《阅读理解特训：3真2模含解析》2016届高三英语二轮突破52
阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Physical fitness refers to good health, and is the result of regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition, and proper rest for physical recovery. A person who is physically fit will be able to walk or run without getting breathless and he or she will be able to carry out the activities of everyday living and will not need help. How much each person can do will depend on their age and whether they are a man or woman. A physically fit person usually has a normal weight for height. The relation between height and weight is called the Body Mass Index. A taller person can be heavier and still be fit. If a person is too heavy or too thin for the height it may affect the health.
Mental health refers to a person's emotional and psychological well-being. "A state of emotional and psychological well-being in which an individual is able to use his or her thinking and emotional (feeling) abilities, function in society, and meet the ordinary demands of everyday life."
One way to think about mental health is by looking at how well a person functions. Feeling capable and efficient, being able to handle normal levels of stress, having good friends and family, and leading an independent life, and being able to "bounce back," or recovering from hardships, are all signs of mental health.
Public Health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community, and does not help in long life or promote your health. This is fixed by organized efforts and choices of society, public and private clubs, communities and individuals.
It is about the health of many people, or everybody, rather than one person. Public health stops instead of encouraging a disease through surveillance (监督) of cases. To prevent being sick, it is good to do healthy behaviors, such as hand washing, vaccination programs and so on. When infectious diseases break out, washing hands may be especially important.
26. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Physical, Mental and Public Health B. Something about Health
C. Importance of Health D. Three healthy Lives
【答案】A
【解析】标题归纳题。根据Physical fitness refers to good healthMental health refers to a person's emotional and psychological well-being.及Public Health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community, and does not help in long life or promote your health.这是主题句，分别叙述了身体健康，精神健康及公共卫生，故选A。27. What does “Body Mass Index” in Paragraph 1 consist of?
A. Exercise, proper diet and nutrition B. Abilities, functions and demands
C. Recovery, independence and relation D. Height, weight and their relation.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据The relation between height and weight is called the Body Mass Index.
28. What are the signs of mental health?
A. Living an independent life and suffer from hardships.
B. Reducing normal levels of stress and handle "bounce back".
C. Increasing emotional demands and psychological well-being.
D. Living an independent life and own good friends and family.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据Feeling capable and efficient, being able to handle normal levels of stress, having good friends and family, and leading an independent life, and being able to "bounce back," or recovering from hardships, are all signs of mental health.29. Once Bird Flu takes place, that refers to ________.
A. the problem of physical health B. the problem of public health
C. the problem of mental health D. the importance of washing hands
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据Public Health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community It is about the health of many people, or everybody, rather than one person.公共健康不是指一个人的而是指一个社区或集体，禽流感的发生是由于公共健康的问题，故选B。
30. What can promote your body health according to the passage?
A. Family, society and individuals.
B. Private clubs, communities and individuals.
C. Regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition.
D. Hand washing, vaccination and other healthy behaviors.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据Physical fitness refers to good health, and is the result of regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition,
B
The best and worst part about being a twenty-something is that every decision you make can change the rest of your life. Once you're in your 30's or 40's, it gets harder and harder to reinvent yourself. So I made an interview with Dr. Meg Jay, the clinical psychologist. He explains why the twenties matter, and how to make the most of them.
In Dr. Meg Jay's opinion, our 20s are the defining decade of adulthood. 80% of life's most important moments take place by about age 35. And 2/3 of lifetime wage growth happens during the first ten years of a career. More than half of Americans are married or are dating or living with their future partner by age 30. Personality can change more during our 20s than at any other decade in life. Female fertility(生育能力) peaks at 28. The brain caps off (结束) its last major growth. When it comes to adult development, 30 is not the new 20. Even if you do nothing, not making choices is a choice all the same. Don't be defined by what you didn't know or didn't do.
On the other hand, I also ask him how the 20s track their progress toward their future goals and whether milestones like 21 and 30 are really important. Dr. Meg Jay think it absolutely important. Milestones--21, 25, 30, New Year's, birthdays, reunions--are important because they cause self-reflection. What he mentioned are as follows: Am I where I wanted to be by this age? Did I do what I said I would do this year? If not, why not. And if not now, when? A 20-year-old girl who interviewed me recently told me about a question she was advised to ask herself as she moved through adulthood: "If you keep living your life exactly as it is, where will you be in 3 years?" If you don't like the answer, now is the time to change course.
Surely the 20s are for experimenting, but not just with philosophies(人生观) and vacations and substances(物质). The 20s are your best chance to experiment with jobs and relationships. Then each move can be more intentional and more informed than the last.
31. Once you make a decision in your 20's, it will __________.
A. be the best part B. be the worst part
C. change your whole life D. affect your future life
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。第一段第一句every decision you make can change the rest of your life.32. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Decisive B. Describing
C. Explaining
D. changeable
【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。根据从后句 most important moments推出Decisive
33. What is the most changeable during the 20s according to the passage?
A. Career
B. Marriage
C. Character D. Philosophies
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。从第二段第五句：Personality can change more during our 20s than at any other decade in life可知答案。34. According to Paragraph 3, one reason why Dr. Meg Jay stresses the importance of 20s is that ______.
A. it is a milestone B. it tracks their progress
C. it leads to self-reflection D. it achieves their future goals
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。从第三句 cause self-reflection与之同义。
35. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The 20s are of importance, and how to make use of them.
B. The 20s can change the rest of your life.
C. The 20s are milestones to reach their future goals.
D. The 20s are the best chance to experiment.
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。答案重点在第一段可找到，但各段都按这个中心展开。C
Nowadays, there is a heated debate on whether pollutants should be cleaned in the air. Cleaning up the air, while good for our lungs, could make global warming worse. And the pollutants still go up around the air, along with carbon dioxide.
These pollutants are called aerosols (气溶粒) and they include soot as well as mixtures of nitrogen(氮) and sulfur(硫) and other stuff into the air. Natalie Mahowald, a climate researcher at Cornell University, says so far, scientists have mostly tried to understand what those aerosols do while they're actually in the air.
"There are so many different kinds of aerosols," she says. "Some warm and some cool. But in fact, humans are giving out a lot of extra aerosols, and they tend to cool for the most part."
The aerosols reflect sunlight back into space, or keep us cool. But it turns out that's not all they do. These aerosols also influence how much carbon dioxide gets drawn out of the air by plants on land and in the sea.
"They can add nutrients, for example, to the oceans or to the land," Mahowald says. "But also while they're in the atmosphere they can change the climate, and thus that also can influence the amount of carbon, the land or the ocean can take up. So there are quite a few different ways that aerosols can act on each other."
Mahowald's results suggest that reducing those pollutants could be an even bigger problem than realized, when you consider that aerosols help remove carbon dioxide from the air by encouraging plant growth. Hard numbers on this effect are highly uncertain at the moment, but this could turn out to be quite significant.
And studying it is not easy because the effects aren't well understood. For example, nitrogen can be a fertilizer (肥料), but it can stop plant growing when nitrogen comes out of the air in acid form.
Right now it seems like we're much more likely to clean up aerosol pollution, while increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. So scientists, unfortunately, may have a chance to see whether this experiment on our planet should continue or not.
36. From Paragraph 2, we know that
.
A. scientists have been aware of how aerosols work
B. Natalie Mahowald is an expert in climate
C. cleaning up the air is so popular
D. pollutants are under control so far
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第二句Natalie Mahowald的同位语a climate researcher at Cornell University可知Natalie MahowaldB。
37. What is Natalie Mahowald's opinion on those aerosols?
A. Aerosols can influence each other in various ways.
B. All the aerosols will cool the earth.
C. Aerosols can add nutrients to human beings.
D. Any kind of aerosols will warm the earth.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段Some warm and some cool得知，BD选项错误, 与Some不符。从第五段的to the oceans，得知C也不对。由第五段最后一句aerosols can act on each other气溶粒A。
38. Why is it important for scientists to get accurate numbers according to the passage?
A. Scientists have a chance to research them.B. They can bring scientists much more benefit.
C. Scientists can protect the earth from being polluted
D. They can help scientists understand the effects better.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。从第六段最后一句和第七段开头句可推出D正确。其他选项与题目没有直接的因果关系39. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?
A. Scientists will be in a dilemma.
B. The experiment will be successful.
C. Scientists will carry out the experiment.
D. Scientists have difficulty in the experiment.
【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。从第七段开头句和第八段最后一句should continue or not应不应该进行。说明研究的左右为难。故A最合适。而D选项属于事实题，不是暗示推理题。
40. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
A. Pollutants in the Air.
B. The Experiment on the Planet
C. The Reason for Global Warming
D. The Influence of Aerosols
【答案】D
【解析】标题归纳题。全文以Aerosols为中心，说明它的影响。故D正确。其他选项要么范围太大要么太小，不够全面。气溶粒
D
If you're someone who is eager to do something beyond the ordinary, you must have figured out by now that there will always be those who are jealous or resentful(怨恨) of your success.
It doesn't matter that you've worked long and hard to get where you are, nor that you've made great sacrifices in achieving your goals. The "haters" will always find a reason to speak ill of you and even condemn you.
They're spiteful (恨的) people who envy you the pride you have in yourself and the recognition you're receiving from others. They can't stand it that you're happy, fulfilled and achieving your goals.
These hateful individuals are unwilling to do the work that you've done. They hate your success but are too lazy to invest real time or energy in achieving their own goals.
The thing you need to know about these haters is that the only reason they behave this way is that you have something they want, but they aren't willing to work for it.
The haters are convinced that you've been lucky or that you've had some unfair advantage, but the truth is that your success is born of your untiring efforts, and it's these efforts that have brought about your "luck."
The best way to deal with haters is what I call the "one-two punch." First, don't let them hurt you. Be happy about your success and proud of your accomplishments. Company with those who approve you, recognize you and support you, and never doubt that you deserve all the success. The haters are angry, jealous people. What they think or say is meaningless.
Next, the more the haters annoy you, the more you should be motivated to succeed. They want to ruin you, but your response should be to work that much harder in order to increase your level of success.
When your reaction to their bad behavior has inspired you to achieve further success, you've transformed the haters' negativity (消极) into fuel for your creative fires. Not only can they not hurt you but they've inspired you onto even greater heights by chance. 41. Why will the "haters" always find a reason to speak ill of you?
A. They care more about you. B. You always work too hard.
C. You are lazy but proud. D. They envy you the success.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。题目在第二段命题，答案在第三四段出现，D选项为直接的因果关系。42. In haters' opinion, one reason why they don't hate is that__________.
A. you achieve your goals B. they can't bear your delight
C. they deserve what you own
D. you make unlimited efforts
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。C选项与第五段that you have something they want but they aren't willing to work for it相符，不是他们所恨的。43. According to the passage, one of the best ways to deal with haters is __________.
A. to get rid of them B. to work even harder
C. to share the happiness D. to motivate them
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。They want to ruin you, but your response should be to work that much harder in order to increase your level of success.处理恨最好的方式是更加努力地工作，故选B。
44. What 's the author's attitude to the "haters"?
A. supportive.
B. sympathetic.
C. angry.
D. Critical.
【答案】D
【解析】态度推理题。从全文作者的语气和最后一段可推出，D选项正确。critical批评的。
45. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph?
A. to encourage those who are envied.
B. To present an active opinion.
C. To teach haters a lesson. D. To give information about success.
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。从最后一段的关键词“inspired”可推断A正确。这从该段开头句和后一句的大意：你对待敌意的方式会激励你取得更大的成就，这些欺负你的人再也伤不了你，反而会鞭策你更上一层楼。A。