2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 5 Nelson Mandela--a modern hero 阅读理解3
第Ⅲ组
A
An experiment
Materials:Newspaper,‘ACE’ hardware ruler,a flat table.
Purposes:We’ll show that there is air pressure pushing on us,from every direction while we’re on this earth.
Procedure:
First put a thin ruler on a flat table with a little less than half of it hanging off the edge of the table（see the drawing on the right).Next place a sheet of newspaper over the ruler flat against the table.Make sure to have as little air as possible under the paper so that the fold line of the newspaper is at the ruler.Then quickly strike the end of the ruler hanging off the edge of the table.If you strike it quick enough,the ruler will break near the table edge.
What抯 going on?n
The earth is covered in a layer of air that is nearly 80 miles thick and at sea level exerts or 損ushes?hard almost 15 pounds of pressure per square inch.That means that a full sheet of newspaper laid out flat has nearly 9,300 pounds of air above it.le
When you break the ruler above,you are able to break it because of the “heavy” air pushing down on the paper while you quickly strike the ruler.At first,the table is pushing back on the paper,and if you move the ruler quickl enough,other air around the edges of the paper can’t get under the paper fast enough,so you are trying to lift that 9,300 pounds with the ruler! Some air gets under the paper,but not enough,so the ruler breaks.
1.By doing the experiment,we may realize
A.that air exits everywhere B.why there are directions
C.that we live with air pressure D.how air helps on the earth
2.How many steps are there in this experiment?
A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.
3.The
underlined
word 揺xerts?probably
means ?
?eart
A.covers completely B.advocates actively
C.influences gradually D.presses heavily
4.The ruler breaks under a quick strike mainly because of
A.the air pressure on the newspaper B.the heavy weight of the newspaper
C.the heavy weight of the flat table D.the strong power used on the ruler
答案：
1.C
细节理解题。文章Purposes部分直接点明了做这个实验的目的：证明在我们生活的这个地球上，处处都有气压，由此判断选C。
2.B
细节理解题。从Procedure中的First,Next和Then可知这个实验一共三步，首先将一把很薄的尺子放在桌子上，大约一半的尺子悬在桌子外沿，然后将一张旧报纸盖在桌子上，并尽量确保报纸下面的空气很少，最后使劲打击尺子悬空的那头，如果速度足够快，那么尺子就会在沿着桌子的地方被打断。
3.D
词义猜测题。画线词处表示，在海平面每平方英寸上面就有大约15英磅的气压，再结合or后面的“pushes” hard可知，画线词的意思和D项最接近。
4.A
推理判断题。最后一段解释在使劲敲打尺子悬空的那头时它会断裂的原因——报纸表面的气压非常大。
B
Open Letter to an Editor
I had an interesting conversation with a reporter recently—one who works for you.In fact, he’s one of your best reporters.He wants to leave.
Your reporter gave me a copy of his resume（简历）and photocopies of six stories that he wrote for you.The headlines showed you played them proudly.With great enthusiasm,he talked about how he finds issues（问题），approaches them,and writes about them,which tells me he is one of your best.I’m sure you would hate to lose him.
Surprisingly,your reporter is not unhappy.In fact,he told me he really likes his job.He has a great assignment（分工），and said you run a great paper.It would be easy for you to keep him,he said.He knows that the paper values him.He appreciates the responsibility you抳e given him,takes ownership of his profession,and enjoys his freedom.h
So why is he looking for a way out?
He talked to me because he wants his editors to demand so much more of him.He wants to be pushed,challenged,coached to new heights.
The reporter believes that good stories spring from good questions,but his editors usually ask how long the story will be,when it will be in,where it can play,and what the budget is.
He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones.He wants someone to get excited about what he抯 doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out,exploring the best ways to report it.He wanlts to be more valuable for your paper.That抯 what you want for him,too,isn抰 it?s
So your reporter has set me thinking.
Our best hope in keeping our best reporters,copy editors,photographers,artists梕veryone梚s to work harder to make sure they get the help they are demanding to reach their potential.If we can抰 do it,they抣l find someone who can.e be
5.What does the writer think of the reporter?
A.Optimistic. B.Imaginative. C.Ambitious. D.Proud.
6.What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks?
A.Finding the news value of his stories. B.Giving him financial support.
C.Helping him to find issues. D.Improving his good ideas.
7.Who probably wrote the letter?
A.An editor. B.An artist. C.A reporter. D.A reader.
8.The letter aims to remind editors that they should
.
A.keep their best reporters at all costs
B.give more freedom to their reporters
C.be aware of their reporters’ professional development
D.appreciate their reporters’ working styles and attitudes
答案：
5.C
推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是第五至第七段内容可知文中的那个记者想在自己岗位上不断挑战新的高度，由此可推知他很有抱负，故C项正确。ambitious有抱负的，有雄心的。
6.D
推理判断题。由倒数第三段前两句可推知，信中的那位记者渴望和主编谈话，希望他们能帮他完善他的“good ideas”，以最好的方式来报道，故选D项。
7.A
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句以及最后一段的内容可推知写这封信的人应该是一位主编。
8.C
推理判断题。由最后一段内容可知，这封信的目的是告诫主编关注记者的专业发展，以充分发挥他们的潜力，故选C项。
C
How often one hears children wishing they were grown-ups,and old people wishing they were young again? Each age has its pleasures and its pains,and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.
Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult.If a child has good parents,he is fed,looked after and loved,whatever he may do.It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return.What’s more,life is always giving new things to the child—things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well known.But a child has his pains;he is not so free to do what he wishes to do;he is repeatedly being told not to do something,or being punished for what he has wrongly done.
When a young man starts to earn his own living,he can no longer expect others to pay for his food,his clothes and his room,but has to work if he wants to live comfortably.If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child,he will go hungry.And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents,he may go to prison.If,however,he works hard,keeps out of trouble and has good health,he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.
9.According to Paragraph 2,the writer thinks that
A.life for a child is fairly easy
B.a child is always loved whatever he does
C.if much is given to a child,he must do something in return
D.only children are interested in life
10.The main idea of the passage is that
A.life is not enjoyable since each age has some pains
B.young men can have the greatest happiness if they work hard
C.childhood is the most enjoyable time in one抯 life
D.one is the happiest if he can make good use of each age in his life
11.The paragraph following this passage will most probably discuss
A.examples of successful young men
B.how to build up one抯 position in societyl
C.joys and pains of old people
D.what to do when one has problems in life
答案：
9.A
由第二段的Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult.If a child has good parents,he is fed,looked after and loved,whatever he may do.可知答案。
10.D
由第一段的Each age has its pleasures and its pains,and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.可知答案。
11.C
第一段是总的概括，第二段讲童年时期，第三段讲青年时期，接下来讲老年时期。
D
While most high school students spend most of their time worrying about who likes who,and different relationships between their classmates,I choose to focus on my school lessons and sports.
When I was young,my mother encouraged me to develop and keep friendship with boys in order to build strong relationships.But she told me not to risk a good friendship with a boy with the title of boyfriend.It’s indeed a wise choice to stay friends with those of the opposite sex.In my opinion,even though some high school relationship might continue after graduation,the probability of them lasting much longer is so slim that there really is not a point to it.
First,you have to think about such a question whether it is possible to hurt both of you,or even hurt both of your future husbands or wives.My second point is that you still can date if you hope marriage could possibly follow.Except these,there really is not any other reason for dating.Some students desire relationships for a chance to be romantic.While these are nice to have,there are many more important things at this point in our lives.
The titles of boyfriend and girlfriend put too much stress on a relationship between high school students.Just staying common friends may be the best choice for us.I strongly recommend we should deal with it in an appropriate way and follow our teachers?a dvice if necessary.
12.The author writes this passage probably for
to read.
A.high school students B.school teachers
C.parents and teachers D.married couples
13.Between the opposite sexes,the relationship of being good friends might be
than that of being boyfriends or girlfriends.
A.weaker B.safer C.slimmer D.stronger
14.How does the writer like the idea of dating among the students?
A.Dating is a nice chance for students to be romantic.
B.Studying is far more important than dating in school.
C.In high school dating can surely lead to future marriage.
D.Dating in high school is sure to hurt your future family.
15.The underlined word 搃t?in the last paragraph might refer to
.ht
A.the title of boyfriend or girlfriend at school
B.advice given by both teachers and parents
C.the pressure from school lessons and sports
D.the relationship between students of opposite sexes
答案：
12.A
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话中的“high school students”以及后面多次出现“high school students”可知，是写给高中生的。
13.D
细节理解题。根据第二段前半部分可知，异性友谊比男女朋友关系要更牢固一些。
14.B
细节理解题。由第一段的“I choose to focus on my school lessons and sports.”可知作者认为学习要比约会重要得多。
15.D
词语理解题。最后一段中的it指的是“a relationship between high school students”，结合第四段第一句话可确定答案为D。