根据句意选A。
13. (2016·鹰潭模拟)When I wanted to express my thanks to him, words ________ me. I just held his hands firmly and choked.
A. left
B. fled
C. forgot
D. escaped
答案
D
解析
考查动词辨析。句意：当我向他表达谢意时,我找不到合适的语言。我只是紧紧地握着他的手,说不出话来。sth. escape sb. “某人想不起某物”,故选D。
14. — What do you think of the hotel?
— Wonderful. You couldn’t have found ________.
A. a good one
B. a better one
C. a best one
D. the best
答案
B
解析
考查形容词的比较级和否定词连用,表达最高级含义。答句意思是“棒极了,你不可能找到比这更好的旅馆了”。
15. If Barry can’t ________ it to the airport, we have to go without him.
A. got
B. took
C. sent
D. made
答案
D
解析
考查固定短语。句意：如果巴里无法及时赶到机场，我们只好不等他就走了。make it to ...“及时／成功赶到某地”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
For millions of years, sharks have been the kings of the oceans, the top of the food chain. But these days, the hunter has become the hunted, because of better methods from commercial fishermen who are looking for fins(鱼鳍)to make expensive soup sold mostly in Asia. Shark fins are far more valuable than shark meat, so fishermen cut the fins off live fish and throw the sharks overboard to maximize the catch they bring back.
Shark finning is illegal in the United States, but there’re tournament sport fishermen, who target and kill the biggest ones they take from the sea. These tournaments, the prizes of which can reach ＄5 000 or more, attract large crowds of anglers but also draw protests from animal rights groups and environmentalists.
The competitors say they are enjoying a fun and legal sport, the impact on the overall shark population is very small, and most of the sharks caught are returned to the ocean. Dave Johnson, who is from Kennebunkport, Maine, said no one ever comes close to the limit set by the government of killing one shark per day during the three month season.
“I enjoy watching these animals, but I also enjoy catching and releasing(释放)them, and very rarely killing them and eating them,”he said. “If I thought killing one shark was endangering(危及)the species and contributing to their decline I’d stop doing it tomorrow.”
That is exactly what marine biologists like Luke Tipple want to happen. “I believe that they should just stop it. In fact, we don’t need to be targeting, in any way, any of these threatened populations，” he said. Up to 73 million sharks are killed annually, and many species are at risk of extinction(灭绝).
1. Fishermen throw the sharks back into the sea after catching them to ________.
A. drop useless shark meat
B. let them grow new fins
C. avoid law punishment
D. make higher profits
2. The undertined word“anglers”in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A. angry animal activists
B. tournament organizers
C. commercial fishermen
D. lovers of shark fishing
3. Johnson’s words suggest that ________.
A. he opposes killing sharks
B. he will soon quit the hobby
C. he believes sharks are endangered
D. he feels his behavior is of little harm
4. In Tipple’s opinion, ________.
A. no shark should be caught or killed
B. the tournaments should target common species
C. sport fishermen should release sharks in time
D. more strict limits should be set by the government
答案与解析
【语篇解读】
本文为一篇说明文。鲨鱼，令海洋动物胆寒的“冷面杀手”，如今却成了某些人紧追不舍的猎物。
1. 答案
D
解析
细节理解题。根据第一段“fishermen cut the fins off live fish and throw the sharks overboard to maximize the catch they bring back.”可知，渔民把割掉鳍的鲨鱼扔回海中，是为了节省船上的空间，以存放更多的鲨鱼鳍，从而获得更大的收益。
2. 答案
D
解析
词义猜测题。根据第二段的描述可知，该词指的是“鲨鱼捕钓爱好者”。
3. 答案
D
解析
推理判断题。由第三、四段约翰逊的话可推断出，他把捕到的鲨鱼大部分放生，很少杀掉，他认为自己的行为没多大危害。
4. 答案
A
解析
细节理解题。最后一段第一句话“That is exactly what marine biologists like Luke Tipple want to happen.”承接上文“I’d stop doing it tomorrow.”的含义。结合“we don’t need to be targeting, in any way ....”的含义可推断出，蒂波的意见是一条鲨鱼也不应该捕捞和猎杀。
In Psychology Today, writer Carlin Flora suggests that America’s fascination with celebrity is a symptom of a larger cultural obsession with the three A’s-affluence(富有), attractiveness and achievement. Celebrities seem to represent all of these.
Affluence, attractiveness and achievement are understandably desirable, and certainly not harmful，but fixation on these can sometimes divert individuals, especially young people, from other values, such as community, charity and dommitment.
If you want your children to grow up with an understanding that looks aren’t everything, that we can’t buy happiness, and that we are more than the sum of our achievements and failures, then they will need critical thinking skills. Educators and psychologists say these skills will help children deconstruct the mixed messages they get from celebrity-crazed media.
Here are some tips to help parents to teach critical thinking to their kids.
Resist putting a television and computer in your children’s room. This allows them to watch without care. It is better for you to know what they’re watching; that way you can discuss the programs.
Encourage your children to think about their favorite shows and media personalities. Why do they like them? Do they reflect the values of their family, school, community or church? Speculate about the real lives of some of the celebrities they love. Would they really want to be like Paris Hilton or Jessica Simpson?
Ask your children to talk about the kinds of things they like best about the people they know, including their own friends, family members, teachers and coaches. Is it that they’re famous and rich and pretty? Or is it that they’re funny, helpful, caring, friendly and smart?
Encourage kids to be skeptical. Get them to ask questions such as “Is the only reason I’m interested in that person on TV is because he is on TV?”
Stay current with the programs, music and video games your kids are consuming. It’s the only way you’ll be able to have intelligent and informed discussions with them about the people and images they’re exposed to. It’s the only way you’ll know what they’re thinking, and the only way you can help them think more critically.
5. The main purpose of the text is to ________.
A. explain why children are addicted to celebrity culture
B. advise how to guide children through celebrity culture
C. tell us what attitude children should have towards celebrities
D. explain the importance of critical thinking skills
6. The author believes the fixation on the three A’s will _______.
A. direct children to right values
B. do harm to children completely
C. make children neglect other important values
D. make children form their own ideas ahout celebrities
7. Children are asked to talk about the kinds of things they like best about the people they know so that they can ________.
A. realize only common people can be happy
B. see who is more helpful to them
C. realize celebrities are common people too
D. find good qualities in common people
8. Which of the following can help your children think more critically?
A. Let them focus on studying.
B. Have a discussion with them about their schoollife.
C. Ask them to think about the real reasons why they like the celebrities.
D. Let them compare the people around with themselves.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】
本文为一篇议论文。文章就如何培养和发展孩子的批判性思维以及正确对待明星进行讨论，并就此提出几点建议。
5. 答案
B
解析
推理判断题。综合分析全文可知，文章主要说明如何让孩子正确对待明星和流行文化。
6. 答案
C
解析
细节理解题。从第二段可知，过分关注这三方面，会使孩子忽视其他重要的价值观。
7. 答案
D
解析
推理判断题。从第六段可知孩子在比较中会发现普通人身上的一些闪光点，从而形成正确的价值观。
8. 答案
C
解析
细节理解题。从最后一段可知，让孩子思考喜欢明星的真正原因可以培养他们的批判性思维。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cheating can happen in a lot of different ways. Jeff is doing it by sneaking answers to a test, but it’s also cheating to break the rules of a game or contest or to pretend something is yours when it isn’t.
9
It’s tempting to cheat because it makes difficult things seem easy, like getting all the right answers on the test. But it doesn’t solve the problem of not knowing the material.
10
11
They can watch TV instead of studying for the spelling test. But other people lose respect for cheaters and think less of them. The cheaters themselves may feel bad because they know they are not really earning that good grade. And, if they get caught cheating,they will be in trouble at school, and maybe at home, too.
Some kids cheat because they’re busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without spending the time studying.
12
Even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, cheating isn’t a good idea.
If you were sick or upset about something the night before and couldn’t study, it would be better to talk with the teacher about this. And if you don’t have enough time to study for a test because of swim practice, you need to talk with your parents about how to balance swimming and school.
A kid who thinks cheating is the only way to pass a test needs to talk with the teacher and his or her parents so they can find some solutions together.
13
A. Kids cheat for various reasons.
B. Sometimes it may seem like cheaters have it all figured out.
C. It also won’t help on the next test — unless the person cheats again.
D. Talking about these problems and working them out will feel better than cheating.
E. When people cheat, it’s not fair to other people.
F. Other kids might feel like they can’t pass the test without cheating.
G. If they are a little more diligent and work a little harder, they will do better.
答案
9~13
BCEFD