2016高考英语（江苏专用）全程复习方略 课时提升 作业十五：Unit3 Science and nature（牛津译林版必修5） Word版含解析

　　课时提升作业(十五)

　　必修　UnitⅠ. 单项填空

　　1. (2016·天水模拟)I would like a job which pays more, but

　　I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.

　　A. in other words

　　B. on the other hand

　　C. for one thing

　　D. as a matter of fact

　　2. (2016·杭州模拟)Despite all the benefits of building the subway in the city center, only a few people argued

　　the project.

　　A. in terms of

　　B. in place of

　　C. in favor of

　　D. in need of

　　3. (2016·厦门模拟)In most cases, you need to obtain a work

　　so that you can work legally.

　　A. permission

　　B. agency

　　C. talent

　　D. permit

　　4. (2016·抚州模拟)He said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to

　　his acceptance in writing.

　　A. prove

　　B. investigate

　　C. suspect

　　D. confirm

　　5. (2016·潍坊模拟) Apple’s iPhone4S disappointed its fans，its later success was beyond what people could expect.

　　A. WhenB. As

　　C. Unless

　　D. While

　　6. The poor mother had no choice but have her son _______. She had no money to support him to finish the education he needed.

　　A. adapted

　　B. adopted

　　C. adjusted

　　D. applied

　　7. —Can you explain how it _______ that you were an hour late?

　　—Sorry, sir. I overslept.

　　A. brought about

　　B. came about

　　C. turned out

　　D. worked out

　　8. Alice is kind, careful, energetic and has much experience in looking after children. In a word, she is _______.

　　A. comfortable

　　B. flexible

　　C. available

　　D. reliable

　　9. Any help from you will be greatly appreciated. Please give me a reply at your earliest _______.

　　A. instruction

　　B. convenience

　　C. intention

　　D. consideration

　　10. If he had had enough time to _______ what he was learning, he would have succeeded in passing the entrance exam.

　　A. concentrate on

　　B. apply to

　　C. put forward

　　D. bring about

　　11. I really can’t _______ with the loud noise outside. It is driving me crazy.

　　A. come up

　　B. put up

　　C. push ahead

　　D. get through

　　12. All the teachers are well aware of the fact that most students, especially teens, need help and encouragement _______ punishment.

　　A. other than

　　B. rather than

　　C. or rather

　　D. more than

　　13. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _______.

　　A. would have been saved

　　B. had been saved

　　C. must be saved

　　D. was saved

　　14. The death of the actress was so unexpected and _______ the making of the film had to be stopped temporarily.

　　A. in consequence

　　B. in return

　　C. in particular

　　D. in conclusion

　　15. _______ by a worldwide best-seller, the film Life of Pi itself is a victory over its difficulties.

　　A. Inspiring

　　B. To inspire

　　C. Inspired

　　D. Inspire

　　Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　It’s a sad and familiar sentence from a beggar that we often hear. Usually，when asked “Can you spare some1

　　? ”， I’ve been struck with a feeling of2

　　if I passed by without giving a coin or two.

　　My conscience was hurt again when I was making a

　　3

　　in Venice in 2010. I was sitting in a quiet cafe. Outside the cafe on the street was an old woman on her knees，4

　　. Steady streams of

　　5

　　were walking past her. A young backpacker stood away from the crowd drinking something, but I noticed he was also

　　6

　　the woman.

　　She knelt motionlessly，her head almost touching the ground，a worn blanket providing little7

　　against the cold. The sight was especially

　　8

　　when compared with the signs of the

　　9

　　city around her.

　　A tourist group hurried along the street，10

　　at the woman and walked on. Another group of tourists arrived，11

　　again，walked past her. The backpacker watched. Then，as I prepared to leave，I stopped at the sight of the backpacker12

　　and placing some money in the woman’s cup. He did this rather

　　13

　　，just before the arrival of another tourist group. I watched14

　　the leader of the group stopped and put some money in the cup. With the young man

　　15

　　the way，other tourists followed suit. The young backpacker

　　16

　　this process in front of the next tour party going past. Once again，the subtle peer(同伴)pressure17

　　on the tourists，who all added coins to the cup. His work done，the young man walked over to the old beggar woman and said，“I hope that18

　　a bit. ”

　　I placed some money in the woman’s cup and

　　19

　　my tour，light-hearted after witnessing such a20

　　act of caring. (344W)

　　1. A. time

　　B. effort

　　C. change

　　D. reward

　　2. A. satisfaction

　　B. guilt

　　C. anger

　　D. pleasure

　　3. A. lecture

　　B. report

　　C. study

　　D. tour

　　4. A. crying

　　B. begging

　　C. singing

　　D. dancing

　　5. A. passengers

　　B. customers

　　C. tourists

　　D. foreigners

　　6. A. ignoring

　　B. serving

　　C. observing

　　D. following

　　7. A. protection

　　B. prevention

　　C. preparation

　　D. presentation

　　8. A. frightening

　　B. touching

　　C. fascinating

　　D. interesting

　　9. A. peaceful

　　B. noisy

　　C. wealthy

　　D. primitive

　　10. A. glanced

　　B. laughed

　　C. shouted

　　D. stared

　　11. A. unless

　　B. so

　　C. but

　　D. or

　　12. A. looking around

　　B. stepping forward

　　C. getting about

　　D. breaking in

　　13. A. secretly

　　B. carelessly

　　C. deliberately

　　D. eagerly

　　14. A. since

　　B. before

　　C. after

　　D. as

　　15. A. showing

　　B. pushing

　　C. losing

　　D. pointing

　　16. A. stopped

　　B. valued

　　C. made

　　D. repeated

　　17. A. moved

　　B. relied

　　C. worked

　　D. carried

　　18. A. helps

　　B. matters

　　C. counts

　　D. improves

　　19. A. cancelled

　　B. continued

　　C. started

　　D. delayed

　　20. A. funny

　　B. smart

　　C. simple

　　D. modest

　　Ⅲ. 阅读理解

　　It is now February 7, 2035. The search engine TalkTalk will be open to the public next week and this service will soon be something beyond your imagination. For the first time you can not only talk to the search engine, but you can discuss with it what you are looking for.

　　For example, if you want to know more about the oil price, TalkTalk asks if you want to know the current oil price, the development of the oil price, or news related to the oil price. You say that you want to read news about it and TalkTalk then directs you to your source, or lets you have the latest news related to the oil price in order from the most respectable sources.

　　Compared with other search services that use a certain algorithm (程序) to provide data from a search, the artificial intelligence(人工智能)behind TalkTalk is said to easily spot if a certain source is aiming to cheat the searcher. TalkTalk also judges and stores every given reply and discussion, to learn how to give correct answers. TalkTalk is also set to answer questions directly where there is a definite answer. How well this will work in the long run is yet to be seen, but thousands of people have tested TalkTalk and the quality is really good.

　　The first talking search engine saw the light of day more than 30 years ago and was called Speegle. It could read the results from a written search on the Internet, and was mostly for blind people.

　　So far, TalkTalk cannot read the information from a certain source to you by phone, if it is not freely available. There are currently talks to find an arrangement for this, but it would most likely be difficult because of copyright(版权).

　　TalkTalk is available over the Internet and also by phone, even though it only speaks English. There are no plans to add other languages in the near future, most likely because it will cost a lot of money. When you are tired of asking TalkTalk all your questions, just ask, “Where is TalkTalk? ” and you will get an answer that will make you leave it with a smile on your lips. (383W)

　　1. The example in Paragraph 2 is given to show _______.

　　A. how to use the search engine TalkTalk

　　B. how to search for news on the Internet

　　C. the oil price is a very hot issue currently

　　D. TalkTalk has a very high intelligence

　　2. The advantage of TalkTalk is that it can _______.

　　A. be available wherever you go

　　B. tell if a certain source is reliable

　　C. read the search results for you

　　D. offer different kinds of search results

　　3. What can be inferred from the text?

　　A. TalkTalk can read all the information online.

　　B. TalkTalk will speak other languages soon.

　　C. TalkTalk may have a bright future.

　　D. TalkTalk is very expensive.

　　4. What would be the best title for the text?

　　A. Hello, TalkTalk

　　B. Where is TalkTalk

　　C. TalkTalk is improving

　　D. Development of search engines

　　5. In which part of a future newspaper can you read the text?

　　A. Opinion.

　　B. Culture.

　　C. Lifestyle.

　　D. Technology.

　　【语篇随练】

　　根据阅读理解翻译句子

　　1. Compared with other search services that use a certain algorithm to provide data from a search, the artificial intelligence behind TalkTalk is said to easily spot if a certain source is aiming to cheat the searcher.

　　【译】2. The first talking search engine saw the light of day more than 30 years ago and was called Speegle.

　　【译】1.【解析】选B。考查插入语用法。句意：我想有一份待遇更好的工作，但是另一方面，我也喜欢现在的工作。in other words 换句话说；on the other hand 另一方面；for one thing 一方面；as a matter of fact 事实上。

　　2.【解析】选C。考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管在市中心建设地铁有那么多好处，但很少有人赞成这一项目。in terms of 就……而言；in place of 取代；in favor of 支持，赞同；in need of 需要。

　　3.【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，你需要获得工作许可证才能合法地工作。permission 许可，允许；agency代理，代理商; talent 才能，才干；permit 许可证，执照，故 work permit意为“工作许可证”。

　　4.【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意：他说他会接受这份工作，因此我们已经让他以书面的形式来确认他接受(这份工作)。prove 证明，证明是；investigate 调查；suspect 怀疑；confirm 确认，证实。

　　5.【解析】选D。句意：虽然苹果的iPhone4S令它的粉丝们失望，但是它后来的成功却超出了人们的意料。while在本句中引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。

　　6.【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意：那个可怜的母亲没有别的办法只能将儿子由别人收养。她没有钱来支持他完成他所需要的教育。have+宾语+过去分词(宾语补足语)，adopt 收养；adapt 适应; adjust调整，使适应; apply 适用，应用，申请。

　　7.【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：——你能解释一下你迟到了一个小时是怎么回事吗？——很抱歉，先生。我睡过头了。bring about 导致，造成；come about 发生；turn out 结果是，证明是，出来，生产；work out 解决出，制订出，锻炼。

　　8.【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意：爱丽丝友善、仔细、精力充沛并且在照顾孩子方面有很多经验。总之她是一个可靠的人。comfortable 舒适的；flexible 灵活的，有弹性的；available 可得到的；reliable 可依靠的，可依赖的。

　　9.【解析】选B。 考查名词辨析。句意：无论你给予什么样的帮助我都将非常感激。请你在方便的时候尽早给我回复。instruction指导，说明；convenience 方便，便利；intention 目的，意图；consideration 考虑，打算。

　　10.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果他有足够的时间集中精力于他所学习的东西，他就会成功地通过入学考试了。concentrate on 集中注意力于，集中精力于；apply to 适用于；put forward 提出；bring about 导致，造成。

　　11.【解析】选B。考查动词短语用法。句意：我真的难以忍受外面的噪音。它都要让我发疯了。选项中四个短语均可与介词with搭配，其意义不同。come up with 提出；put up with 忍受； push ahead with 努力推进；get through with 接通。

　　12.【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意：所有的老师都清楚地意识到大多数学生，特别是青少年，需要的是帮助和鼓励而不是惩罚。other than 除了；rather than 而不是；or rather 更准确地说；more than 超过，不只是。【变式备选】

　　(2016·潍坊模拟)My son prefers us to email each other once a week

　　spend half an hour on the phone every night.

　　A. other than

　　B. rather than

　　C. more than

　　D. instead of

　　【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意：我儿子宁愿我们每周彼此发一次电子邮件也不愿意每天晚上花半小时时间打电话。other than除了；rather than而不是；宁可……也不愿；more than比……多，不止；instead of代替，而不是。根据句意可知答案选B。

　　13. 【解析】选A。考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我懂这个电脑程序，就会节省很多的时间和精力。本句的条件从句部分省略了连词if, 故将had提到句首，状语从句部分用部分倒装。本句是对过去情况进行虚拟，故要用would have been saved。

　　【变式备选】

　　When you phoned me, I was having a meeting; otherwise I

　　your call.

　　A. answered

　　B. would answer

　　C. had answered

　　D. would have answered

　　【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意：当你给我打电话时，我正在开会，要不然我就接你电话了。题干前半部分为陈述句，说明题干动作发生的时间为过去；otherwise用于引出虚拟条件句的主句部分，由于是对过去的虚拟，故本题正确答案选D。

　　14.【解析】选A。句意：女演员之死十分出乎意料，结果电影的拍摄也不得不暂时停止。in consequence 结果；in return 作为回报；in particular 尤其，特别是；in conclusion 总之。

　　15.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意：受到一本世界畅销小说的启发而拍摄的电影《少年派的奇幻漂流》本身就是战胜无数困难后的一次胜利。inspire和逻辑主语the film之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动和完成。

　　Ⅱ.作者在威尼斯旅游时目睹了一个背包的年轻人如何用自己的行动去巧妙地带动其他游客帮助一位行乞的老太太，说明了一个人的善举可以影响到其他人，让其他人去学习和效仿。

　　1.【解析】选C。考查上下文照应。从上文作者提到经常会听到乞丐说的令人伤心却非常熟悉的一句话，到下文的如果自己不给一两枚硬币就有负罪感可知，引号中的句子应为“Can you spare some change? ”change在句中意为“零钱”。

　　2.【解析】选B。出于对乞丐的同情，自己如果不给就从旁边经过的话，心里会有一种负罪感。guilt 愧疚，内疚，有罪。

　　3.【解析】选D。从下文可知，作者是在威尼斯旅行，故选tour符合语境。

　　4.【解析】选B。从上文可知，老太太是一位乞丐，正跪在地上乞讨，故这里要选begging符合句子语境。

　　5.【解析】选C。游客们从她身边经过。

　　6.【解析】选C。背背包的小伙子一边喝着什么东西，一边观察着老人。

　　7.【解析】选A。老人跪在地上一动不动，头几乎触地，一块破旧的毛毯稍微抵挡一下寒气。此处用protection一词符合语境。prevention 预防；preparation 准备；presentation 展示，表现。

　　8.【解析】选B。与她周围富裕的城市相比，这种景象尤其给人很大的触动。touching 使人感动的；frightening 使人害怕的，；fascinating 迷人的；interesting 有趣的。

　　9.【解析】选C。见上题解析，威尼斯是一座富裕的城市。

　　10.【解析】选A。游客们从老太太身边匆匆而过，故他们只能瞥一眼，然后继续走，而不可能去盯着看，而B、C两个选项在故事情景中不可能发生。

　　11.【解析】选C。另一队游客过来了，但是也从老人身边走了过去。

　　12.【解析】选B。句意：背着背包的年轻人走上前去，把一些钱放到老人的杯子里，看到这个情景我停了下来。step forward走上前去，与上面的The backpacker watched. 相照应。

　　13.【解析】选C。从后面的just before the arrival of another tourist group可以判断，背背包的人是在故意这样做，所以deliberately 故意地， 符合语境。

　　14.【解析】选D。在那队游客的队长停下来把钱放到老人杯子里时，我观察着。

　　15.【解析】选A。show the way本身指引路，但是在句中是指带头给老人钱。下文followed suit意为：学某人的样子，跟着做。

　　16.【解析】选D。与下文的once again相照应，可知年轻的背包者又在下一队游客到来时重复这样的动作，而后面的人则跟着做。

　　17.【解析】选C。游客们起初只是走过，并不给老人钱，但是年轻人的带动却非常有效。因此作者在此处所说的是“微妙的同伴压力在游客身上发挥了作用”。

　　18.【解析】选A。年轻人走到老太太身边，希望这些钱会对她有所帮助。

　　19.【解析】选B。作者把钱放到老人的杯子里，继续旅行。

　　20.【解析】选B。背背包的年轻人通过自己的行动带动其他游客来帮助乞讨的老人，是一种非常巧妙的方法，故用smart符合语境。funny 有趣的；smart 聪明的，巧妙的；simple简单的；modest 谦虚的。

　　Ⅲ.本篇为说明文，介绍了未来的搜索引擎TalkTalk.

　　1.【解析】选A。细节理解题。第二段是承接上一段内容。上段最后一句为. . . you can not only talk to the search engine, but you can discuss with it what you are looking for. 由此可知第二段为TalkTalk的使用方法。

　　2.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的. . . easily spot if a certain source is aiming to cheat the searcher. 可知答案。

　　3.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章对这一搜索引擎的介绍，特别是第三段末句可知，它面世后很可能赢得市场的欢迎。

　　4.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章描述了未来的搜索引擎TalkTalk，它可以和使用者对话，所以A项符合。

　　5.【解析】选D。文章出处题。本文描述的是搜索引擎，故应刊登在报纸的科技专栏。1.与其他使用某一程序从搜索中提供数据的搜索服务相比，支撑TalkTalk的人工智能据说可以很容易发现是否某一消息来源是旨在欺骗搜索者。

　　2.第一个语音搜索引擎在30多年前面世，被称为Speegle。