素能提升演练（十八）
选修Unit 18
Ⅰ. 单词拼写1. There is a _______ (显著的，突出的) difference between Jane and Mary.
2. Medicine should not be kept where it is (容易取得的) to children.
3. John was (气喘吁吁的) after running for half a mile.
4. Your suitcase is five kilograms (超重), which is not allowed to be carried on board.
5. The representative (伴随着) his angry words with forceful movements of the hands.
6. The real (高贵之处) of a man lies in what he is, not in what he has.
7. Wires (传送) electricity from power stations to the users.
8. He (弄弯) the iron bar as if it had been made of rubber.
9. There are (证据) that somebody has been living here.
10. You have committed so many bad things and don’t you think that it goes against your (良心)?
Ⅱ. 单项填空
1. If we don’t take steps, some rare animals, such as the Tibetan antelopes and pandas， will
some day just as dinosaurs.
A. die out
B. die away
C. die down
D. die off
2. Recently I was frustrated that my essay was rejected by a newspaper. _______, I had my wallet picked on the bus on the way home.
A. To be honest
B. To make matters worse
C. To tell you the truth
D. Believe it or not
3. She’s being tired _______ wearing the school uniform every day, which can be told _______ her behaviour.
A. from; by
B. of; from
C. of; by
D. from; from
4. He is a football fan, so he is keen _______ football matches all day.
A. about watching
B. to watching
C. to watch
D. for
5. You look _______. Sit down by the fire and I will make you some hot tea.
A. frozen
B. spoken
C. broken
D. stolen
6. ［2012保定模拟］I was about to give up my effort to work on the puzzle when a good idea
me.
A. beat
B. attacked
C. struck
D. caught
7. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of school during the day, unless _______ by parents.
A. controlled
B. abandoned
C. ignored
D. accompanied
8. The visiting Japanese prime minister was warmly _______ when he arrived in Beijing.
A. received
B. accepted
C. treated
D. recommended
9. —Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?
—No, it’s out of _______.
A. range
B. reach
C. control
D. distance
10. The school is trying its best to make more accommodation _______ for the increasing students.
A. approachable
B. accessible
C. affordable
D. available
11. The doctor recommended that I _______ here for the sunshine before I started for home.
A. come
B. came
C. would come
D. had to come
12. The big snow lasted nearly half a week. What was worse, they were trapped in the mountain and badly _______ food.
A. in search of
B. in the hope of
C. in want of
D. in charge of
13. ［2012福州模拟］It is not how much money you will give us but that you are present at the ceremony
really matters.
A. which
B. it
C. what
D. that
14. The material appears to be iron at _______ first sight because of its color, but actually it is made of _______ wood.
A. /; /
B. the; the
C. the; /
D. /; the
15. But for the urgent task, I _______ the trip to Tibet, which my colleagues said was fantastic and impressive.
A. might have missed
B. must miss
C. hadn’t missed
D. wouldn’t have missed
Ⅲ. 课文填词
It is believed that beauty is in the eye of the 1. b,
which means that there is no consistent 2. _______ (观点) on beauty. Traditions and fashions change and adapt with time like 3. s itself. In contemporary society culture remains a major 4. _______ in determining our ideas of beauty. As a 5. _______ of fact,
with the 6. _______ (影响)of history,
society and culture,
there are no precise criteria which can be used to 7. j what is beautiful. The human race would soon die out if we could see 8. _______ within a set of limited 9. _______ (标准). Beauty has more than one dimension,
but after all 10. p beauty must also be accompanied by an attraction to something deeper within a person. It is inner beauty that requires us to truly see.
Ⅳ. 完形填空［2012绍兴模拟］
Steve, a twelve-year-old boy with alcoholic parents, was failing. Surprisingly, he could read, yet, 1
his reading skills. Steve had been failing since first grade. Steve was a big boy, yet, he went unnoticed
2
Miss White.
Miss White was a smiling, beautiful, young lady. For the first time in his
3
life, Steve couldn’t take his eyes off his teacher; yet,
4
he failed. In the middle of the first term, the entire seventh grade was
5
for basic skills. Steve hurried through his tests, and
6
to dream of other things, as the day passed slowly. One day, Miss White’s
7
voice broke into his daydreams. “Steve! ” Startled (吓了一跳), he 8
to look at her. “Pay attention! ” She began to
9
the test results. “You all did pretty well, ” she told the class, “
10
one boy, and it breaks my
11
to tell you this, but. . . ” She hesitated, pinning Steve to his seat with a sharp
12
. “. . . The smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class! ”
After that, Steve still
13
do his homework. “Just try it, ” Miss White said one day. “Steve!
Please!
I care about you! ” Wow!
Suddenly, Steve got it!
Someone cared about him?
Someone, so beautiful and perfect, cared about him!
Steve went home from school,
14
, that afternoon and decided to work hard.
The following Monday he arrived at school on time, and waited for Miss White to enter the classroom. She walked in, all sparkle and smiles!
Immediately, she gave a
15
on the weekend homework. Steve was the first to
16
his paper. With a look of
17
, Miss White took his paper. Steve walked back to his desk, his heart beating strongly within his chest.
Miss White’s face was in total
18
! Suddenly, her face broke into a bright smile. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just
19
his first test!
From that moment
20
was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he learn, but he was good at it!
1. A. in honor of
B. in spite of
C. in addition to
D. in case of
2. A. to
B. before
C. until
D. upon
3. A. rich
B. young
C. fresh
D. simple
4. A. still
B. even
C. also
D. forever
5. A. observed
B. corrected
C. selected
D. tested
6. A. struggled
B. agreed
C. continued
D. declared
7. A. cheerful
B. impatient
C. enthusiastic
D. shy
8. A. decided
B. managed
C. turned
D. forgot
9. A. go over
B. run over
C. turn over
D. hand over
10. A. except for
B. due to
C. as for
D. up to
11. A. will
B. record
C. heart
D. back
12. A. pain
B. stare
C. sense
D. contrast
13. A. wouldn’t
B. couldn’t
C. mustn’t
D. shouldn’t
14. A. amused
B. doubtful
C. approved
D. thoughtful
15. A. survey
B. speech
C. report
D. quiz
16. A. give up
B. hand in
C. turn down
D. come across
17. A. respect
B. curiosity
C. surprise
D. fear
18. A. victory
B. shock
C. sadness
D. confidence
19. A. escaped
B. taken
C. missed
D. passed
20. A. nothing
B. something
C. anything
D. everything
Ⅴ. 短文填词
阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。
Most of us feel nervous before we’re taking an important
exam.
Some will feel dizzy or tired,
and some will s
from 1. _______
lack of sleep.
In fact,
all these symptoms have terrible
effects _______ our exams and we are all eager to
2. _______
get _______ of them.
First of all,
in my opinion,
it’s important
3. _______
for us to have a right _______ (态度) towards exams.
They are4. _______
only a means of checking _______ we are getting along with our
5. _______
studies,
so there is no need to worry too much about the r
.
6. _______
Study hard every day and m
careful plans for every exam.
7. _______
In this way we can a
suffering from the pressure of exams.
8. _______
Besides,
enough sleep can make us _______ (精力充沛的)and enable 9. _______
us to perform well in the exam.
Therefore,
during the period
of exams,
we should not _______ (熬夜) up too late. 10. _______
Ⅵ. 书面表达
［2012杭州模拟］
2011年一位用行动宣讲环保概念的年轻人“低碳哥(Low-carbon Brother)”在网上走红了。他的主要做法有：
1. 捡起废纸，用空白一面写字。
2. 不开灯看电视，还把电视亮度调到最低(minimum)。
3. 上班骑自行车，不开车等。
请根据以上提示，写一篇短文介绍“低碳哥”的生活，并阐述自己对这种低碳生活的看法。
注意：1. 对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。
2. 词数120左右。
答案解析
Ⅰ. 1. striking
2. accessible
3. breathless
4. overweight
5. accompanied
6. dignity
7. convey
8. bent
9. evidences
10. conscience
Ⅱ. 1.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们不采取措施，一些稀有动物，如藏羚羊和熊猫，某一天就会像恐龙一样灭绝。die out 灭绝，消失；die away (风、声音等)渐弱，逐渐平息；die down 变弱, 逐渐停止, 渐渐消失; die off 相继死去。
2.【解析】选B。考查插入语的用法。句意: 最近我感到很沮丧，因为我的文章被一家报纸拒收；更糟糕的是，在坐公交车回家的路上我的钱包也被人掏了。to make matters worse也可说成to make things worse, 意为“更糟糕的是”，与语境相符；to be honest, to tell you the truth说实话；believe it or not 信不信由你。
3.【解析】选C。考查介词。句意：她讨厌穿校服，这从她的行为上可以判断出。be tired of厌烦；be tired from由于……累了；tell by根据……辨别。
4.【解析】选C。考查句型结构。句意：他是一个足球迷，所以他整天渴望去看足球赛。 be keen to do sth. 渴望去做某事。
5.【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：你看上去很冷。坐到火旁，我给你泡杯热茶。frozen冷冻的；结冰的；冷酷的；寒冷的；spoken口头的，口语的；broken坏掉的；破碎的；垮掉的； stolen 被偷的，偷走的。
6.【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意：我刚要放弃猜谜的努力这时我有了一个好主意。strike在句中意为“使突然想起(想法，主意)”，与句意相符；beat指连续敲击或打败对手或心脏及脉搏的跳动；attack袭击；catch 抓住，赶上，了解。由此可知，只有C项正确。
7.【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意：学校制度规定学生白天不准出校门，除非家长陪护。control控制；abandon遗弃；ignore忽视； accompany 陪伴，伴奏。
8.【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意：来访的日本首相到达北京时受到热情接待。receive收到；接待，接见； accept 接受； treat 对待；治疗；招待；处理；讨论； recommend 推荐，建议。
9.【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意：——你能射中树顶的小鸟吗？——不能，它在射程之外。range 范围；射程；山脉；距离； reach 范围；延伸；河段；够得着； control控制；管理；抑制；distance距离；远处。
10.【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意：学校正在设法为越来越多的学生安排更多的住宿。approachable可接近的；亲切的； accessible 可进入的；易接近的；可理解的；affordable 负担得起的； available可利用的；可获得的。
11.【解析】选A。考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：医生建议我动身回家之前到这儿进行日光浴。当recommend后接that从句时，从句的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”形式，其中should可以省略。
【变式备选】
All the citizens here strongly insist those found
“harmful” advertisements in the streets _______ punished strictly.
A. putting up; will be
B. to put up; should be
C. being put up; shall
D. putting up; be
【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：这儿的所有市民都强烈要求那些被发现在街上张贴“有害”广告的人应受到严厉惩罚。当insist(坚决要求)后接that从句时，从句的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”形式，其中should可以省略。
句中found
“harmful” advertisements in the streets是过去分词结构作those的后置定语。
12.【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。句意：大雪持续了将近半周，更糟的是，他们被困在大山中，急需食物。in search of 搜寻；in the hope of带着……希望；in want of需要；in charge of负责。选项C符合句意。
13.【解析】选D。考查强调句。此题干是强调句，即it+is+被强调部分(not how much money you will give us but that you are present at the ceremony)+that+其他。此处的被强调部分是由not. . . but. . . 连接的。
14.【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意：这种材料从颜色上乍看上去像铁制的，但实际上它是木制的。at first sight 乍一看，初见之下，是固定结构；wood是物质名词，前面不加冠词。
15.【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：要不是有紧急任务，我就不会错过这次去西藏的旅游，同事们都说这次旅游棒极了，令人难忘。but for表示含蓄的条件，对过去情况的虚拟, 主句使用would/should/could/might+完成结构。
【知识拓展】含蓄条件句
英语中，虚拟条件句在形式上不一定用if引导，有时用without, otherwise, or, but for, but等来表达，这样的条件句称为含蓄条件句。
I was ill yesterday. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet.
Without your timely rescue, we would be stuck in the valley now.
He could have passed the examinations, but he was late.
Ⅲ. 答案：1. beholder2. view
3. society
4. part
5. matter
6. influence
7. judge
8. beauty
9. criteria
10. physical
Ⅳ.
史蒂夫是一个非常聪明的男孩，但由于家庭原因，他一直不认真学习。可是怀特老师并没有放弃他，而是不断地鼓励他，终于，老师的关心使这个男孩内心发生了巨大的变化，从而最终走向成功。
1.【解析】选B。考查介词短语。in honor of意为“为向……表示敬意；为庆祝；为纪念”，in spite of意为“不管，不顾，尽管”，in addition to意为“除……之外(还)”，in case of意为“万一，如果发生”。史蒂夫已经12岁了，他的父母都是酒鬼，他表现越来越差。然而他能够阅读。尽管(in spite of)他有阅读能力，但从一年级开始，他总不及格。
2.【解析】选C。考查介词。他一直都被人忽略，直到(until)有一天怀特小姐的到来。
3.【解析】选B。考查形容词。史蒂夫已经12岁了，因此对他来说，这是年轻的生命。这是他平生第一次，无法把眼睛从老师身上移开。
4.【解析】选A。考查副词。此处的yet表示转折。按道理，当学生喜欢老师时，会认真去学习，然而，史蒂夫还是不及格。
5.【解析】选D。考查动词。由常识可知到期中了，要进行期中测试(test)。
6.【解析】选C。考查动词。在第一学期的期中，整个七年级都要进行基础技能测验。史蒂夫匆匆完成了自己的测验，并继续(continue)一天天地幻想其他的事情。7.【解析】选B。考查形容词。根据后面的“Startled”可知老师说话语气显得不耐烦。一天，怀特小姐急躁的(impatient)声音打破了他的白日梦。
8.【解析】选C。考查动词。“史蒂夫！”他感到很吃惊，转过头去看着她。
9.【解析】选A。考查动词短语。go over意为“仔细检查；复习”，run over意为“在……上驶过；浏览”，turn over意为“仔细考虑；转交；翻阅；翻身”，hand over意为“交出；移交”。此处指怀特老师仔细看了一下全班同学的测试成绩，然后对班级宣布。
10.【解析】选A。考查介词短语。except for意为“除了”，due to意为“由于，因为”，as for意为“至于”，up to意为“由……决定；直到”。你们都考得很好，除了(except for)一个男生。
11.【解析】选C。考查名词。告诉你们这个真让我感到伤心。break one’s heart意为“使某人伤心，使某人心碎”。
12.【解析】选B。考查名词。怀特老师用犀利的目光盯着史蒂夫看，然后说：“我们七年级最聪明的孩子，我所教的那一门竟然不及格！”此处用stare强调“盯着某人看”。13.【解析】选A。考查情态动词。然而，在那之后，史蒂夫依然不想做作业。此处用wouldn’t强调“不愿意”。
14.【解析】选D。考查形容词。突然，史蒂夫好像明白了！有人关心他？而且还是这么漂亮这么完美的人关心他！那天下午，史蒂夫满怀思绪地(thoughtful)回了家。
15.【解析】选D。考查名词。此题属于同义复现。根据最后一段的test可知此处用quiz表示“小测验”。
16.【解析】选B。考查动词短语。give up意为“放弃”，hand in意为“上交”，turn down意为“拒绝；将音量调低”，come across意为“偶然遇到”。
17.【解析】选C。考查名词。史蒂夫第一个交上了答卷让老师感到很惊奇。
18.【解析】选B。考查名词。以前都是差生，这次却第一个交试卷，怀特老师很是惊讶。
19.【解析】选D。考查动词。史蒂夫第一次通过考试，这令怀特老师感到非常震惊(shock)，因为之前，她曾多次鼓励史蒂夫，却没有效果。
20.【解析】选A。考查代词。从那一刻起，史蒂夫如同换了一个人。他发现自己不仅能够学习，而且能够学得很好！
Ⅴ. 答案：1. suffer2. on
3. rid
4. attitude
5. how
6. results
7. make
8. avoid
9. energetic
10. stay
Ⅵ.
【参考范文】
A young man called Low-carbon Brother became a hit on the Internet in 2011．He suggests living a low-carbon life, which means using less energy in our daily life so that we can help reduce carbon dioxide in the air．For example, he always picks up some waste paper on the street and uses the blank side to write something．While he is watching TV, he always turns down the brightness to the minimum and turns off the light．Besides, he goes to work by bike instead of driving．
Some people think what he is doing is just a show．No one can live such a simple life with so many modern inventions around us．As far as I am concerned, I strongly support his idea and his behavior．Although what he is doing has no huge effect on global warming, he at least can enjoy a healthy life.