Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．His proposal is thought of as ________ (实用的)．
2．The ice is too thin to ________ (负担，承受) your weight.
3．It's our ________ (期望) that you will do well.
4．We should try our best to put the enemy in a ________ (被动的) position.
5．As we all know, newspapers influence the ________ (潮流) of thought.
6．In this resort, you can enjoy all the comfort and ________ (便利) of modern tourism.
7．This ladder doesn't seem very ________ (稳固的)．
8．Every ________ (文件) on the same desk must have a different name.
9．He declared that he was ________ (清白的)．
10．She ________ (轻打) me on the shoulder, but I didn't feel it.
答案：1.practical 2.bear 3.expectation 4.passive 5.current 6.convenience 7.stable 8.file 9.innocent 10.tapped
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Finally the operator________ ________ ________(给我接通) to Mr. Smith.
2．The teacher was angry with Tom because he looked out of the window________ ________ ________(时不时地)．
3．He________ ________(挂断) before I could ask his name.
4．The machine is________ ________ ________(发生故障). I have to have it repaired.
5． If you________ ________(稍等) for a while，I will go and see if I can find your mother.
答案： 1. got me through 2. now and then 3. rang off
4. out of order 5. hang on
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．—Hello. May I speak to Bill, please?
—________.
A．Bill speaking
B．I'm Bill
C．You are speaking to Bill
D．I'm speaking
答案：A 考查交际用语。由第一句可知，这是电话交际用语，完整正确回答是This is Bill speaking。
2．Christmas Day is usually celebrated on December 25th ________the birth of Jesus Christ.
A．in praise of B．in honor of
C．in terms of
D．in association with
答案：B 考查介词短语。in praise of“表扬……”；in honour of“为了纪念……”；in terms of“就……而言”；in association with“与……联合”。根据句意选B。
3．The car factory has produced a new car of high quality；its only________is that it uses a lot of petrol.
A．advantage
B．drawback
C．mistake
D．profit
答案：B 考查名词。句意：该汽车制造厂已经生产出一种高性能的车。该车的唯一缺点是耗油大。drawback“缺点，不利条件”。
4．Please come and help me with this application form because I don't know how to________it.
A．set about
B．set out
C．set up
D．set aside
答案：A set about“着手做某事”；set out“开始，出发”；set up“建立，开业”；set aside“留出，拨出；不顾，不理会；驳回，取消”。
5．The lazy boy is expecting a way________he can get through the exams without hard work.
A．that
B．in that
C．which
D．where
答案：A 考查定语从句。当way作先行词，并在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用that或in which或省略。
6．Just then, the young man dived________his pocket and took out a sharp knife.
A．on
B．into
C．for
D．in
答案：B 考查dive into的用法。句意：就在那时，年轻人迅速把手伸进口袋，拿出一把尖刀。dive into“迅速把手伸入”。
7．(2012·济南模拟)If you have to catch the first bus every day, choose this hotel. It is very ________ for the station—it's only a twominute walk.
A．close
B．comfortable
C．convenient
D．near
答案：C be convenient for sth.“附近的，近便的，容易到达的”。be close/near to... “离……近”。
8．(2012·宁波模拟)Color blind people often find it difficult to ________ between red and green.
A．separate
B．tell
C．compare
D．distinguish
答案：D 句意：色盲者很难辨别红色与绿色。distinguish between... and... “在……间辨别”。separate“分离”；tell表示“辨别”时为及物动词常用tell A from B结构；compare“比较”。
9．My cousin is really enthusiastic about playing basketball. ________ he shoots a ball, he likes to think of himself as a Kobe Bryant.
A．At one time
B．All the time
C．The first time
D．Every time
答案：D 这里指“他每次进球时，都把自己想成是科比·布莱恩特。”every time引导时间状语从句时，表示“每次……时”。A、B项不跟从句，C项“第一次……的时候”，从句中多用过去时态。
10．(2012·济南模拟)What the young man can't ________ is that his mum always treats him like a baby.
A．support
B．undertake
C．hold
D．bear
答案：D 句意：那位年青人最不能忍受的是他妈妈总把他当孩子看。
11．(2012·泉州模拟)I didn't want to be ________ with politics at all.
A．dealt
B．associated
C．involved
D．consulted
答案：B 句意：我根本不想与政治活动有联系。be associated with“与……有联系/关系”。deal“对待”；involve“涉及；陷入”，常与in连用；consult“协商；咨询”。
12．Your mother is seriously ill; you should ________ a doctor.
A．call in
B．call off
C．call back
D．call up
答案：D 句意：你母亲病得很厉害，你应当给医生打电话。
13．(2012·大连模拟)I meant to tell you about it earlier and called you several times, but I couldn't ________.
A．call on
B．take over
C．go by
D．get through
答案：D 句意：我想早点告诉你，但给你打了很多电话，就是不通。get through在此表示“接通”。call on“号召”；take over“接管”；go by“路过”。
14．(2012·泰安模拟)He waited until it was dark ________ nobody could see him clearly.
A．so that
B．in order to
C．although
D．however
答案：A 句意：他一直等到天黑，这样没人能认出他。so that“以至于”，引导目的状语从句。in order to“为了……”；although“虽然”；however“然而”。
15．When we plan our vacation, mother often offers ________ suggestions.
A．practical
B．stable
C．innocent
D．bearable
答案：A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们计划我们的假期时，母亲常常提供实用的建议。practical“实用的”；stable“稳固的，安定的”；innocent“清白的”；bearable“可忍受的”。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Abel Janszoon Tasman
Abel Tasman was born in a little village in the Netherlands in 1603. Nowadays there is a road in the village named after him and the house where he was believed to live is still a functional farm called“Tasemanheerd”. His first wife was called Claesgie Heyndrix, who he had a daughter with, Claesjen. In December, 1631 he married again, this time with Jannetje(Joanna)Tjaerts, a 21yearold girl.
In 1634, Abel Tasman joined the Dutch East India and he became first mate of the Weesp, one of the company's ships. Later that year he became skipper(船长)on the Mocha.
With this ship he patrolled(巡逻)in the ocean. On one of his voyages, three men were killed and after returning to Batavia, Tasman got a new job. He had to transport cargo and booty in the northwest Pacific. A high death toll through diseases was normal and the Dutch ships weren't seaworthy.
On one voyage Tasman returned safely after he had lost two of his three ships in a storm. After this voyage Tasman was ordered to explore the southeast in order to find a new sea route to Chile in South America. This voyage to the“Great South Land”(as the Dutch called Australia)made him the famous discovery of Tasmania. At that stage though, Tasman and his crew had no idea that they had made such a significant discovery.
In 1644 Abel Tasman became skipper commander and later he became a member of the Council of Justice in Batavia. By 1653 he retired and owned 288 acres of land near Batavia. He died in October, 1659.
文章大意：本文主要介绍了荷兰航海家Abel Tasman的生平以及他一生中最重要的发现—Tasmania。
1．From the first paragraph, we can see that________.
A．in a village in the Netherlands, people have built a farm in memory of Abel Tasman
B．his second wife was about seven years younger than him
C．Abel Tasman married again after his first wife died of a disease
D．Abel Tasman was born in a big city in the Netherlands
答案：B 细节理解题。Abel Tasman 1631年再婚(当年他28岁)，而他第二个妻子当时只有21岁，也就是他比第二个妻子大约7岁，故选择B。由第一段可知，人们修建了一条路，以他的名字命名，而不是修建了一个农场，故A项错；他第一个妻子如何去世在第一段中没有提及，故排除C项；由第一段首句可知D项错。
2．What is the right order of the jobs in Abel Tasman's life?
a．He became skipper on the Mocha.
b．He became a member of the Council of Justice in Batavia.
c．He became first mate of the Weesp.
d．He became skipper commander.
A．c—a—d—b
B．c—d—b—a
C．d—b—c—a
D．a—c—d—b
答案：A 排序题。本题可根据时间来排序。1634年他成为Weesp船的大副，故c为第一个，以下依次为：a(1634年晚些时候)，d(1644年)，b(1644年以后)。
3．What does the underlined word“booty”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．战利品
B．奖金
C．马靴
D．奖励
答案：A 词义猜测题。“booty”与“cargo”并列，由此可判断booty应是能在船上运输的东西，故排除D。上段提到Abel Tasman joined the Dutch East India(东印度公司)，根据常识可判断，他只得利用船只运输货物以及“战利品/掠夺品”。
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．In his time, the Dutch ships were very strong and could fight against the storm.
B．Later in 1634, Abel Tasman joined the Dutch East India.
C．The discovery of Tasmania was his main achievement in his life.
D．Great South Land was also called“Australia”in England.
答案：C 细节判断题。由第三段最后一句中的“the Dutch ships weren't seaworthy”可知，当时荷兰的船只并非很结实，故A错；由第二段可知，他加入东印度公司是1634年早些时候，不是1634年晚些时候，故B错；由倒数第二段可知，发现Tasmania是他一生中最重要的成就，再结合开头的表格可知C对；由倒数第二段括号中的as the Dutch called Australia可知D错。
5．When did Abel Tasman enter the Council of Justice in Batavia?
A．In 1644.
B．After 1644.
C．By 1653.
D．Around 1659.
答案：B 时间推算题。由最后一段可知，Abel Tasman于1644年成为skipper commander，这以后他又成为Batavia司法部的一名成员，故B项正确。
B
(2012·三明普高联考)
Here I'd like to talk about how to develop your curiosity and make use of it to make discoveries. Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers when you are curious about something and want to know more about it.
Firstly, write down the subject that you are interested in on a note card or piece of paper. Just put the main idea down, such as “Discover more about dinosaurs.”
Next, think for a moment about what you already know about your subject and list information like the sentences below：
1. Dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared.
2. Dinosaurs lived on the earth for more than 150 million years.
3. Some dinosaurs fed on plants, some on meat.
Thirdly, ask yourself “What can I do with what I want to learn？” On your paper, start writing down questions about the dinosaurs as you think of them：
1. What's the best weather for dinosaurs to live in?
2. How many kinds of dinosaurs are there?
3. Have dinosaurs really disappeared?
Fourthly, armed_with_your_list_of_questions,_you can now visit the nearest library or turn to computer to begin your research. As you learn more about your subject, you'll probably discover some new questions.
For example, you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. Why? What happened? Asking new questions can help you research your subject more deeply.
The next time you find something interesting to research, take time to organize your thinking by asking good questions. And remember—learning more always bring more questions.
文章大意：怎样利用好奇心，提出问题然后做出发明呢？本文具体讲述了这样做的步骤。
6．While doing some research, you should take the following steps________.
①list what you want to know
②choose a research subject
③list what you already know
④discover new problems
A．①④③②
B．①②④③
C．②③①④
D．②①④③
答案：C 细节理解题。由文中的“firstly，next，thirdly，fourthly”可知C项符合。
7．What does the underlined sentence “armed with your list of questions” mean?
A．Taking your list of questions with you to do more research.
B．Writing down your list of questions before turn to the computer.
C．Discussing your questions with your classmates for solution.
D．Putting your questions aside before going to the library.
答案：A 猜测词义题。由划线句后的下一句“As you learn more about your subject, you'll probably discover some new questions.”可知，带着你列的问题去再研究。
8．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．You can find all the answers online.
B．Learn more, and you'll have no questions.
C．Asking questions is the only way for research.
D．During the research, more questions may arise.
答案：D 细节理解题。由最后一段最后一句话“And remember—learning more always bring more questions.”可知，在研究过程中，你就会遇到更多的问题。
9．The best title for this passage is________.
A．Discovering Dinosaurs
B．Asking Good Questions
C．Finding Suitable Subjects
D．Having Interesting Answers
答案：B 主旨大意题。由文章大意可知，本文主要讲的是利用好奇心，提出问题然后做出发明的步骤。所以B项符合。