《阅读理解特训：3真2模含解析》2016届高三英语二轮突破50
阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B/C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
We live in central Phoenix, near the canal. Every day I used to see a homeless old man and his scruffy little dog hanging out down there.
I would tell my husband we should give him food for the little dog. It wouldn't have been a problem; we have our own "mini farm" of animals! But he would say "OK!" and then blow the idea off because of our business.
Being in Phoenix, Arizona, you can just imagine how hot it gets here, but his winter was really chilly! I had just come from KFC with take-out food for dinner. As I was turning by the canal, the man and his dog were sitting right there all bundled up. Even the doggy had a coat on! Not even thinking about it, I pulled into the parking lot along the canal and piled up a plate of chicken with al the fixings for the man and his little buddy. I gave it to him with a soda and a bottle of water for the little dog. He said, "Thank you, sweetie. You are an angel." And there were tears welling up in his eyes! I told him he ws so welcome, and then went home.
When my husband dug into the KFC gag he asked, "Were you hungry, or what?" I told him what I did and he said, "Only you!" Then he told me I had done a good thing.
A few weeks later, we were walking along the canal and found the man walking to me, with his little dog. He asked whether I would mind adopting the dog. With tears in eyes, he said it had gotten too hard for him to care for the dog. He added that he was planning on heading to Washington State but his dog wouldn't have been up to it, so he hoped to give it to me. "Only you! In this city, you are the only person I can believe in!"
Now, every time I watch and pat the puppy lying near the fireplace, I will recall the old man's words and wish him good luck.
The author and her husband didn't kelp the old man at the beginning because _______
A.they had a farm of animals to feed
B.they didn't have food even for themselves.
C.they worked busily and often forget it.
D.they were unwilling to help a man with a dog.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由“But he would say "OK!" and then blow the idea off because of our business.”可知我们一开始没有帮助老人是因为生意太忙，而忘记了。故选C。
What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 3?
A. She gave the old man some food on a cold day.
B. She met the old man after finishing her dinner.
C. She offered the old man nothing but chicken.
D. She burst into tears after helping the old man.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由“I pulled into the parking lot along the canal and piled up a plate of chicken with al the fixings for the man and his little buddy. I gave it to him with a soda and a bottle of water for the little dog.”可知在那个寒冷的日子，作者给了老人一些食物。
What did the author's husband feel when she told him what she had done?
A. Grateful.
B. Delighted
C. Indifferent
D. Disappointed
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由“Then he told me I had done a good thing.”可知作者的丈夫为她所做的事情感到高兴。故选B。
Why did the old man hope to give the dog to the author?
A. Because he knew thee author was also a dog lover.
B. Because the author was the person he could trust.
C. Because the author was the only person he knew.
D. Because he believed that his dog liked the author.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由"Only you! In this city, you are the only person I can believe in!"可知老人把狗给她，是因为她是老人信任的人。故选B。
What can we infer from the ending of the passage?
A. The author refused the old man's request.
B. The author misses the old man and his dog.
C. The author feels the old man was very lucky.
D. The author adopted the old man's dog.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。由最后一段“……every time I watch and pat the puppy lying near the fireplace,……”可知作者收养了老人的狗。故选D.
B
Parents need to be good role models to help their children make sensible financial decisions, according to Adam Hancock and his team, from East Caronlina University in the US. Their work highlights that parents who argue about finances contribute to increasing credit card debt among their children during their students years. Their work is published online in Springer's Journal of Family and Economic Issues.
Credit card debt among college students has been a growing concern for researchers and policymakers over the last decade. In addition, there is growing concern among educators that more students are dropping out of school, not because of academic failure, but because of financial reasons, and credit card especially. Hancock and colleagues' study is the first to examine how parental interactions, and financial knowledge and attitudes may have a cumulative effect（累积效应）on the number of credit cards students own and their level of credit card debt.
The researchers analyzed data for 420 undergraduate students from seven different American universities, who took part in the College Student Financial Literacy Survey. According to the online survey, nearly two-thirds of students had a credit card, and nearly a third had more than one. Those students who reported that their parents argued about finances were more likely to have more than two cards than the students whose parents who did not argue about finances.
In terms of debt, those students who had two or more credit cards were nearly three times more likely to report having credit card debt over ＄500.
The researchers conclude, "It is clear that the influence of parents cannot be neglected. Researchers, educators and policymakers should work in finding effective ways to increase the positive financial behaviors fo college students. We need to help students learn financial skills and establish healthy financial attitudes at earlier ages to prevent poor financial habits from taking root."
In Adam Hancock's research, student's credit card debt is related to their _________.
A.knowledge
B.concerns
C.school
D.parents
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由“Their work highlights that parents who argue about finances contribute to increasing credit card debt among their children during their students years.”可知学生的信用卡债务和他们的父母有关。故选D。
When college students have credit card debt, they may ________.
A.quit school
B.fail in their exams
C.study financial knowledge
D.have more credit cards
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由“there is growing concern among educators that more students are dropping out of school, not because of academic failure, but because of financial reasons, and credit card especially.”可知大学生有信用卡债务时，他们就可能退学。故选A。
What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A. More than 400 students i a university took the survey.
B. The survey was conducted with the paper questionnaire.
C. Nearly all the students in this survey have credit cards.
D. Students have fewer cards if their parents argue more.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由“According to the online survey, nearly two-thirds of students had a credit card, and nearly a third had more than one.”可知在调查中，几乎所有学生都有信用卡。故选C。
If you have two or more credit cards, you are more likely to ________.
A.get wealthy
B.have argument
C.buy more things
D.become in debt
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由“In terms of debt, those students who had two or more credit cards were nearly three times more likely to report having credit card debt over ＄500.”说明如果你有两个或两个以上的信用卡，你更有可能负债。故选D。
As a student, what can yo learn from the passage?
A. We need to turn to our parents when we have credit card debt.
B. We should build correct financial attitudes when we are young.
C. We shouldn't have credit cards so that we can avoid argument.
D. We can have more credit cards to make life more comfortable.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由“We need to help students learn financial skills and establish healthy financial attitudes at earlier ages to prevent poor financial habits from taking root.”可知我们在小的时候就应该树立正确的财政态度。故选B。
C
If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise—and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character. (The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.) Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off—was observed I some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds. Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age—using the head. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant. Matsuzawa’s findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. “The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain,” he says, “Think hard and engage in conversation. Don’t rely on pocket calculators.” 36. The team of doctors wanted to find out ________. A. why certain people age sooner than others
B. how to make people live longer C. the size of certain people’s brains
D. which people are most intelligent
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由第二段“Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.”可知医生们想要研究出为什么一些人比其他人老得更快。 37. On what are their research findings based? A. A survey of farmers in northern Japan.
B. Tests performed on a thousand old people. C. The study of brain volumes of different people
D. The latest development of computer technology.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由“he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.”可知选C。 38. The doctor’s test show that ________. A. our brains shrink as we grow older
B. the front section of the brain does not shrink C. sixty-year-olds have the better brains than thirty-year-olds D. some people’s brains have contracted more than other people’s.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由“The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.”可知医生们的测试发现，一般而言，乡下人比城镇里的人的大脑收缩的更早。故选D。 39. The word “subjects” in Paragraph 5 means ________. A. something to be considered
B. branches of knowledge studied C. persons chosen to be studied in an experiment D. any member of a state except the supreme ruler.
【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。由“……but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds.”可知“subjects”指的是被选入实验中做研究的人。故选C。 40. According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others? A. Lawyers.
B. Farmers.
C. Clerks.
D. Shop assistants.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由“Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers,……”可知律师变老的风险最小。故选A。
D
The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, "High school English teachers are not doing their jobs." He described the inadequacies of his students, all high school graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this grade 9 level had been established. My topic is not standards nor its decline（降低）. What the speaker was really saying is that eh is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult. My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies（缺陷）. But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack. The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate. Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today's young people, it naturally follows that today's English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. Otherwise, young people would not have a poor command of English. 41. The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that ________. A. the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to that t of the older generation B. the students had a poor command of English because they didn't work hard enough C. he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen years D. English teachers should be held responsible for the students' poor command of English
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由“High school English teachers are not doing their jobs.”可知作者提到的说话人认为，英语老师应该为学生的英语不好负责。故选D。 42. In the author's opinion, the speaker _______. A. gave a correct judgment of the English level of the students B. had exaggerated （夸张）the language problems of the students C. was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobs D. could think and speak intelligently
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由“As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect.”可知作者认为发言者夸张了学生的语言问题。故选B。 43. The author's attitude towards the speaker's remarks is _______. A. neutral
B. positive
C. critical
D. compromising
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。A.中立的；B.肯定的；C.批评的；D.妥协的。由“Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect.”可知作者不同意发言者的评论。故选C。 44. It can be concluded from the passage that ______. A. it is justifiable to include English as a school subject B. the author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 level C. English language teaching is by no means an easy job D. Language improvement needs time and effort
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。“Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years,……”说明成年人的语言能力是经过了多年的发展的，所以语言教学绝不是一项简单的工作。故选C。 45. In the passage the author argues that ______. A. it is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of the students B) young people would not have a poor command of English if the teachers did their jobs properly C) to get rid of language deficiencies one must have sensitive eyes and ears D) to improve the standard of English requires the effort of several generations
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由“Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today's young people, it naturally follows that today's English teachers cannot be doing their jobs.”可知作者认为，因学生语言上的不足而责备英语老师是不公平的。