Unit 2 The universal language
1.____________ adj.不情愿→____________ adj.愿意的→____________ n.意愿
2.____________ adj.仁慈的→____________ n.仁慈,怜悯
3.____________ vi.& vt.联合,团结→____________ n.联合,团结
4.____________ adj.破损的;不连续的→____________ vt.打碎,打破
5.____________ n.失业→____________ v.雇佣→____________ adj.失业的
6.____________ n.作品集;收藏品→____________ vt.收集
7.____________ n.奴隶制→____________ n.奴隶
8.____________ n.自由→____________ vt.解放
9.____________ adj.逐渐的;平缓的→____________ adv.逐渐地
10.____________ n.趋势,动向→____________ adj.时髦的
1.These developments have created a great d____________ for home computers.
2.I hate to s____________ at you,son,but you mustn't stay out so late at night.
3.Those prisoners are dreaming of l____________.
4.If we manage to u____________,we may win this competition.
5.She d____________ to have lunch with her friend,saying that she wasn't feeling well.
6.There is a growing ____________(倾向)among them to accept this theory.
7.Do you think the new rose has taken ____________(根)?
8.There has been a ____________(逐渐的)increase in the number of families owning refrigerators.
9.Older people may ____________(寻求)their own friends rather than become too emotionally dependent on their children.
10.There is sure to be a scold when my parents find the window is ____________(打坏的).
1.be ____________ in 以……为背景
2.break one's ____________ 违背诺言
3.at first ____________ 乍一看
4.take ____________ 呈现;雇佣
5.be ____________ to do sth.乐意/不愿意做某事
6.be ____________ to 可接近的,可得到的
7.take ____________ in 参加
8.put ____________ 张贴;举起
9.____________ for 申请
10.try ____________ 尝试
11.____________ up 长大
12.____________ up 分离
13.____________ up 突然兴起,迅速出现
1.Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could not be a more awesome setting!
想象一下在紫禁城里表演这部喜剧吧——再也没有比这更好的地方了!
句型提炼:英语中否定词与比较级连用时,往往表达最高级的含义。
2.She demands that he leave.她要求他离开。
句型提炼:动词demand后接从句时,从句的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
3.In many,many ways,the Beatles were pioneers for what was to come.在许多方面,披头士是引领潮流的急先锋。
句型提炼:句中what was to come是一个宾语从句。be to+动词原形,表示将来的动作。
1.imagine v.想象;假想;设想
imagine that/what...,想象……
imagine(sb. /sb's)doing想象(某人)做某事
①You can imagine the situation there.
你可以想象那里的情况。
②I can't imagine what he looks like.
我想象不出他是什么长相。
③Don't imagine yourself to be always correct.
不要以为自己总是对。
④ I can't imagine walking all the way to the North Pole.
我无法想象怎样一路走到北极去。
⑤I can hardly imagine Peter sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
我几乎不能想象彼得在五天内就横渡了大西洋。
⑥I can just imagine what the place is going to look like in a few years.
我能想象出这个地方几年后会变成什么样子。
反馈1.1—There is a story here in the paper about a 110yearold man.
—My goodness!I can't imagine ______ that old.
A.to be B.to have been
C.being
D.having been
反馈1.2—Look!He's running so fast!
—Hard to ______ his legs were once broken.
A.know
B.imagine
C.realize
D.find
2.those
those 来替代表特指的复数名词,尤其是当其后有 of 引导的介词短语或 who 引导的定语从句修饰时。
①Those of you who wish to go on the trip may sign up here.
你们中间想参加这次游览的人可以在这里签名。
②His ideas are little different from those of his friends.
他的想法和他朋友的想法没什么不同。
③Students who do well in examinations are those/the ones who ask questions in class.
考试成绩好的都是上课爱提问的学生。
④My headache is much better.Those tablets are really effective.
我的头疼好多了。那些药片的确很有效。
易混辨析one,ones,that和those用作代词的异同点
英语中,one、ones、that、those常用作代词,指代前面出现过的名词以避免重复,确保句子的简洁。
1.one,ones,that,those的类似用法。
1)one用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数。(注意:代词it表示同一事
物);另外one可指代“任何人”,此时前面无任何冠词。
2)ones用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数。
3)that用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数或不可数名词。
4)those用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数。
2.one、ones、that、those的区别。
1)一般来讲,one代表前面有不定冠词的可数名词单数,that代表前面有定冠词的可数名词单数;ones代表前面无定冠词的可数名词复数(前面总带有形容词作定语,不能单独使用),those代表前面有定冠词的可数名词复数。
2)one或ones的定语既可以放在其前面,也可以放在其后面;that或those的定语只能放在其后面。
3)如果在one或ones前面加上定冠词the分别用来代表可数名词的单数或复数,定语又在其后,这时的the one或the ones基本上可以分别与that或those互换。
①I'm looking for a flat.I'd like one with a garden.
我正在找一套公寓,想找一套带花园的。
②Green apples often taste better than red ones.
青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。
③His stories are more interesting than those I told.
他的故事比我讲的故事有趣。
反馈2.1(2012·江苏南京四校12月月考)The French Revolution was successful in______ society of inequality,which had a great effect on many other countries,particularly ______ in Europe.
A.freeing;that
B.freeing;ones
C.ridding;the one
D.ridding;those
反馈2.2I'm moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than ______ in the city.
A.ones
B.one
C.that
D.those
反馈2.3(2012·江苏泰州中学调研)A scientist who can speak English is in closer touch with those of other countries than ______ who doesn't.
A.that
B.thoseC./
D.one
反馈2.4It is common that there are generation gaps between parents and their children,for the values of today's young people differ from ______ of their parents.
A.ones
B.one
C.that
D.those
反馈2.5Little joy can equal ______ of a surprising ending when you read stories.
A.that
B.those
C.any
D.some
反馈2.6—Have you heard the latest news?
—No,what ______?
A.is it
B.is thereC.are they
D.are those
反馈2.7______ can never expect to know everything about the world.
A.Those
B.A one
C.One
D.Ones
3.disturbing adj.令人不安的,引起恐慌的
He had a novel and disturbing experience last year.
去年他有一次新奇而又令人不安的经历。
易混辨析 annoy,bother,trouble,disturb辨析
annoy指外界的干扰令人讨厌或无法忍受或指某人故意去妨碍别人。
bother“打扰,麻烦”,指给人行动带来不便或身心上带来痛苦。
trouble的语气强于bother,弱于disturb。
disturb“打扰,扰乱”,指使正常秩序或一时的安定受到破坏或精力一时不能集中。
①I was annoyed by his bad manners.他的无礼使我恼怒。
②She didn't bother me with the details.她并没有拿细节问题来烦我。
③His failing grades troubled his parents deeply.
他不佳的成绩令父母深感烦恼。
④The communications are being disturbed by the solar spots.
各种通讯正受到太阳黑子的严重干扰。
反馈3.1Excuse me,Mr Black,but I have to ______ you with a few questions.
A.ask
B.bother
C.release
D.admire
反馈3.2—Why do you look so blue?
—My son's behaviour in school greatly ______ me.
A.punished
B.damaged
C.annoyed
D.disturbed
反馈3.3The mother opened the door quietly so as not to ______ the sleeping baby.
A.upset
B.interrupt
C.disturb
D.release
4.demand vt.强烈要求,需要 n.要求,需要
1.demand作动词用
1)demand+名词或代词 demand后接名词或代词时,其主语可以是人也可以是物。一般来说,当人作主语时,表示主观要求;而物作主语时则表示客观需要。
2)demand+动词不定式 demand后接动词不定式时,主语通常是人而不是物;动词不定式可根据需要用主动或被动形式。
3)demand sth.from/of sb.向某人要求某物
4)demand+从句 demand后接宾语从句时,从句谓语一般要用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”;其中should可以省略。
2.demand作名词用
demand用作名词时既可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词。
①The foreign customer demanded an apology from the saleswoman in the supermarket.
这位外国顾客要求超市女售货员向其道歉。(主观要求)
②As is known,fishing is a job that demands great patience.
众所周知,钓鱼是一项需要耐性的工作。(客观需要)
③She demanded to be told everything about it.她要求知道事情的整个经过。
④Yesterday evening,the couple came to my house and demanded help from/of me.
昨天晚上,夫妇俩来到我家要求我帮忙。
⑤The manager demanded that the workers(should)work extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.
经理要求工人加班,以提前完成任务。
⑥The workers' demands for higher pay and better working conditions were turned down.
工人们加薪和改善工作条件的要求遭到拒绝。
⑦I'm sorry,but there is little demand for these goods at present.
实在抱歉,但是现在这些货物的需求量极小。
⑧I'm afraid that the supply of this product can hardly meet the demand.
恐怕这种产品可能会供不应求。
反馈4.1He was stopped by a policeman who ______ his name and address.
A.claimed
B.requested
C.required
D.demanded
反馈4.2The parents are ______ by law to send their children to school.
A.demanded
B.required
C.requested
D.called
反馈4.3It is required that the students ______ mobile phones in their school,so seldom ______ them using one.
A.not use;will you see
B.should not use;you will see
C.don't use;will you see
D.not use;you will see
反馈4.4Unless all his demands were ______,he would refuse to sign the agreement.
A.met
B.permitted
C.allowed
D.replied
反馈4.5The teachers' ______ for better working conditions will be met.
A.requirement
B.demand
C.commend
D.insistence
5.decline v.下降;衰退;拒绝
decline vi.下降;衰退
vt.婉拒;谢绝As one grows older one's memory declines.
人的记忆力随着年龄增长而衰退。
Unemployment declined to 4 percent last month.
上个月失业率降至百分之四。
She declined their invitation.她婉拒了他们的邀请。
易混辨析decline,refuse
decline“辞谢,婉言谢绝”,指有礼貌地、语气委婉地拒绝,主要用于拒绝有关社交活动的邀请或请求等。
refuse是表示“拒绝”这一概念的最普通的用词,语气比decline强,含有非常坚决地、不客气地拒绝的意味。refuse作及物动词时,后面常常接名词或代词表示被拒绝的对象,跟不定式表示拒绝做某事。作不及物动词时,refuse 可单独使用。
I dare say it would have been more seemly to decline his proposal.
我知道更合体的做法是拒绝他的邀请。
I refuse to answer.
我拒绝回答。
反馈5.1I had invited him to my party,but he ______ coming.
A.declined
B.refused
C.said no
D.dropped反馈5.2 将下列短语或句子中的画线词翻译成汉语。
(1)the decline of the Roman Empire
________________________________________________________________________
(2)fall into a decline
________________________________________________________________________
(3)on the decline
________________________________________________________________________
(4)the decline of life
________________________________________________________________________
(5)They wish that prices would decline.
________________________________________________________________________
(6)decline an offer of invitation
________________________________________________________________________
6.Shortly afterwards,another prince,Calaf,falls in love with Turandot at first sight and decides to solve the riddles so that he can marry her.
之后不久,另一位王子卡拉夫对图兰朵一见钟情,他决定解开这个谜,以便能够娶她为妻。
at first sight 第一眼;马上
catch/get sight of 看见;发现
come into sight 进入视线;映入眼帘
in/within sight 在看得见的范围内
lose sight of 看不见;忽视
keep...in sight 盯着……
out of sight 看不见,在视野之外
in the sight of=in sb's sight 在……看来
At the sight of the police they ran away.
他们一看见警察就跑。
In the sight of the world,they were happily married.
在世人的眼里,他们的婚姻非常幸福。
反馈6.1At the railway station,the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was ______.
A.out of sight
B.out of reach
C.out of order
D.out of place
反馈6.2The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common ______ in many parts of the city.
A.look
B.sign
C.sight
D.appearance反馈6.3The ______ of blood always makes him feel sick.
A.sight
B.view
C.look
D.form
基础梳理整合
词汇拓展
1.unwilling;willing;will 2.merciful;mercy 3.unite;union 4.broken;break 5.unemployment;employ;unemployed 6.collection;collect 7.slavery;slave 8.liberty;liberate 9.gradual;gradually 10.trend;trendy
语境记词
1.demand 2.scold 3.liberty 4.unite 5.declined 6.tendency 7.root 8.gradual 9.seek 10.broken
短语回顾
1.set 2.promise 3.sight 4.on 5.willing/unwilling 6.accessible 7.part 8.up 9.apply 10.out 11.grow 12.spilt 13.spring
考点归纳拓展
【思路点拨】
1.1 C imagine“想象,设想”,后可跟名词、代词、动名词,that,wh从句作宾语或用于imagine+宾语+to be结构。由此知A、B两项不符合其用法;由句中时态判断,此处应用一般式而非完成式。
1.2 B 考查动词的意思。句意为:“看!他跑得那么快!”“很难想象他的腿从前断过。”know“知道”;imagine“想象”;realize“意识到”;find“找到,发现”。
2.1 D 本题考查动词短语以及代词用法。rid...of...使摆脱,去除;第二空those指代前文中的countries。
2.2 C 本题中than的比较对象是前面的air,air是不可数名词;而 one,ones,those都来代指可数名词。that既可指可数又可指不可数。
2.3 D 根据空处后面的定语从句中用doesn't可知此处应用one表示a scientist。
2.4 D those 来替代表特指的复数名词,尤其是当其后有 of 引导的介词短语或 who 引导的定语从句修饰时。
2.5 A joy为不可数名词,用一个代词代替时,须用that,that代替不可数名词,且要有后置定语。
2.6 A news为不可数名词,代词it表示同一事物。
2.7 C 此处one泛指“一个人,任何人”。句意:一个人不能指望懂世界上所有的东西。
3.1 B 句意:布莱克先生,打扰了,我有几个问题要麻烦你回答一下。据此可以排除A、C、D三项。bother指不停地“扰乱”“麻烦”,使人不能安宁而产生烦恼的心理。
3.2 C 句意:——你为什么这么沮丧?——我儿子在学校的行为让我很烦恼。据此排除A、B两项。annoy指外界的干扰令人讨厌或无法忍受,或指某人故意去妨碍别人。disturb指使正常秩序或一时的安定受到破坏,精力一时不能集中。
3.3 C 句意:妈妈轻轻地打开门以避免惊醒熟睡的孩子。upset“使不安”;interrupt“打断某人的话”;disturb指使正常秩序或一时的安定受到破坏或精力一时不能集中。
4.1 D 本题考查词义辨析。句意:他被警察拦住,警察询问了他的姓名和住址。demand表示有正当权利的要求,因此含有“坚决或强烈要求”的意思。require表示“要求所必需的东西;法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求”。request则表示“有礼貌的请求或正式的请求”。
4.2 B 本题考查词义辨析。demand表示有正当权利的要求,因此含有“坚决或强烈要求”的意思。require表示“要求所必需的东西;法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求”。request则表示“有礼貌地请求或正式的请求”。
4.3 A 本句中it作形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语。谓语动词是is required,从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形。第二空前有seldom,其位于句首时句子要倒装。
4.4 A 本题考查固定短语meet one's demand/need“满足某人的需求”。
4.5 B one's demand for sth.为固定搭配,表示“对……的要求”,requirement for sth.意为“为满足某目的所必需的东西”。
5.1 A 句意:我邀请他参加我聚会,可是他拒绝来。decline“辞谢,婉言谢绝”,指有礼貌地、语气委婉地拒绝,主要用于拒绝有关社交活动的邀请或请求等。而且refuse后面不能使用ing形式,故答案为A项。
5.2(1)罗马帝国的衰落 (2)开始衰落 (3)在衰退中 (4)晚年 (5)下降 (6)拒绝
6.1 A 句意:在火车站妈妈和女儿挥手再见直到火车看不见。out of sight“看不见,在视野之外”,符合题意。
6.2 C sight“风景”;look“表情”;sign“迹象,现象”;appearance“出现,显露”。
6.3 A 句意:一看到血就让他恶心。the sight of...一看到……符合题意。
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