2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 2 English around the World词汇与短语
1.voyage
n.航行;航海
【常考用法】
make a voyage to the Pacific Ocean到太平洋航行
make a long sea voyage一次漫长的海上旅行
on a voyage from Yantai to Dalian
在从烟台到大连的航行中
go on a voyage去航行
【辨析】voyage,tour,travel,journey与trip
voyage 指不论距离长短的海上旅行或空中旅行
tour 指巡回旅行,常含有去不同的几个地方旅行之后又回到原出发地之意
travel 指长距离旅行或国外旅行
journey 常指远距离的陆上旅行,不含有回到原出发地之意
trip 指较短距离的旅行,常含有回到原出发地之意
2.because of
因为;由于
【常考用法】
because of the bad weather由于坏天气 because of ill health由于健康状况不佳
because of the heavy rain由于下大雨 because of his illness因为他生病
【短语链接】
due to因为
owing to因为
thanks to幸亏,由于
on account of因为
【十年高考链接】
(2007·浙江高考)The open-air celebration has been put off
the bad weather.
A.in case of B.in spite of C.instead of D.because of
答案:D
本题考查介词短语意义辨析。句意:因为坏天气,露天庆祝活动被推迟了。in case of以防万一;in spite of尽管;instead of代替;because of因为。
3.come up 走近;上来,(太阳、月亮等)升起;被提出;长出
【常考用法】
come up to your apartment到你的公寓来
come up at the meeting(问题)在会上被提出
【短语链接】
come up with想出(计划、回答) come about发生;产生
come along进展;进步;进行 come at向……接近;袭击;攻击
come out出现;开花;出版 come on快点;加油
come over过来;顺便来访 come to总计;总共;达到
come across偶遇;碰到 come true实现
【十年高考链接】
(1)(2016·新课标全国高考Ⅱ)Would you like to
with us to the film tonight?
A.come along B.come off C.come across D.come through
答案:A
首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。A项come along“一起来”;B项come off“成功;举行”;C项come across“偶遇;偶然发现”;D项come through“公开;公布;(健康)恢复”。题干的意思是:“今晚你想和我们一起去看电影吗?”根据with us及题意可知选A。
(2)(2012·浙江高考)— Alvin,are you coming with us?
— I’d love to,but something unexpected
A.has come up B.was coming up C.had come up D.would come up
答案:A
本题考查时态的用法。句意:“阿尔文,你要和我们一起来吗?”“我想来,但是发生了点意外情况。”现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或事情到现在为止且有可能持续下去,且对现在造成了一定的影响,符合语境,故答案选A。B项为过去进行时,表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作或所处的状态;C项为过去完成时,表示过去的过去;D项为过去将来时,表示过去将要发生的事情,均不符合语境,故排除。
(3)(2011·新课标全国高考)I can
the house being untidy,but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A.come up with B.put up with C.turn to D.stick to
答案:B
本题结合语境考查动词短语辨析。句意:我能忍受这套房子凌乱,但不喜欢它不干净。come up with找到(答案),想出(主意);put up with容忍,忍受;turn to转向,翻页,求助于;stick to坚持。多归类动词短语,了解它们的含义和用法区别是做此类题目的关键。
(4)(2011·天津高考)She
an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
A.turned down B.dealt with C.took after D.came across
答案:D
本题考查动词短语在具体语境中的应用。句意:昨天她在百货商店购物时偶遇了一位老朋友。turn down调低,拒绝;deal with处理,对付;take after与……相像;come across偶然碰到。根据句意可确定选D项。
(5)(2011·安徽高考)If you
faults but you still want the bicycle,ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A.come across B.care about C.look for D.focus upon
答案:A
本题考查动词短语的用法辨析。句意:如果你偶然发现些瑕疵而又还想要那辆自行车,你可以让店员降低价格。B项care about表示 “关心,在乎”, C项look for表示 “寻找”,D项focus upon表示“集中(注意力)”,这三项很明显与题意不符;只有A项come across“偶然发现,偶然遇见”符合题意。因此选A项。做对这类题目的关键是牢牢掌握动词短语的含义,并理解句子的含义。
(6)(2010·湖北高考)Had she
her promise,she would have made it to Yale University.
A.looked up to B.lived up to C.kept up with D.come up with
答案:B
句意:如果她不辜负自己的诺言,她就会考上耶鲁大学。look up to“尊敬,敬仰”;live up to“实践;做到;不辜负”;keep up with“赶上”;come up with“提出,想出”。由句意以及动词短语的含义可知,B项正确。
(7)(2007·江苏高考)—Have you
some new ideas?
—Yeah.I’ll tell you later.
A.come about B.come into C.come up with D.come out with
答案:C
本题考查动词短语意义辨析。come about发生;come into进入,得到;come up with想出;come out with发表,公布,说出。句意:“你想出新的主意了吗?”“是的,我过会儿告诉你。”
(8)(2006·天津高考)Most of us know we should cut down on fat,but knowing such things isn’t much help when it
shopping and eating.
A.refers to B.speaks of C.focuses on D.comes to
答案:D
本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意:我们绝大多数人都知道应该减肥,但是当谈及购物和吃的时候,知道这些没大有用。refer to提到,提及;speak of说起,评价;focus on集中注意力于;come to谈及,when it comes to当谈及……的时候,为固定句式,故D项正确。
(9)(2006·湖南高考)It’s already 10 o’clock.I wonder how it
that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A.came over B.came out C.came about D.came up
答案:C
本题考查动词短语意义辨析。how did it come about为固定句式,意为“怎么会……?”,故C项正确。
4.actually adv.实际上;事实上
【短语链接】
actually=in fact=in actual fact=as a matter of fact=in reality事实上;实际上
【十年高考链接】
(1)(2009·安徽高考)— Do you think it’s a good idea to make friends with your students?
—
,I do.I think it’s a great idea.
A.Really B.Obviously C.Actually D.Generally
答案:C
本题考查交际用语。句意:“你认为和你的学生交朋友是个好主意吗?”“是的,确实如此。我认为是个很好的主意。”由下句肯定回答可知,此处表示赞同对方的观点,故用Actually。
(2)(2009·浙江高考)In the good care of the nurses,the boy is
recovering from his heart operation.
A.quietly B.actually C.practically D.gradually
答案:D
本题考查副词词义辨析。句意:心脏手术后,在护士们的精心护理下,这个男孩渐渐地痊愈了。quietly静静地;actually实际上;practically实际地;gradually逐渐地。
5.base vt.建于……之上,以……为根据n.底;根基,基础;基地,根据地
【常考用法】
base his opinion on facts以事实为依据发表他的观点
base one’s theory on practice理论以实践为基础
be based on a true story以一个真实的故事为基础
the base of a building建筑物的根基
at the base of the mountain在山脚下
【十年高考链接】
(2012·江苏高考)
an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it soon or later.
A.Based B.Basing C.Base D.To base
答案:B
本题考查非谓语动词。句意:凭着感情而不是理智作出一个重要决定,你迟早会后悔的。you与base之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。
6.present
adj.目前的,现在的;出席的,在场的n.礼物;目前vt.把……交给;提出;赠送
【常考用法】
the present situation目前的形势
the present government leaders现任政府的领导人
be present at the World Media Summit出席世界媒体峰会
at the present time目前
at present目前,现在
present a bunch of flowers to his mother =present his mother with a bunch of flowers
赠给他的母亲一束花
be presented to the headmaster被引荐给校长
【十年高考链接】
(1)(2009·北京高考)All of them try to use the power of the workstation
information in a more effective way.
A.presenting B.presented C.being presented D.to present
答案:D
本题考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。此处用不定式短语作目的状语。句意:他们所有人都试图借助工作站的力量用一种更有效的方式来呈现信息。
(2)(2008·浙江高考)There are plenty of jobs
in the western part of the country.
A.present B.available C.precious D.convenient
答案:B
本题考查形容词的用法。available意为“可得到的,可利用的”。句意为“在这个国家的西部地区,有很多工作可找”。
(3)(2008·湖北高考)As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine,we must send for an engineer to
the problem.
A.handle B.raise C.face D.present
答案:A
本题考查动词词义辨析。句意:因为这儿没有人知道机器出了什么故障,所以我们必须去请一位工程师来解决这个问题。handle处理,解决;raise抬高;饲养;养育;提出(问题等);face面对,面临;present呈现;介绍;赠送。
7.make use of 利用;使用
【常考用法】
make full use of your time充分利用你的时间
make the best use of your money充分利用你的金钱
make use of your time to learn a foreign language利用时间学门外语
make good use of any opportunity to practice English好好利用一切机会练英语
make good use of the Internet resources充分利用网络资源
【短语链接】
make the most of充分利用 take advantage of利用
in use在使用
out of use不再被用
bring...into use开始利用;对……加以使用
come into use开始使用
【十年高考链接】
(2011·浙江高考)The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to,but I suppose I’ll just have to
it.
A.make the best of
B.get away from
C.keep an eye on
D.catch up with
答案:A
本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意:这所学校并不是我真正想去的学校,但是我想我会充分利用它。make the best of 充分利用;get away from 逃离;keep an eye on照看,留神;catch up with赶上。结合句意可知A项正确。 此类题的解题关键是弄明白所给选项的意义,再结合语境作出选择。
8.latter adj.较后的,后期的,(两者中)后者的
【常考用法】
the latter half of the year后半年
in the latter part of her life在她的后半生
the latter book后一本书
the former...the latter...前者……后者……
【拓展】
late adj. & adv.迟(的),晚(的)
later adj.后期的,较后的adv.后来,较晚地
latest adj.最新的,最近的
lately adv.(=recently)最近,近来
9.such as 例如……;像这样的
【常考用法】
such as tea and coffee例如茶和咖啡
such as English and French例如英语和法语
such as Canada,Britain and Japan比如加拿大、英国和日本
【辨析】such as与for example
(1)such as用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间,且直接跟所列举的事物,其后不用逗号。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和。
(2)for example主要用于举例说明,其位置比较灵活,可位于句首、句中或句末,前后多用逗号隔开。
【十年高考链接】
(2008·江西高考)My English teacher’s humor was
make every student burst into laughter.
A.so as to B.such as to C.such that D.so that
答案:B
本题考查代词such的用法。句意:我的英语老师的幽默就是如此(好笑)以至于使每一个同学都哈哈大笑。such as (to do)到如此程度,如此……以至于……(正式或文学用语)。A项只能作目的状语,不能作表语。C、D两项引导从句。
10.frequently adv.常常;频繁地
【常考用法】
run frequently between the city and the airport频繁地往来于城市与机场之间
speak English frequently经常说英语
quarrel frequently经常吵架
【十年高考链接】
(2010·福建高考)Drunk driving,which was once a
occurrence,is now under control.
A.general B.frequent C.normal D.particular
答案:B
句意:醉酒驾驶,曾经是一件经常发生的事,现在被控制住了。general一般的; frequent经常的; normal正常的; particular特别的。根据句意选B项。
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