（3年高考2年模拟）2016届高三英语二轮突破 阅读理解特训14（含解析）

　　《阅读理解特训：3真2模含解析》2016届高三英语二轮突破14

　　C7 [2016·陕西卷]

　　C

　　According to sociologists(社会学家), every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(阶层)．Class, power and status are important in deciding people's rank in society.

　　Class means a person's economic position in society.A commonly used classification is lower class, middle class and upper class.While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined, they do describe societies like the United States quite well.One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class, 46% the middle class, and 1% the upper class.Interestingly, a surgeon earning $ 500，000 a year and a bus driver earning $ 50，000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!

　　Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.Obviously, people in positions of great power(such as governors) exercise(行使) big power, but people who take orders from others have less power.Power and class do not always go hand in hand, however.For example, the governor of a state has great power, but he or she may not belong to a corresponding(相应的) economic class.Generally, however, there is a relationship between power and class. To our knowledge, there aren't too many people who aren't millionaires in the U．S.Senate!

　　Status is the honor or respect attached to a person's position in society.It can also be affected by power and class, but not necessarily so.For example, a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.

　　54．What can we learn about “the middle class” from Paragraph 2?

　　A．People earning $50，000 a year belong to the middle class.

　　B．Nearly half Americans belong to the middle class.

　　C．People generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.

　　D．Sociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.

　　55．According to the text, we know that

　　________．

　　A．power and class do not always correspond with each other

　　B．status refers to a person's economic position in society

　　C．people with high status have a lot of control over others

　　D．class is less important in deciding a person's social rank

　　56．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?

　　　A．

　　　B.

　　　C．

　　　D.

　　【要点综述】 本文说明了一个社会现象：每个现代工业社会都有其社会阶层。阶级﹑权力和社会地位是判断一个人的社会阶层的重要标准。

　　54．B　推理判断题。由第二段倒数第二句中的“…46% the middle class”一句可知在美国，有差不多一半的人属于中产阶级，选B。

　　55．A　细节理解题。由第三段中的“Power and class do not always go hand in hand, however.”可知，权力和阶级并不总是保持一致。选A。

　　56．A　篇章结构题。本文第一段是主题段，“Class, power and status are important in deciding people's rank in society.”是本文的主题句，后三段分别从这三个方面来论述，故本篇文章是总分的结构。选A。

　　C7 [2016·四川卷]

　　D

　　Home to me means a sense of familiarity and nostalgia(怀旧)．It's fun to come home. It looks the same. It smells the same. You'll realize what's changed is you. Home is where we can remember pain，love，and some other experiences：We parted here; My parents met here; I won three championships here.

　　If I close my eyes, I can still have a clear picture in mind of my first home. I walk in the door and see a brown sofa surrounding a low glass－top wooden table. To the right of the living room is my first bedroom. It's empty，but it's where my earliest memories are.

　　There is the dining room table where I celebrated birthdays, and where I cried on Halloween—when I didn't want to wear the skirt my mother made for me.I always liked standing on that table because it made me feel tall and strong. If I sit at this table, I can see my favorite room in the house，my parents' room. It is simple: a brown wooden dresser lines the right side of the wall next to a television and a couple of photos of my grandparents on each side. Their bed is my safe zone. I can jump on it anytime—waking up my parents if I am scared or if I have an important announcement that cannot wait until the morning.

　　I'm lucky because I know my first home still exists. It exists in my mind and heart, on a physical property(住宅)on West 64th street on the western edge of Los Angeles. It is proof I lived, I grew, and I learned.

　　Sometimes when I feel lost，I lie down and shut my eyes, and I go home. I know it's where I'll find my

　　family，my dogs, and my belongings.I purposely leave the window open at night because I know I'll be blamed by Mom. But I don't mind, because I want to hear her say my name，which reminds me I'm home.

　　43．Why does the author call her parents' bed her “safe zone”(Paragraph 3)?

　　A．It is her favorite place to play.

　　B. Her needs can be satisfied there.

　　C. Her grandparents' photos are lined on each side.

　　D. Her parents always play together with her there.

　　44．What can be learned from the passage?

　　A. The old furniture is still in the author's first bedroom.

　　B. The author can still visit her first physical home in Los Angeles.

　　C. The author's favorite room in her first home is the dining room.

　　D. Many people of the author's age can still find their first physical homes.

　　45．Sometimes when she feels lost，the author will

　　________．

　　A. open the window at night

　　B. lie down in bed to have a dream

　　C. try to bring back a sense of home

　　D. go to Los Angeles to visit her mom

　　46．What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?

　　A. To express how much she is attached to her home.

　　B. To declare how much she loves her first house.

　　C. To describe the state of her family.

　　D. To look back on her childhood.

　　【要点综述】 这是一篇记叙文。作者采用回忆的手法，描写了对家的记忆和感怀。

　　43．B　推理判断题。根据第三段“Their bed is my safe zone.I can jump on it anytime—waking up my parents if I am scared or if I have an important announcement that cannot wait until the morning.”可知，他们的床是作者的安全地带，如果作者害怕的话，随时可以跳上床——叫醒父母；如果作者有重要的事要宣告，不必等到早上(作者可以随时叫醒父母)。故可以判断选B。

　　44．B　推理判断题。根据第四段“I'm lucky because I know my first home still exists.It exists in my mind and heart, on a physical property(住宅)on West 64th street on the western edge of Los Angeles.It is proof I lived, I grew, and I learned.”可知，作者很幸运，因为作者知道她的第一个家仍然存在，它存在于她的头脑和心里。故可以判断选B。

　　45．C　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Sometimes when I feel lost, I lie down and shut my eyes, and I go home.I know it's where I'll find my family, my dogs, and my belongings.”可知，有时，当作者感到失落，就躺下，闭上她的眼睛，回家。作者知道在那里她会找到她的家人、她的狗、她的财物及回家的感觉。故选C。

　　46．A　归纳概括题。文章通篇描绘对家的思念，落脚点在对家的无限牵挂上。故选A。

　　C7 [2016·天津卷]

　　C

　　Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours(绕行路) in life than by the narrow road toward goals.I like this image.But it was quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words.

　　For years we made the long drive from our home in Seattle to my parents' home in Boise in nine hours.We traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hate confinement(限制) and have strong opinions about everything.

　　Road trips felt risky，so I would drive fast, stopping only when I had to.We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired.

　　But then Banner, our lamb was born.He was rejected by his mama days before our planned trip to Boise.I had two choices: leave Banner with my husband, or take him with me.My husband made the decision for me.

　　That is how I found myself on the road with four kids, a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through.We took the country roads out of necessity.We had to stop every hour, let Banner shake out his legs and feed him.The kids chased him and one another.They'd get back in the car breathless and energized, smelling fresh from the cold air.

　　We explored side roads, catching grasshoppers in waist－high grass.Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother, or fish leaping out of the water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway.Here was life.And new horizons(见识)．

　　We eventually arrived at my parents' doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of stories.

　　I grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique.On an empty section of road, everyone started quarreling.I stopped the car, ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead.I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence.

　　Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight.But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of journey—and the best part of yourself.

　　46．Why did the author use to take freeways to her parents' home?

　　A．It was less tiring.

　　B．It would be faster and safer.

　　C．Her kids would feel less confined.

　　D．She felt better with other drivers nearby.

　　47．The author stopped regularly on the country roads to

　　________．

　　A．relax in the fresh air

　　B．take a deep breath

　　C．take care of the lamb

　　D．let the kids play with Banner

　　48．What does the author discover from the trip according to Paragraph 6?

　　A．Freeways are where beauty hides.

　　B．Getting close to nature adds to the joy of life.

　　C．Enjoying the beauty of nature benefits one's health.

　　D．One should follow side roads to watch wild animals.

　　49．Why did the author ask the kids to get out of the car on their way back home?

　　A．To give herself some time to read.

　　B．To order some food for them.

　　C．To play a game with them.

　　D．To let them cool down.

　　50．What could be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Charm of the Detour

　　B．The Road to Bravery

　　C．Creativity out of Necessity

　　D．Road Trip and Country Life

　　【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要通过作者的经历向读者解释了一个生活哲理：在实现目标的过程中通常我们要多绕一些路。在路上比我们直接到达目的地要收获更多的东西。

　　46．B　细节理解题。根据第二段“We traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy…”可知作者在回父母家的路上，为了早点到达而选择了高速，而一个女性单独带着四个孩子走高速也是为了安全。故选B。

　　47．C　细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“We had to stop every hour, let Banner shake out his legs and feed him.”可知，作者停下来是为了照顾小羊羔Banner。故选C。

　　48．B　推理判断题。根据作者在第六段的描述可知，作者沿着乡村小路走时，接近自然，既欣赏了美丽的景色，也为自己的旅程增加了快乐。故选B。

　　49．D　细节理解题。根据第八段“…everyone started quarreling…ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead.”可知，孩子们在车上争吵起来，作者命令他们下车，走着去前面找作者。这样做的目的是让孩子们冷静下来。故选D。

　　50．A　主旨大意题。作者在第一段借著名诗人William Stafford的话来揭示本文的主题：the detour。再根据下文的描述，展示了作者在乡村的路上获得的快乐，由此可知本文的题目既要有detour又要有与joy相关的词汇，选项A正好符合。

　　C7 [2016·天津卷]

　　D

　　When asked about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight, which seems to get rarer the older we get.

　　For kids, happiness has a magical quality.Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫无掩饰的)．

　　In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes.Suddenly it's conditional on such things as excitement, love and popularity.I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.

　　In adulthood the things that bring deep joy—love, marriage, birth—also bring responsibility and the risk of loss.For adults, happiness is complicated(复杂的)．

　　My definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”．The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are.It's easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.

　　I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday.First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch－box and had the house to myself.Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, which I love.When the kids and my husband came home, I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.

　　Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work.I don't think that my grandmother, who raised 14 children, had much of either.She did have a network of close friends and family, and maybe this is what satisfied her.

　　We, however, with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing we've got to have.We're so self－conscious about our “right” to it that it's making us miserable.So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things aren't necessarily happier.

　　Happiness isn't about what happens to us—it's about how we see what happens to us.It's the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative.It's not wishing for what we don't have, but enjoying what we do possess.

　　51．As people grow older, they

　　________．

　　A．feel it harder to experience happiness

　　B．associate their happiness less with others

　　C．will take fewer risks in pursuing happiness

　　D．tend to believe responsibility means happiness

　　52．What can we learn about the author from Paragraphs 5 and 6?

　　A．She cares little about her own health.

　　B．She enjoys the freedom of traveling.

　　C．She is easily pleased by things in daily life.

　　D．She prefers getting pleasure from housework.

　　53．What can be inferred from Paragraph 7?

　　A．Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happiness.

　　B．Psychologists' opinion is well proved by Grandma's case.

　　C．Grandma often found time for social gatherings.

　　D．Grandma's happiness came from modest expectations of life.

　　54．People who equal happiness with wealth and success ________．

　　A．consider pressure something blocking their way

　　B．stress their right to happiness too much

　　C．are at a loss to make correct choices

　　D．are more likely to be happy

　　55．What can be concluded from the passage?

　　A．Happiness lies between the positive and the negative.

　　B．Each man is the master of his own fate.

　　C．Success leads to happiness.

　　D．Happy is he who is content.

　　【要点综述】 本文是一篇议论文。幸福是什么？每个人在每个年龄阶段对这个问题有着不同的回答。儿时的幸福很简单，一辆新自行车就是幸福；少年时的幸福已经变了；成年时的幸福又不一样了。作者有着自己的幸福观。

　　51．A　推理判断题。通过第二、三、四段的描述可知，儿时的梦想很简单，青少年时幸福的概念就换了，而成年时幸福就变得复杂了，因此随着年龄的增长，人们发现体会幸福越来越难了。故选A。

　　52．C　推理判断题。根据第五段中的内容可知，作者说越享受自己拥有的，我们就会越幸福；第六段中作者用自己的体验叙述了作者经历的小小的幸福的时刻。因此可从第五、六段知道，作者很容易因生活中的一些小事而感到幸福。故选C。

　　53．D　细节理解题。第七段中说奶奶没有快乐的休闲时间，也没有令人满意的工作，但奶奶却有家人和朋友的密切的联系网，因此奶奶也很幸福。由此可知奶奶的幸福来自于对生活的朴素的期盼。故选D。

　　54．B　推理判断题。根据第八段中的内容，因为有那么多的选择、有想成功的压力，我们很多人把快乐变成了比我们所拥有的更想要的东西。而那些把幸福和财富以及成功等同起来的人，太过于看重自己拥有幸福的权利了。故选B。

　　55．D　主旨大意题。根据作者整篇文章的论述，作者旨在告诉我们幸福的人就是容易满足的人。故选D。