课时作业(二十五) 必修5 Unit 5 First aid
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．—How come you’re mistaken?
—________.
A．Sorry，I’ll try againB．By taking the wrong bus
C．I took the wrong road D．No，it’s not my mistake
2．It was you rather than your sister________to run the shop after your parents retired.
A．who were B．that was
C．who was D．whom were
3．It wasn’t a comfortable trip at all with five of us________into the back seat of the car.
A．squeezed B．squeezing
C．squeeze D．to squeeze
4．Nowadays，more and more people choose to drink alcohol to escape the________caused by heavy work.
A．barrier B．temper
C．character D．pressure
5．It will make________difference to your career as a reporter if you have________good nose for a story.
A．the；a B．the；the
C．a；a D．a；the
6．It’s vital that the theory________practice，or it could just be something useless.
A．is applied to B．is applied for
C．be applied for D．be applied to
7．What you said in the class meeting yesterday was indeed an injury________the girl’s pride.
A．on B．in
C．down D．to
8．As is known to us all，it was from the role of “Xu Sanduo” that Wang Baoqiang’s acting career________.
A．took up B．took in
C．took off D．took down
9．I think it________that she should be knowledgeable about computers for her present job.
A．urgent B．normal
C．essential D．gifted
10．—Will Mr Black go to the opening ceremony this weekend?
—No，he has finally decided________.
A．not B．not to
C．not to go D．not to go to
11.(2016·东北三校第二次联考)Many people can’t learn any lessons from the mistakes they’ve made________they get hurt somehow.
A．whether B．unless
C．if D．as
12．(2012·东北三校一模)Painting from still images leads to a loss of sensitivity，which is________to an artist.
A．absolute B．urgent
C．special D．vital
13．(2012·浙江东阳期中)—Let’s go Dutch for this supper，OK?
—No，________this time，as a reward for all your help.
A．it’s up to you B．it’s my treat
C．let’s talk about it D．it doesn’t matter
14．(2012·福州质检)I want to have a short talk with you.Could you spare a few minutes________？
A．if necessary B．if possible
C．if so D．even if so
15．(2016·重庆西南师大附中质检)Failure is never pleasurable，but it can make a positive contribution to your life________you learn to use it.
A．since B．once
C．until D．unlessⅡ.完形填空[建议用时15′]
(2016·河南洛阳统一考试)
I was cleaning out an old box when an old card caught my eye：Queen City Casket Company.“ What is it？” I wondered.I__1__it over.There，in faded ink，was a hand-scrawled__2__.Immediately my mind__3__back many years.
I was nine years old，walking down the cold，wet streets of Springfield，with a bag of__4__on my shoulder.On my__5__that day，I came to that company finally，whose owner，Mr Rader，had always taken me there to__6__his workers whether they wanted any magazines.
__7__off the rain like a wet dog，I entered Mr Rader’s office.After a quick glance he__8__me over to the fireplace.Noticing the__9__in the top of my__10__，he said，“Come with me！”，pulling me into his truck.We__11__before a shoe store.Inside，a salesman__12__me with the finest pair of oxfords I had__13__seen.I felt about 10 feet tall when I got up__14__them.“We’d like a pair of new socks too，” Mr Rader said.
Back in his office，Mr Rader took out a__15__，wrote something on it，and handed it to me.With tearful eyes，I read，“__16__to others as you would have them do to you.” He said affectionately，“Jimmy，I want you to__17__I love you.”
I said goodbye，and for the first time I__18__a flicker of hope that somehow things would be all right.With people like Mr Rader in the world，there was hope，__19__and love，and that would always make a__20__.,1.A.read B．thought
C．turned D．passed
2．A.address B．list
C．message D．information
3．A.brought B．approached
C．returned D．traveled
4．A.magazines B．newspapers
C．notes D．books
5．A.returns B．rounds
C．trips D．arrivals
6．A.beg B．demand
C．tell D．ask
7．A.Letting B．Giving
C．Turning D．Shaking
8．A.followed B．led
C．watched D．carried
9．A.hole B．mud
C．water D．cover
10．A.coat B．shoe
C．sock D．bag
11．A.pulled up B．took in
C．drove away D．walked up
12．A.dressed B．fitted
C．shared D．comforted
13．A.never B．already
C．ever D．hardly
14．A.for B．with
C．on D．in
15．A.pen B．paper
C．card D．notebook
16．A.Do B．Give
C．Show D．Lend
17．A.say B．know
C．consider D．express
18．A.sensed B．predicted
C．lost D．admitted
19．A.sadness B．challenge
C．kindness D．intension
20．A.deal B．fortune
C．choice D．difference
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2016·泰安高考模拟)
Does stress cause gray hair？Many people believe that tension and stress can cause your hair to lose its color.In fact，it is an_old_wives’_tale that being upset all the time can result in premature graying.Here is a closer look at this situation and why some believe that this old wives’ tale could be true.
As one ages，the hairs on the head also age.In fact，just about everything on the human body begins to show signs of wear and tear after a while.The joints wear and become stiff and skin wears and becomes wrinkled.Hairs on the head grow and eventually die.They are replaced，but in the process something else happens.
When new hairs are replaced，the color or pigment (色素) is also added to them.However，as one ages，this pigment becomes less and less available.At first，hairs will have a limited amount of pigment and they will appear to be grayish in color.In time，they will lose all of their pigment and will be white.Many things are known to cause graying，and genetics is a very powerful factor.If one of your parents turns gray at an early age，there is a good chance that you will too.Some people begin the graying process in high school，while others may be over the age of forty.
Constant worry and tension can have many harmful effects on the human body.It is a known fact that stressful times can cause one to suffer hair loss.It would make sense that if it can cause these problems，perhaps it also may contribute to graying.However，there is no sound evidence to support this.
On the other hand，many medical professionals believe that there may be a link between graying and a constant state of anxiety or tension.Does stress cause gray hair？There is no scientific evidence to support the theory，but it is best to avoid stressful situations.
1．The underlined phrase in the first paragraph most probably means________.
A．clever remarksB．silly remarks
C．exciting remarks D．disappointed remarks
2．The second paragraph mainly tells us________.
A．every part of body is replaced with age
B．hairs will grow weak but not die
C．skin becomes wrinkled with age
D．every part of body ages with age
3．What might play the most important role in the graying process?
A．Genetics and the amount of sleeping time.
B．The amount of food people eat and living environment.
C．The amount of pigment and genetics.
D．Genetics and the amount of water people drink
4．According to the passage，continuous pressure may result in________.
A．a person’s fatness B．a person’s fitness
C．a person’s weight loss D．a person’s hair loss
5．From the passage we can infer that________.
A．stress causing gray hair is still in question
B．gray hair has nothing to do with tension
C．stressful situations can be of benefit
D．sound evidence has been found
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2016·大连四中高三联考)
A few days before，Miss Wang was going home by bikes.While she was riding in the street，she sudden saw a man with a knife in his hand and with his face covering with a piece of black cloth running towards her.The man had pulled her handbag out of the basket of her bike and ran away before she could find a person to turn for help.Luckily，she had the mobile phone in her pocket.She took it out，dialing 110 and told the police in which direction the man had run.She also told the police that the man was like.The police came five minutes later，but caught the man soon.
答案：
课时作业(二十五)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．解析： 考查交际用语。句意为：——你怎么做错了？——对不起，我再来一次吧。“How come...？”的意思是“……怎么回事？”，一般用来询问原因，所以用sorry表示道歉后再解释原因最合适了。
答案： A
2．解析： 考查强调结构和主谓一致。强调结构中被强调的是主语部分you rather than your sister，指人，一般用who；rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致，故选A。
答案： A
3．解析： 考查with的复合结构。宾语和宾补之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词作宾补。句意为：那次旅行一点也不舒服，因为我们中的五人挤进了汽车的后座。
答案： B
4．解析： 考查名词辨析。句意为：当今，越来越多的人选择喝酒来释放工作繁重带来的压力。barrier障碍；temper脾气；character性格；pressure压力。
答案： D
5．解析： 考查冠词。make a difference有影响，起作用；have a good nose for善于察觉。
答案： D
6．解析： 考查虚拟语气及动词词组，vital后的主语从句应用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。apply...to...把……应用到……；apply for申请。
答案： D
7．解析： 词组搭配。an injury to a person’s pride表示“对某人自尊心的伤害”。句意为：昨天你在班会上所讲的话的确伤害了那个女孩的自尊心。
答案： D
8．解析： 考查动词短语。take up拿起，接受，开始，从事，继续，占据；take in接受，让……进入，理解，包括，欺骗；take off脱掉，起飞，事业腾飞；take down取下，记下，拆卸。句意为：众所周知，王宝强的演艺事业正是从许三多这一角色开始腾飞的。
答案： C
9．解析： 根据后面宾语从句的结构可以判断出所填的词必须具有能使其后的从句是虚拟语气的功能，四个词中只有essential “必不可少的”有此用法。
答案： C
10．解析： 考查省略。全句补充完整后为he has finally decided not to go to the opening ceremony this weekend，省略的部分应为上句重复的内容，不定式在省略时要保留to。
答案： B
11.解析： 考查连词用法。句意为：许多人都不会从他们所犯的错误中吸取教训，除非从中受伤。unless表示“除非；如果不”，相当于if not。
答案： B
12．解析： 考查形容词辨析。句意为：用静止的形象作画会导致敏感度的缺失，这对一个艺术家来说是至关重要。vital重要的。前三项分别表示“绝对的”“紧急的”“特殊的”，都不符合句意。
答案： D
13．解析： 句意为：——晚饭咱们平摊餐费，好吗？——不，这次我请客，感谢你对我的帮助。it’s my treat我请客；it’s up to you由你决定；let’s talk about it咱们谈谈；it doesn’t matter没关系，根据句意选B。
答案： B
14．解析： 句意为：我想和你谈一会儿。如果可能，你能抽出几分钟时间吗？if possible如果可能；if necessary如果有必要；if so如果这样；even if so即使是这样。根据句意选B。
答案： B
15．解析： 句意为：失败不会让人开心，但是一旦你学会了利用它，它就会对你的生活产生积极的作用。根据题意可知应该选择B项once，意思是“一旦”，一般引导时间状语从句。
答案： B
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读： 作者偶然翻开卡片，思绪回到从前，恩情永生难忘，世界如此温暖。一张卡片，一位好人，一段美好的人生回忆。
1．解析： 作者看到这张卡片后，把它“翻过来”去看卡片背面的内容。turn over表示“翻转”。
答案： C
2．解析： 在卡片的背面，有手写的“信息”，字都褪色了。message一般指口头传递的或书写的信息，是可数名词。D项通常指消息、情报、资料等，是不可数名词，故排除。
答案： C
3．解析： 看到卡片上的内容，作者的思绪立刻“回”到了多年以前。
答案： D
4．解析： 根据第二段最后一句中的“magazines”可知作者当时背着一包“杂志”。
答案： A
5．解析： 作者当天转了几圈后，最终来到了那家公司。
答案： B
6．解析： Mr Rader总是把作者带到那里，“询问”他的员工是否想购买作者的杂志。
答案： D
7．解析： 作者像一只落汤鸡一样“抖落”身上的雨水，走进了他的办公室。
答案： D
8．解析： 他匆匆地看了一眼，发觉作者的窘况后，把作者“领”到壁炉旁。
答案： B
9．解析： 本段的后半部分提到他为作者购买了一双新鞋，由此可知他注意到了作者的鞋上有“洞”。
答案： A
10．答案： B
11．解析： 他们将车“停”在一家鞋店前。pull up“停车，停止”，符合题意。后三项分别表示“理解”“开走”“走近”，都不符合语境。
答案： A
12．解析： 售货员给作者挑选了一双非常合适的鞋，此处fit用作动词，意为“使适合”。
答案： B
13．解析： 这是作者“曾经”见到过的最好的一双牛津鞋。
答案： C
14．解析： 作者穿上这双鞋站起来后，感觉自己大约有十英尺那么高，in them表示的是in the shoes。
答案： D
15．解析： 文章第一段提到作者看到那张“卡片”后，思绪回到了从前，此处与之相呼应。
答案： C
16．解析： 根据本句后半部分中的“do to you”可知此空应用Do。本句的意思是“己所不欲，勿施于人”。
答案： A
17．解析： 他亲切地说：“吉米，我想让你知道我爱你。”
答案： B
18．解析： 作者第一次“感觉到”希望的闪现，不管怎样，事情总会好起来的。
答案： A
19．解析： 根据上文叙述的Mr Rader帮助作者推销杂志以及给作者买鞋等可知他是一个非常善良的人。
答案： C
20．解析： 世界上有了像Rader这样的人，就有了希望、善良和关爱，世界也会因此而不同。make a difference表示“有影响，起作用”。前三项分别表示“交易”“财富”“选择”，显然有悖文意。
答案： D
Ⅲ.阅读理解
语篇解读： 压力会导致头发变白吗？许多人相信情况是这样的。本文从年龄和基因两方面谈了头发变白的原因，持续的压力和忧虑对于身体是有害的，可导致脱发。但是，究竟压力和头发变白之间是否有联系，目前尚无定论。
1．解析： 词义猜测题。画线短语前面提到“Many people believe that tension and stress can cause your hair to lose its color”，即许多人相信紧张和压力导致头发褪色变白。短文接着谈到“In fact，it is...”，这是推测画线词意思的关键。因此an old wives’ tale意为“无稽之谈”。
答案： B
2．解析： 主旨大意题。第二段第一句话是该段的主题句。从中可以看出，人体的每一部分都会随着年龄的增长而衰老。
答案： D
3．解析： 细节理解题。本文第三段提到“At first，hairs will have a limited amount of pigment and they will appear to be grayish in color.In time，they will lose all of their pigment and will be white.Many things are known to cause graying，and genetics is a very powerful factor.”由此可以看出，色素和基因在头发变白的过程中起着重要的作用。
答案： C
4．解析： 细节理解题。本文倒数第二段提到“Constant worry and tension can have many harmful effects on the human body.It is a known fact that stressful times can cause one to suffer hair loss”。由此可知，持续的压力会导致脱发。
答案： D
5．解析： 推理判断题。本文倒数第二段最后提到“However，there is no sound evidence to support this.”最后一段也提到“There is no scientific evidence to support the theory...”。由此可知，是否压力会引起头发变白仍无定论。
答案： A
Ⅳ.短文改错
A few days ，Miss Wang was going home by .While she was riding in the street，she
saw a man with a knife in his hand and with his face
with a piece of black cloth running towards her.The man
had—— pulled her handbag out of the basket of her bike and ran away before she could find a person to turn
for help.Luckily，she had
mobile phone in her pocket.She took it out，
110 and told the police in which direction the man had run.She also told the police
the man was like.The police came five minutes later，
caught the man soon.