【新人教版】2014年高考英语要点梳理+重点突破：必修4 Unit 4　《Body language》

　　必修4　 Unit 4　Body language

　　要 点 梳 理

　　高效梳理·知识备考

　　●重点单词

　　1．state vt.statement n．陈述；说明 2．greet vi. & vt.greeting n．迎接；问候；招呼 3．represent vt.representative n．代表(人士) 4．association nassociate v．把……联系起来

　　5．flight n6．curious adj.curiosity n．好奇心 7．approach vt. & vi. n．接近；方法；途径 8．defend vt.defence n．防御；保卫 9．major adj.10．misunderstand vt.misunderstanding n．误解；误会 11．adult n adj.成人的；成熟的

　　12．spoken adj.unspoken adj.非口语的；未说出口的 13．function n vi.起作用；运转 14．truly adv.15．false adj.16．anger nangry adj.生气的 17．subjective adj.subject n．主题；对象 18．rank n

　　●重点短语

　　1．defend against 2．on the contrary

　　3．in the same way

　　4．at ease

　　5．turn ones back to

　　背对；背弃

　　6．get close to

　　7．be likely to

　　8．in general

　　9．lose face

　　10．watch/look out

　　●重点句型

　　1．Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.，。

　　2．Making a fist and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry and threatening another person.，。3．With so many cultural differences between people, it is great to have some similarities in body language.，。

　　(2008·海南、宁夏、全国卷Ⅰ) 假定你是李华，从小喜爱大熊猫，。。。1．2．3．4．。

　　1.词数100左右； 2．3．

　　Dear Sir/Madam，Greetings from China！____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　Yours truly，

　　Li Hua

　　写作要点： 1．2．(1)自我介绍；(2)信息来源；(3)祝贺生日；(4)感谢照顾；(5)索取照片；(6)合适的结尾。 3．introduce, express, wish, congratulate, be grateful, give birth to, a happy birthday, a photo of...

　　[范文] Dear_Sir/Madam，

　　Greetings_from_China! I'm Li Hua, a student in Sichuan. I've been a panda lover since I was a child. About three years ago I was delighted to learn that Baiyun gave birth to her daughter Sulin and I've been watching her grow on your website.

　　Now she‘s going to be three. I’d like to wish her a happy birthday and to express my thanks to you for your hard work, because of which Sulin and her parents are living a happy and healthy life in the US.

　　By the way, could I have a photo of Sulin taken on her third birthday? Thank you very much in advance.

　　Yours_truly，

　　Li_Hua

　　考 点 探 究

　　互动探究·能力备考

　　Ⅰ.词汇短语过关

　　1．represent vt.representation n．代表，代表团，代理 representative adj.代表性的 n．代表，代理人 represent sb. as/to be 宣称某人为…… represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事 represent sth./sb. as sth./sb. 把……描绘成……

　　[即学即练1](1) The rose _____________ love. 玫瑰花是爱情的象征。(2) This picture _____________ a storm at sea. 这幅画表现的是海上风暴。(3) He ____________ China in the conference. 他代表中国参加了这次会议。(4) He ___________ himself ________ an expert. 他称自己是专家。

　　represents

　　represents

　　represented

　　represents

　　to be

　　2．curious adj.curiously adv. 好奇地，奇怪地 curiosity n. 好奇心；古玩 be curious about 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 渴望做…… from/out of curiosity 出于好奇 meet/satisfy one‘s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 with curiosity＝curiously 好奇地

　　[即学即练2](1)The child ______ very ____________ the origin of mankind. 这个孩子对人类的起源很感兴趣。(2)I'm __________________ what he said. 我极想知道他说了什么。(3)__________________ he left without saying goodbye. 真奇怪，。

　　is

　　curious about

　　curious to know

　　It’s curious that

　　3．approach vt. n. 入门，接近；方法，途径 approach sb. on/about sth. 与某人接洽/商量某事 approach to 接近；近似；(做某事)的方法(途径) a new approach to language teaching 一种新的语言教学 方法 at the approach of 在快到……的时候 make approaches to sb.和某人打交道

　　[即学即练3](1)A new year ________________. 新年快到了。(2)He ______________ the question as a scientist. 他从科学家的角度来处理这一问题。(3)I like her ____________ the problem. 我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。(4)Did Mary _________ you ______ lending her some money? 玛丽找你商量过有关借些钱给她的事吗？ 　

　　is approaching

　　approached

　　approach to

　　approach

　　about

　　4．defend vt. defense/defence n. 防卫，防御 defense works 防御工事，a defense satellite 防御卫星 defend one's argument 为某人的论点辩护 defend...against... 保护……，defend...from(harm) 保护……不受(伤害)

　　[即学即练4](1)They couldn't ________ us __________ our rights.他们不能阻挠我们捍卫我们的权利。(2)We need some lawyers to ____________. 我们需要几个律师为我们辩护。(3)We should ______ the child ______ harm. 我们要保护这孩子不受伤害。(4)Their duty is to ______ the country ______ its enemies. 他们的职责就是保卫国家抵御敌人(入侵)。

　　prevent

　　defending

　　defend us

　　defend

　　from

　　defend

　　against

　　5．likely adj.

　　adv. 很可能 It‘s likely that...＝Sb./Sth. be likely to do...…… 是可能的。not likely (坚决不同意)绝不可能，

　　[即学即练5](1)John ______________ be in London this autumn.今年秋天约翰可能在伦敦。(2)The park is a ______ place for the picnic. 这公园倒是个适合野餐的地方。(3)______ isn’t likely that I should accept such an offer as that.要我接受这样的建议是不大可能的。(4)We will ___________ likely be late.我们很有可能会迟到。

　　is likely to

　　likely

　　It

　　most/very

　　【注意】likely做副词的时候多和most, very连用。

　　6．ease n. vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑) at ease 舒适，，with ease 轻易地，feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松 put/set sb. at one‘s ease 使某人放松、take one’s ease 休息，

　　[即学即练6](1)The medicine __________________. 这种药镇痛。(2)He is living a life _________.他过着舒适的生活。(3)He passed the examination ____________. 他轻松地通过了考试。(4)I never feel completely _________ with him. 我跟他在一起总感到不是很自在。

　　eased the pain

　　of ease

　　with ease

　　at ease

　　7．in general as a general rule 一般而言；通常，generally speaking 一般而言 It's generally believed that... 普遍认为……

　　[即学即练7](1)He has been promoted to ________________. 他已被提升为总经理。(2)_________________， we enjoyed the trip.，。(3)____________ commanded his men to advance. 将军命令他的士兵向前挺进。(4)____________， her work has been good, but this essay is dreadful. ，，。

　　general manager

　　Generally speaking

　　The general

　　In general

　　on the whole总的来说 generally speaking一般说来 as a whole就整体上来看 in a word总之 As a whole, the book is worth reading.就整体来看，这本书值得看。

　　Ⅱ.重点句型详解

　　Not_all_cultures greet each other the same way, nor_are_they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. 各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。

　　(1)not all...是部分否定， not构成部分否定的词还有：both, every, everyone, everywhere, everybody, everything, always, entirely, wholly, altogether。Not every student passed the exam. 并非所有的学生都通过了考试。Not all of us can speak English. 并非我们都会说英语。none, nobody, neither, never, nothing, nowhere, no one, not at all。

　　(2)本句后半句是 nor 引起的倒装句，nor ，。She doesn‘t like dance, nor does her sister. 她不喜欢跳舞，。not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, little 等。 Never before has our country been as united as it is today. 我们国家从没像现在这样团结。

　　②含有否定意义的连词置于句首，如： neither...nor, no sooner...than..., scarcely...when..., hardly...when...等。 No sooner had he left home than it began to rain. 他一出家门天就开始下雨。 ③含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首，如： by no means, in no time, in no case, on no account等。 On no account must you accept any money against your conscience. 你无论如何不能违背自己的良心而得到钱财。

　　[即境活用]　(2008·辽宁卷)Bill wasn't happy about the delay of the report by John, and ______. A．I was neither

　　Bneither was I C．I was either

　　Deither was I

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查 neither 用于句首，倒装。

　　易 错 点 拨

　　自我完善·误区备考

　　1.represent/on behalf of/stand for (1)represent用来表示“代表某人/某个团体/政府等”“某种标志代表什么”“某物(书、)表现的是什么”和“把某人/物描绘成什么”。(2)on behalf of只能用做状语，/代替某人”。(3)stand for往往用来表示“(字母、、)代表/象征什么”。

　　[1]　用represent/stand for/on behalf of填空 (1)He ___________ our school to take part in the competition and all of us were proud of him. (2)_____________ everyone here, I wish you a very happy holiday. (3)What does the letter “E” ___________？

　　represented

　　On behalf of

　　stand for

　　2. protect/defend/guard (1)protect指采取一定措施，，。(2)defend着重指用武力抵御攻击和侵犯。(3)guard强调通过看守警戒，。

　　[2]　(1)The PLA Navy ______ the coastline of our motherland. 中国人民解放军海军守卫着我们祖国的海岸线。(2)We must ______ the children from harm. 我们必须保护儿童免受伤害。(3)We shall ______ our country, whatever cost may be. 无论付出什么代价，。

　　guard

　　protect

　　defend

　　3. likely/probable/possible (1)likely 强调表面上看来有可能，与 probable 意思接近，， likely 常暗示从表面迹象来判断。Sth./Sb. be likely to do... ②It is likely that... (2)probable 表示有几分根据的推测， possible 表示的可能性大。，probable，。It is probable that...

　　(3)possible 表示客观上潜在的可能性，。It is possible (for sb.) to do sth. ②It is possible that... ③sth. is possible ④as quickly/much/soon...as possible

　　[应用3]　(1)It is _________ that it will rain, but with such a blue sky it doesn’t seem ___________. (2)The weather is ______ to be fine. (3)It is _________ for us to get from Beijing to Tianjin in less than an hour.

　　possible

　　probable

　　likely

　　possible

　　高 效 作 业

　　自我测评·技能备考

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　1．He was c______________ about everything he saw and kept asking questions.2．In some countries, a visitor will be g_________ with a kiss on the cheek.

　　3．What does X r___________ in this equation ()?

　　4．G_________ speaking, women cry more easily than men.

　　5．I prefer c____________ to tragedy.

　　curious

　　greeted

　　represent

　　Generally

　　comedy

　　6．The _________() subjects in senior high schools are Chinese, English and mathematics.

　　7．Quarrels are usually caused because of

　　___________________()．

　　8．As you ____________() the town, the first building you see is the church.

　　9．His __________ () English is pretty good.

　　10．Can you show me to the ___________ ()?

　　major　

　　misunderstanding

　　approach

　　spoken

　　dormitory

　　Ⅱ .单项选择

　　1．—It's a very interesting book.

　　—______.

　　—And thank you very much for letting me keep it so long.

　　A．I‘m glad you like it B．That's all right

　　C．Don't mention it

　　D．I hope you like it

　　答案：A

　　解析：考查交际用语。由 thank you very much for letting me keep it so long可知书已看完，选A。

　　2．(2010·福建六校三联)Living in the dormitory means ______ to take care of yourself, understand each other's differences and share ______ interests.

　　A．to learn; common

　　B．learning; ordinary

　　C．to learn; ordinary

　　D．learning; common

　　答案：D

　　解析：考查非谓语动词和形容词的用法。mean doing sth表示“意味着……”，mean to do sth表示“打算做某事”，结合语意可排除A、C两项；common interests意思是“共同的兴趣爱好”，符合语意。

　　3．The Olympic mascots are the Olympic flame, the fish, the panda, the Tibetan antelope and the swallow,

　　a close group of friends.

　　A．to represent

　　Brepresenting

　　C．represented

　　Drepresent

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查非谓语动词。representing 为现在分词做后置定语。

　　4．(2010·长春调研)－Is your husband good at cleaning up the room?

　　－Not very, but when it ______ cooking, he is much better than I am.

　　A．talks about

　　B．refers to

　　C．comes to

　　D．deals with

　　答案：C

　　解析：考查动词短语。“When it comes to...”是常用句式，意思是“当谈及某事的时候……”。

　　5．He sat back on the chair, listening to the MP4 and ______.

　　A．looking at ease

　　B．looked at ease

　　C．being looked at ease

　　D．to look at ease

　　答案：A

　　解析：looking “看上去，看起来”，为现在分词做状语，表伴随，与 listening to...并列。

　　6．(2010·安徽皖南八校二联)Many youth went to the shanghai Science and Technology Museum on Nov. 16, 2009, ______ U．S. President Barack Obama delivered a speech during his four－day state visit.

　　A．which

　　B．in that

　　C．where

　　D．that

　　答案：C

　　解析：考查定语从句的用法。where引导的定语从句修饰先行词the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum.

　　7．From then on we never saw her again, nor

　　from her.

　　A．heard we

　　Bhad we heard

　　C．we have heard

　　Ddid we hear

　　答案：D

　　解析：否定词 nor 放于句首，句子部分倒装，且与 saw时态一致，故选D。

　　8．I do every single bit of housework ______ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.

　　A．since

　　B．while

　　C．when

　　D．as

　　答案：B

　　解析：while 表示对比，对照，译为“然而”。

　　9．At the meeting they discussed three different______to the study of mathematics.

　　A．approaches

　　Bmeans

　　C．methods

　　Dways

　　答案：A

　　解析：四个词都有“方法”的意思，但只有 approach 后接介词 to＋n./v.－ing。way后接 of sth./doing sth. 或 to do sth.; means 和method 后接 of sth.或 of doing sth.。

　　10．The city______by an army of 600 men was difficult to take.

　　A．defending

　　B．having been defended

　　C．having defended

　　D．defended

　　答案：D

　　解析：过去分词短语 defended by...做定语，相当于一个定语从句 which was defended by...；B项只做状语，不做定语。

　　11．Wise teachers know it’s impossible for all the students to learn all the subjects well because ______ of them are not fit for them.

　　A．every one

　　B．all

　　C．none

　　D．not all

　　答案：B

　　解析：此处all与后面的not连用，表示部分否定。

　　12．______， most teenagers now listen to rock music. However, John likes classical music better.

　　A．In a word

　　B．In general

　　C．In time

　　D．In total

　　答案：B

　　解析：in a word意为“总之，一句话；总而言之”；in general意为“大体上；一般地”；in total意为“总共”；in time“及时”。通过句意可以看出，“大多数青少年喜欢听摇滚乐”是一种一般的、普遍的情况，所以选B。

　　13．______ different kinds of pianos, the factory is sure they can satisfy people’s needs.

　　A．To produce

　　B．Being produced

　　C．Produced

　　D．Having produced

　　答案：D

　　解析：根据后半句说，“工厂确信能满足人们的需要”，那么前提应该是“生产各种各样的钢琴”已经成为事实，所以用现在完成时，动词ing形式做状语。

　　14．If you hurry up, I think it quite ______ that you will catch the flight to Hong Kong. There are 40 minutes left.

　　A．probably

　　B．likely

　　C．possibly

　　D．certainly

　　答案：B

　　解析：由句子结构可知此处应填形容词做宾语补足语，likely adj.可能的。

　　15．Was that the new book that they all mentioned at the fair?

　　－______.

　　A．They must be

　　BIt must have been

　　C．They were

　　DIt mustn’t have been

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查情态动词表推测。上文的was是解决该题的关键，由此可知，B项正确。对过去的推测一律用“情态动词＋have done”结构。D项表禁止而非猜测。

　　Ⅲ .完形填空

　　When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship.Having been a StraightA student, I believed I could __1__

　　tough subjects and really learn something.One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne.I was extremely interested in the ideas he __2__

　　in class.

　　When I took the first exam, I was __3__

　　to find a 77, Cplus, on my test paper, __4__ English was my best subject.I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained __5__. I decided to try harder, although I didn't know what that __6__

　　because school had always been easy for me.I read the books more carefully, but got another 77.Again, I __7__

　　with Professor Jayne.Again, he listened patiently but wouldn't change his __8__

　　.

　　One more test before the final exam.One more

　　__9__

　　to improve my grade.So I redoubled my efforts and, for the first time,

　　__10__

　　the meaning of the word “thorough”．But my __11__

　　did no good and everything __12__

　　as before. The last hurdle (障碍) was the final.No matter what __13__

　　I got, it wouldn't cancel three Cpluses.I might as well kiss the

　　__14__

　　goodbye. I stopped working hard.I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would.The night before the final, I even

　　__15__

　　myself to a movie.The next day I decided for once I'd have

　　__16__

　　with a test. A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A．I hurried into Professor Jayne's office.He __17__ to be expecting me.“If I gave you the As you

　　__18__， you wouldn't continue to work as hard.I stared at him,

　　__19__ that his analysis and strategy(策略) were correct.I had worked my head __20__， as I had never done before.

　　I was speechless when my course grade arrived: Aplus.It was the only Aplus given.The next year I received my scholarship.I've always remembered Professor Jayne's lesson: you alone must set your own standard of excellence.

　　1．A.take

　　Bdiscuss

　　C．cover

　　Dget 2．A.sought

　　Bpresented

　　C．exchanged

　　Dobtained 3．A.shocked

　　Bworried

　　C．scared

　　Danxious 4．A.but

　　Bso

　　C．for

　　Dor 5．A.unchanged

　　Bunpleasant

　　C．unfriendly

　　Dunmoved

　　6．A.reflected

　　Bmeant

　　C．improved

　　Daffected 7．A.quarreled

　　Breasoned

　　C．bargained

　　Dchatted 8．A.attitude

　　Bmind

　　C．plan

　　Dview 9．A.choice

　　Bstep

　　C．chance

　　Dmeasure 10．A.memorized

　　Bconsidered

　　C．accepted

　　Dlearned

　　11．A.ambition

　　Bconfidence

　　C．effort

　　Dmethod 12．A.stayed

　　Bwent

　　C．worked

　　Dchanged 13．A.grade

　　Banswer

　　C．lesson

　　Dcomment 14．A.scholarship

　　Bcourse

　　C．degree

　　Dsubject 15．A.helped

　　Bfavored

　　C．treated

　　Drelaxed

　　16．A.fun

　　Bluck

　　C．problems

　　Dtricks 17．A.happened

　　Bproved

　　C．pretended

　　Dseemed 18．A.valued

　　Bimagined

　　C．expected

　　Dwelcomed 19．A.remembering

　　Bguessing

　　C．supposing

　　Drealizing 20．A.out

　　Bover

　　C．on

　　Doff

　　答案及解析： 1．A。take a subject/course，take(某课程)”。，，。2．B。present表示“陈述；呈现(观点、)”。Jayne教授在课堂给我们陈述的那些观点。

　　3．A。，，77分，C＋，。4．C。C表示原因，(学得)最好的科目，C让我觉得惊讶，。5．D。，。，(he remained)unmoved表示教授听了我的争论与辩解却无动于衷。unmoved。

　　6．B。，，。，，。7．B。77分，。reason与上文的argument呼应，，。8．B。，，，，，。

　　9．C。，。10．D。，。11．C。。effort指前面提到的我一次次加倍努力学习。12．B。，，，go表示“进展，。13．A。，77分，C＋了。

　　14．A。，。、，C＋使我拿不到奖学金了。15．C。treat表示“招待，，。16．A。，，，。

　　17．D。，。18．C。，A等，。19．D。。20．D。work off表示“(通过无礼的方式等)发泄(怒气、)”。

　　.短文改错

　　Once there lived a boy was very fond of

　　1.______

　　reading. But he was so poor to buy any

　　2.______

　　books. So he had to borrow them from a rich man

　　3.______

　　lived far away. The boy always tried

　　4.______

　　hard to finish read the books and returned

　　5.______

　　boy后加 who

　　so→too

　　√

　　lived后加who

　　read→reading

　　them to the owner within the giving time. So

　　6.______

　　the rich man was ready lend him any of the

　　7.______

　　books he wanted them. In this way he read a lot

　　8.______

　　and late became a wellknown writer of his time.

　　9.______

　　However, the rich man's son who didn't like to study

　　remained a man with a little knowledge.

　　10.______

　　giving→given

　　lend→to lend

　　去掉them

　　late→later

　　去掉第二个 a