（3年高考2年模拟）2016届高三英语二轮突破 阅读理解特训49（含解析）

　　《阅读理解特训：3真2模含解析》2016届高三英语二轮突破49

　　阅读理解(共20小题；每小题分，满分40分）

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　My grandparents actively practiced simplicity. They both grew up in very large families and lived through the Great Depression. Saving for a rainy day and avoiding superfluous consuming was their life philosophy. Rather than seeking fulfillment through material items, they chose to spend really simple life together, with family and in nature.

　　Over the years my grandparents noticed dramatic changes in their community. Every year more farmland was destroyed to build larger and larger homes. As real estate prices rose, many of their neighbors sold their little homes and land. Soon theirs were the only small house on the block, surrounded by a sea of mansions. My grandparents built and lived m a small 600-square-foot cottage for most of their adult lives. Lots of family members encouraged my grandparents to expand their little old house. But they didn’t want a bigger place. They loved their little house and were content with what they had.

　　My grandparents avoided consumptive(浪费的）lifestyle by painting and repairing the house themselves. They lived in a small home, but had a huge garden. They loved gardening and planting because it reduced their grocery bill, improved their health, and gave them an excuse to be outside. They also reused and recycled everything. For instance, they had driven the same car for over 15 years and didn’t buy a new one until the old Chevrolet was worn out.

　　Through their example I learned an important lesson: It is possible to live a simple and fulfilling life. My grandparents taught me that living a simple life isn’t about self-deprivation. Instead, it’s about giving yourself the time, freedom, and money to pursue your dreams. Becoming debt free, downsizing to a smaller home, and going car-lite(减少用车频率）are a few ways to take control of your life and start pursuing your dreams.

　　26.The underlined word superfluous in Paragraph I is closest in meaning to _____.

　　A. meaningful

　　B. unnecessary

　　C. increasing D. troublesome

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】词义猜测题。A。有意义的；B。不必要的，多余的；C。渐增的；D。麻烦的，令人苦恼的。由“My grandparents avoided consumptive(浪费的）lifestyle”可知他们避免不必要的消费。故选B。

　　27.The community’s changes include all the following EXCEPT that _____

　　A. the people built more farmland

　　B. the neighbors sold their houses

　　C. the houses became more expensive

　　D. many mansions were built there

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“Every year more farmland was destroyed to build larger and larger homes.”可知社区的改变不包括建造更多的农田。故选A。

　　28.The author’s grandparents didn’t expand their house because _____.

　　A. they didn’t accept the family members'1 advice

　　B. their house were really new and large enough

　　C. they were satisfied with the house they lived in

　　D. they were too old to do any house-building job

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“They loved their little house and were content with what they had.”可知原因是他们对自己住的房子很满意。故选C。

　　29. Which of the following is a consumptive lifestyle in the grandparents ，opinion?

　　A. Repairing the house themselves. B. Planting vegetables in the garden.

　　C. Reusing and recycling things. D. Changing cars in a short time.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“For instance, they had driven the same car for over 15 years and didn’t buy a new one until the old Chevrolet was worn out.”可知他们认为在短时间内换车是浪费的。

　　30.The author thinks his grandparents, lifestyle is _____.

　　A. unacceptable B. approvable C. unreasonable D. understandable

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。A。不能接受的；B。可赞同的；C。不合理的，不切实际的；D。可以理解的。由“My grandparents taught me that living a simple life isn’t about self-deprivation. Instead, it’s about giving yourself the time, freedom, and money to pursue your dreams.”可知选B。

　　B

　　If you are planning to study in the United States, you need to consider several factors. Everyone has different opinions about where is the best place to live in. Also, the best places to live in are not always home to the best schools. Finally, many schools specialize in different areas of study. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (麻省理工学院)，for example, is a great school for computer science and technology-related fields of study. However, if you want to study oceanography(海、洋学)，your interests may be better served by attending school in a place that is on a coastline or near the ocean.

　　Now I am sure that you know which schools are considered the best in the country. So I will tell you about which states I believe are the best to live in.

　　California is a nice state. Northern California specifically has very good weather. Los Angeles in Southern California is another story though. Life in Los Angeles is full of excitement and fast, and sometimes dangerous. As for me, I enjoy the time I spent in Massachusetts, Virginia and Maryland and these states have a lot of history and culture. The weather is not as perfect as Northern California, but it is still quite nice. My favorite area of America is the Mid-west. Middle America, I think, is home to the true American sense of values. In addition, there are many good universities there.

　　Also, you need to think about your likes and dislikes and then research the various states. You like sunshine and hate snow? Then you probably won't like the Midwest or even the Northeast. Open space, nature and peace and quiet? Then you probably should stay away from America's large cities. Are you interested in government? Then Washington D.C. is the only place for you. Whatever you decide, put some thought into it. The place you live in could be the difference between a great study-abroad experience and a state of great suffering on earth.

　　31.From the first paragraph we can conclude that in the USA _____.

　　A. all colleges and universities lie in big cities

　　B. all colleges and universities lie in beautiful places

　　C. famous colleges and universities lie in nice places

　　D. famous colleges and universities may not lie in nice places

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“the best places to live in are not always home to the best schools.”可知好大学不一定位于好的地方。故选D。

　　32. What, according to the writer, should be considered first if you want to study in the USA?

　　A. The climate. B. The scenery. C. The study condition. D. The living condition.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】细节理解题。由第一，二段可知，作者认为想去美国学习首先应考虑学习环境。

　　33.From the third paragraph we can find that _____.

　　A. California is the best place to live in

　　B. California is the worst place to live in

　　C. California is a state with different climates

　　D. California is a small state in the USA

　　【答案】c

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“Northern California specifically has very good weather. ”和“The weather is not as perfect as Northern California, but it is still quite nice.”可知加利福尼亚州有不同的气候。

　　34.If you study in Middle America, you can probably _____.

　　A. find the best universities B. feel the real character of the nation

　　C. meet the most famous professors there D. face more difficulties

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“Middle America, I think, is home to the true American sense of values.”可知选B。

　　35.From the last paragraph of this passage we can get to know that .

　　A. Washington is the largest city in the USA

　　B. Washington D.C. is the political centre of the USA

　　C. you can't find sunshine in the Midwest

　　D. you can't find any universities out of big cities in the USA

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“Are you interested in government? Then Washington D.C. is the only place for you.”华盛顿是美国的政治中心。故选B。

　　C

　　Advice to “sleep on it” could be well founded, scientists say. After a good night’s sleep a problem that seemed impossible to solve the night before can often appear easier, although no evidence has proved this by now. But researchers at the University of Luebek in Germany have designed an experiment that shows a good night’s sleep can improve insight(洞察力）and problem-solving. “If you have some newly acquired memories in your brain, sleep acts on these memories, restructures(重构）them, so that after sleep the insight into a problem which you could not solve before increases,” said Dr. Jan Bom, a neuroscientist, at the university. To test the theory, they taught volunteers two simple rules to help them put a string of numbers into a new order. There was also a third, hidden rule, which could help them increase their speed in solving the problem. The researchers divided the volunteers into two groups, half were allowed to sleep after the training while the remainders were forced to stay awake. Bom and his team noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as likely to figure out the third rule as the other group. “Sleep helped,” Bom said in a telephone interview. “The important thing is that you have to have a memory representation in your brain of the problem you want to solve and then you sleep, so it can act on the problem.” But Bom admitted that he and his team don’t know how restructuring of memories occurs or what governs it or in which stage of sleep it works. Pierre Marquette and Pierre Ruby of the University of Liege in Belgium said the experimental evidence supports the suggestions that sleep can promote creative thinking. Although the role of sleep in human creativity will still be a mystery, the research gives people good reason to fully respect their periods of sleep, they added.

　　36.The underlined phrase “sleep on it” in the first line probably means _____.

　　A. to put something aside to be solved until the next day

　　B. to get as much sleep as possible

　　C. to go on sleeping without being disturbed

　　D. to sleep till you get up the next morning

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】词义猜测题。由“After a good night’s sleep a problem that seemed impossible to solve the night before can often appear easier,”可知选A。

　　37.Jan Bom and his team carried out the experiment through _____

　　A. comparison B. interview C. survey D. imagination

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“The researchers divided the volunteers into two groups, half were allowed to sleep after the training while the remainders were forced to stay awake. Bom and his team noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as likely to figure out the third rule as the other group.”可知他们是通过比较来开展的实验。故选A。

　　38.It can be inferred from the passage that _____.

　　A. people should sleep so long as they have time

　　B. sleep is the only way to solve hard problems

　　C. people have various periods of sleep

　　D. people know how sleep restructures memories

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】推理判断题。由“But Bom admitted that he and his team don’t know how restructuring of memories occurs or what governs it or in which stage of sleep it works.”可知人们有不同的睡眠阶段。故选C。

　　39. What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. How Sleep Works B. Sleep Helps Solve Problems

　　C. No Evidence, But Well Founded D. Bom’s Discovery On Sleep

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】标题归纳题。

　　40. Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?

　　A. A science fiction. B. A book review.

　　C. An advertisement. D. A newspaper.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】推理判断题。本文主要讲的是科学家的一项新的发现，以及有关的实验。所以最可能出自报纸。故选D。

　　D

　　Community theatre is a theatre that is run by a local district with the efforts of volunteers. They offer many different kinds of productions, such as musical theatre, dance theatre and children’s theatre. Usually, performers are amateurs who receive no pay, but at other times professionals get involved, and they are paid. Community theatres of today are a little different ftom the old “little theatres”，as most are simply run by colleges and their theatre departments. Community theatres are a great way to get involved with local actors. Now, most theatres put on shows that will entertain or benefit the community.

　　In the 1880s, “little theatre” was started in Europe so that poor people could see theatrical productions without having to travel far or pay a lot. In 1910，this idea traveled to the United States. In the early years, community theatres were even funded by the government, but when shows became too political, government funding was stopped.

　　Community theatres of today are a little different from the old “little theatres”，as most simply want to infuse little culture into the lives of the local citizens. In many cases, these theatres are run by colleges and their theatre departments. These productions are often free of charge, or charge very little money to pay for costumes and other incidental expenses. Many also encourage the participation of children and other young people to let them develop theatrical skills, as well as to keep them busy so that they do not choose to get into trouble. Additionally, for those who desire strongly to become professional actors and to one day get a chance to act in a national theatre production, it is an exciting place to learn and develop theatrical skills.

　　41. Why was “little theatre” started in Europe?

　　A. To put on shows for children.

　　B. To collect money for poor people.

　　C. To entertain poor people.

　　D. To get people interested in theatrical productions.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“‘little theatre”’was started in Europe so that poor people could see theatrical productions without having to travel far or pay a lot.”可知，是为了让穷人娱乐。故选C。

　　42. From the passage we know that community theatres can _____.

　　A. help young people make more money

　　B. prevent young people getting into trouble

　　C. help young people enter the colleges

　　D. encourage young people to become more responsible

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“Many also encourage the participation of children and other young people to let them develop theatrical skills, as well as to keep them busy so that they do not choose to get into trouble.”可知社区剧院可以防止年轻人惹事。故选B。

　　43. Which of the following is TRUE about community theatre?

　　A. It is usually funded by the government.

　　B. It is intended to train professional actors.•

　　C. It benefits the community in many ways.

　　D. It is quite different from the old “little theatres”.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】推理判断题。由“Many also encourage the participation of children and other young people to let them develop theatrical skills, as well as to keep them busy so that they do not choose to get into trouble.”可知社区剧院在许多方面给社区带来利益。故选C。

　　44.Which of the followings is closest in meaning to the underlined word “infuse” in Para. 3?

　　A. get rid of B. fill with

　　C. cut down D. full of

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】词义猜测题。A。摆脱，除去；B。充入，装满；C.削减，砍倒，删节； D。装满。由上下文可知，它们想灌输一点文化到当地公民的生活中。

　　45.We can infer from the last paragraph that _____.

　　A. some professional actors may come from the community theatres

　　B. community theatres only charge for incidental expenses

　　C. community theatres have lost their attraction today

　　D. people can live by acting in the community theatres

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】判断推理题。由“for those who desire strongly to become professional actors and to one day get a chance to act in a national theatre production, it is an exciting place to learn and develop theatrical skills.” 可知一些专业演员可能出自社区剧院。故选A。