【2016高考调研】（新课标·名校调研）北师大版·英语（高三总复习）Unit 24 Society（课时作业）
Ⅰ.单项填空
1. If we can ________ our present difficulties， then everything should be all right.
A. come across
B. get over
C. come over
D. get off
答案
B
解析
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们能克服目前的困难，一切都应该好起来的。get over有“克服；越过”的意思，为最佳选项。come across“偶然遇见”； come over“突然感到；短暂造访”； get off“下车”。
2. Studies of populations ________ high levels of radiation have shown increased risk of cancer.
A. exposed to
B. filled in
C. caught on
D. kept up
答案
A
解析
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于人们接触高核辐射的研究表明会增加患癌症的风险。(be) exposed to“暴露于；接触”，符合句意。fill in“填充”； catch on“理解；变得流行”； keep up“保持”。
3. This morning someone ________ from downtown and asked to see me at two o’clock.
A. called out
B. called on
C. called for
D. called up
答案
D
解析
句意：今天早上有人从市里打电话来，要求在两点钟时来看我。call up“打电话”； call out“大喊”； call for“需要”； call on“号召”。
4. — The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.
— Don’t worry. We have already ________ two thirds of it.
A. got down
B. got through
C. given in
D. given away
答案
B
解析
考查动词短语辨析。句意：——老板说我们只有三天的时间去完成这项工作。——不用着急，我们已经完成了三分之二。get through“完成”； get down“写下”； give in“放弃”； give away“出卖”，A、C、D意思都不符合句意。
5. — Have you ________ some new ideas?
— Yeah， I’ll tell you later.
A. come about
B. come into
C. come up with
D. come out with
答案
C
解析
考查动词词组辨析。come up with表示“想出；想起”。come about用作不及物动词短语，表示“发生”； come into表示“进入；得到”，不符合语境； come out with表示“发表；公布；说出；提出；展出；供应”，语意不恰当。
6. Hearing the news that he didn’t pass the final exam， he became ________ at once.
A. casted down
B. cast down
C. cast off
D. casted off
答案
B
解析
cast的过去式和过去分词是它的本身； cast down意为“使沮丧”符合句意，故选B。
7. (2016·镇江模拟)Some old people don’t like pop song because they can’t ________ so much noise.
A. concern
B. tolerate
C. undertake
D. ignore
答案
B
解析
考查动词辨析。句意：一些老年人不喜欢流行音乐，因为他们无法忍受这么大的噪音。tolerate“容忍”； concern“关注”； undertake“承担”； ignore“忽略”。
8. (2016·安徽六校联考)Only when ________ possible to settle the problem.
A. does will it be
B. the editor comes will it be
C. has the editor come it will be
D. the editor comes it will be
答案
B
解析
由only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，其后面的主句要用部分倒装。
9. The old curtain， whose color has ________， is replaced with a new one.
A. failed
B. faded
C. declined
D. dismissed
答案
B
解析
考查动词词义辨析。根据语境The old curtain， ...， is replaced with a new one可知“旧窗帘都已经褪色了”。fade“变淡；变暗”； fail“失败；(健康、视力等)衰退”； decline“下降”； dismiss“解雇；开除”。
10. — Could you meet me at the train station at 9 tomorrow morning?
— I’d like to， but I ________ for Pairs by the time you arrive.
A. will leave
B. have left
C. will have left
D. am leaving
答案
C
解析
考查动词时态。by+表示将来的时间，主句用将来完成时，此句意思是 “你到的时候，我已经离开去巴黎了。”故选择C。
11. — We could have finished the job on time ________ us.
— I really wanted to help you， but I was too busy then.
A. you assisted
B. did you have assist
C. had you assisted
D. you had assisted
答案
C
解析
考查虚拟语气。本句是表示和过去相反的虚拟语气，故if从句使用过去完成时，如果省略if，从句用部分倒装，因此选择C。
12. How long do you suppose it is ________ he took over the company from his father?
A. before
B. since
C. when
D. after
答案
B
解析
考查固定句型。It is+时间段+since从句表示“自从……以来多长时间了”。
13. Was it in the beautiful park ________ was located by the sea ________ we first met our new Chinese teacher?
A. where； that
B. which； which
C. that； that
D. which； where
答案
C
解析
第一个空处缺少作主语的关系代词，可用that也可用which；第二个空为强调句的连接词that。
14. — It has become a nationwide requirement that every student ________ have daily exercise for one hour.
— Yeah. It is high time that we ________ special attention to physical exercise.
A. must； should pay
B. should； paid
C. will； shall pay
D. need； pay
答案
B
解析
考查虚拟语气和情态动词。主句中有requirement，其名词性从句的谓语部分应用(should+)动词原形，故第一空填should；第二空所在句式为：It is(about / high)time+从句，从句应用虚拟语气，即一般过去时或should+动词原形。
15. — Mum， I’ve got a bad cold.
— Oh. Tom， ________ go to see the doctor.
A. so you have
B. you’d better
C. so have you
D. I would rather you
答案
B
解析
考查情景交际。句意：——妈妈，我得了重感冒。——噢，汤姆，你最好去看医生。根据上下文，应用you’d better do sth.意为“你最好做……”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A beer bottle thrown from the stands landed near Usain Bolt in the moments before the 100-meter final Sunday night in London.
As Bolt and seven other competitors ducked into their starting crouches, a bottle sailed from the first row of the stands at Olympic Stadium.
It harmlessly bounced in the lane belonging to Yohan Blake and didn’t appear to cause a distraction(分心)to the runners. The thrower’s lack of strength was a blessing. Had he gathered tips from the competitors of the hammer throw(链球) competition, which was on in the field at the same time as the 100 final, he could have hit one of the competitors. It ended up landing on the land a few feet from Blake(lane 5).
Edith Bosch, a female Dutch judoka who won a bronze medal earlier during the Olympics, claimed that the man who threw the bottle was sitting near her and she “beat” him. Whether that’s true or the hyperbole(夸张的语句) of an aggravated athlete was unclear in the minutes after the incident. Pictures showed a group of Dutch athletes sitting behind the starting area.
The police took the man into custody(被拘留). He would appear in court on Monday morning.
Neither Bolt nor Blake knew the incident until they were informed by reporters. “I don’t know who would have done that,” Bolt said.
Gatlin was aware of it but implied it was only a slight distraction. “I didn’t know what it was,” he said, according to the BBC, “but when you’re in those blocks, the whole stadium is so quiet that you can hear a pin drop.”
1. What is the text mainly about?
A. Usain Bolt along with seven other competitors.
B. Beer bottle thrown at Usain Bolt before 100 final.
C. A female Dutch judoka sitting behind the starting area.
D. The man who threw the beer bottle was arrested by police.
2. How many exact athletes are mentioned in the text?
A. Two.
B. Four.
C. Seven.
D. Eleven.
3. What can we learn from the third paragraph?
A. Luckily, the bottle belonged to Yohan Blake.
B. The thrower gathered tips from the competitors.
C. At that time the hammer throw competition was on.
D. Unfortunately, the bottle hit one of the athletes.
4. From the text, we know that Edith Bosch ________.
A. won a bronze medal in the judoka competition at the London Olympics
B. is not a female Dutch judoka but a competitor of the hammer throw competition
C. really beat the thrower because she was just sitting near the man
D. didn’t know the incident until she was informed
答案与解析
1. 答案
B
解析
主旨大意题。根据文章的首段及全篇即可概括选项B符合文章总体表述的基本含义。
2. 答案
B
解析
细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章中具体提到的运动员有Usain Bolt, Yohan Blake, Edith Bosch和Gatlin，故正确选项为B项。
3. 答案
C
解析
细节理解题。由第三段第三句the hammer throw competition, which was on in the field at the same time可知C项正确。
4. 答案
A
解析
细节理解题。根据第四段首句Edith Bosch, a female Dutch judoka who won a bronze medal earlier during the Olympics可知。
A few years ago, the world crossed a threshold(门槛). For the first time, more than half the human race is living in cities. By 2050 the figure will rise to 70 percent. We are adding the equivalent (相当物) of seven New Yorks to the planet every year.
Cities bring together the systems by which our world works: education, transportation, public safety, and health care, among others. Our challenge is to apply this technology to improving the places we live. Consider the applications:
Transportation
Car ownership in emerging markets is growing from less than one in ten people to one in three. Integrated technology can help relieve traffic pressure. IBM helped Stockholm implement(使生效) a congestion-management system that reduced traffic by 18 percent.
Energy and Water
As urbanization levels increase, city leaders must satisfy demands for water and energy while promoting the sustainable(持续的) use of resources. Malta, for example, is building a fully integrated national electricity and water system that will monitor usage, set variable rates, and reward those who use less energy and water.
Health Care
In a smart health-care system, patients, doctors, and insurers can all share information searntessly(无空隙地；不停顿地). Sainte-Justine, a research hospital in Montreal, is automating the gathering of critical research data and applying analytics to speed childhood cancer research.
Education
There are more than 15 000 local school districts in the United States delivering K-12 programs, with separate operating systems, measurements, and management processes. In an integrated system, parents and teachers can have a real-time view of the status and performance of every student, enabling schools to tailor learning programs to individual students.
Cities of the future will have to be far more collaborative(协作的). I’m not talking just about public-sector or private sector cooperation. None of the systems I’ve described is controlled by any one agency, sector, or industry. The world’s cities, new and old, have the potential to be the economic, governmental, cultural, and technological power plants of a more efficient, prospero, and progressive world — if we can make them smarter. The time to start doing so is now.
5. What does the author think of cities in our world?
A. They are similar.
B. They are hopeless.
C. They are sound.
D. They are different.
6. The passage suggests that ________.
A. the majority of the human race is now living in cities
B. the most important locus(地点) for 21st-century innovation(革新) will be our cities
C. cities’ health-care systems will not be pushed to the limit as populations grow
D. individual students present the most promising opportunity to make our planet smarter
7. The following are the applications mentioned in the passage EXCEPT ________.
A. a congestion-management system
B. a fully integrated national electricity and water system
C. a research hospital in Montreal
D. a program called K-12 with separate operating systems
答案与解析
5. 答案
C
解析
推理判断题。根据第二段首句Cities bring together the systems by which our world works ....可知，作者对城市的看法应该是“健全的”，故用sound“全面的;健康的”。
6. 答案
B
解析
推理判断题。A项与第一段第二句相悖；B项与第一段最后一句以及第二段第二句吻合，即“我们的城市将成为21世纪技术经济与社会革新的重要场所。”C项与Health Care一节提到的内容相悖；D项曲解了Education一节的真实内容。
7. 答案
C
解析
细节理解题。C项是Health Care一节中提到的“蒙特利尔一家研究所”，而不是像A、B、D项一样的具体应用体系和项目。