必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists
Ⅰ.单项填空
He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people________to cholera.
A．expose
B．exposed
C．exposing
D．to expose
解析 expose“使暴露于；显露；使接触”，在此处作后置定语修饰people，二者存在动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。
答案 B
2．When he came back three hours later，they were still sitting on the sofa，________in conversation.
A．absorbing
B．absorbed
C．to absorb
D．to be absorbed
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意：当他三个小时后回来时，他们仍坐在沙发上，聚精会神地交谈。be absorbed in为固定搭配，意为“专心于”，所以此处应用absorb的过去分词形式，作伴随状语。
答案 B
3．It was the boy，rather than his teachers，that________for what the boy had done.
A．were to blame
B．were to blamed
C．was to blame
D．was to be blamed
解析 be to blame表示“应该受责备”，从结构分析主语应当为the boy，因此选C。
答案 C
4．I think you need some outdoor exercise.Plenty of fresh air will________good health.
A．contribute to
B．devote to
C．apply to
D．adjust to
解析 考查带to的动词短语辨析。句意：我认为你需要户外锻炼，足够的新鲜空气会有利于健康。contribute to有助于，导致；devote to奉献；apply to运用；adjust to调节以适应。
答案 A
5．The doctor________you for your cough is sure to________it.
A．curing；treat
B．cures；treating
C．treating；cure
D．treats；cure
解析 考查动词词义辨析。句意：给你治疗咳嗽的那个大夫保证给你治好病。treat治疗；cure治愈；treating you for your cough现在分词短语作定语。
答案 C
6．The________，I think，he drew from his simple experiment is not scientific.
A．attention
B．conclusion
C．promise
D．relation
解析 答案 B
7．The more one is ________the Englishspeaking environment，the better he or she will learn the language.
A．exposed to
B．filled in
C．caught on
D．kept up
解析 答案 A
8．—I was surprised to see wild flowers in Alaska.
—Many people think there is nothing there ________ice and snow.
A．except for
B．rather than
C．apart from
D．regardless of
解析 答案 C
9．Her question was so difficult that I could hardly make any________of it at all.
A．sense
B．meaningC．explanation
D．idea
解析 答案 A
10．The building around the corner caught fire last night.The police are now ________the matter.
A．seeing through
B．working out
C．looking into
D．watching over
解析 答案 C
11．—Stay a bit longer，please.It's been such________fun having you here.
—Thank you，but I've got________early start tomorrow morning.
A．/；the
B．a；an
C．/；an
D．the；an
解析 考查冠词。此题中fun为不可数名词，前面不用冠词。an early start此处指“早起”。句意为“请再待一会儿吧。有你在这里太有趣了。”“谢谢你，但明天早上我还要早起呢”。
答案 C
12．—Do you know why Ann is ill?
—Yes，she________more work than is good for her.
A．takes out
B．takes downC．takes on
D．takes in
解析 take on在此处意为“从事”。
答案 C
13．________his eyes，Tom found himself________on the roadside.
A．Opened；lied
B．Opened；laidC．Opening；lying
D．Opening；lain
解析 本题考查的是非谓语动词。现在分词表示主动，所以用Opening。第二个空的意思是“躺”，表示主动进行。
答案 C
14．The Dead Sea is so salty________it's hard for anything to live in it________is why it's called the Dead Sea.
A．that；which
B．that；that
C．/；that
D．/；what
解析 so...that为固定结构，第二个空用which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整句话。
答案 A
15．—How did he catch so many fish?
—By using a________.
A．bamboo long fishing line
B．long bamboo fishing line
C．fishing long bamboo line
D．bamboo fishing long line
解析 本题考查的是名词前面修饰语的先后顺序。该次序如下：冠词＋品质(好，坏等)＋大小/长短＋新旧＋形状式样＋颜色＋产地＋材料＋用途＋动名词＋名词，所以选B。
答案 B
Ⅱ.完形填空
I have always been an independent person，but I have come to know that being independent does not mean refusing help.I may still be__1__with asking for help，but I try to accept.Furthermore，I will even__2__help and when my offers are refused，I am__3__willing to walk away.And all these changes came from a disaster on an island.
Sometimes a person's independence is a__4__of pride，daring，stubbornness and luck.I used to be too__5__since I was little.I was once a traveler who never asked for__6__，choosing instead to struggle with maps and signs until I found my way.
Then one day on the island of Koh Phangan，in Thailand，everything__7__.I was swimming in the ocean with Sean，my fiance(未婚夫)，when he was__8__by a box jellyfish(箱型水母)．He__9__within three minutes,25 years old.Yet when onlookers and travelers asked if I wanted__10__，stubborn pride and force of habit__11__me accepting.But two young Israeli women stayed.__12__my protest(反对)，they were with me even when the police tried to cover up the__13__of Sean's death.It was listed as drunk drowning to avoid hurting the__14__industry.The Israeli women__15__have walked away.__16__，without even telling me，they__17__their schedule rather than leave me behind.
__18__I didn't realize it at the time，I now believe I would not have__19__the disaster without these great women.Actually，the person who needs help the most is usually the last person to ask for it.I have learned__20__is better than refusing because it not only helps you walk out of trouble，but also helps you know the real meaning of life.
【语篇解读】 独立并不意味着要拒绝帮助，接受帮助比拒绝帮助好，这是作者通过自己的亲身经历领悟到的道理。
1．A.struggling
B．dealingC．confused
D．satisfied
解析 struggle with表示“与……作斗争”，根据上下文可知作者还在与是否要寻求帮助作斗争。
答案 A
2．A.offer
B．accept
C．seek
D．desire
解析 根据下文的“when my offers”可知，作者甚至会给别人提供帮助。
答案 A
3．A.occasionally
B．frequentlyC．usually
D．seldom
解析 当作者给别人提供帮助而被拒绝时，她很少会心甘情愿地走开。这与下文作者拒绝别人的帮助时，对方还是留下来陪她的经历有关。occasionally“偶尔”；frequently“经常地”；usually“通常”；seldom“很少”。
答案 D
4．A.range
B．symbol
C．way
D．mix
解析 有时一个人的独立是骄傲、勇敢、顽强和运气的结合。range“一系列”；symbol“象征”；way“方式”；mix“混合，结合”。
答案 D
5．A.adventurous
B．braveC．independent
D．creative
解析 根据文章第一句以及下文的内容可知，作者是一个非常独立的人。
答案 C
6．A.money
B．equipmentC．directions
D．suggestions
解析 根据6空后面的“choosing instead to struggle with maps and sings until I found my way”可知，作者曾经旅行时从不问路。equipment“装备”；direction“方向”；suggestion“建议”。
答案 C
7．A.happened
B．messedC．changed
D．disappeared
解析 根据第一段的最后一句可知，此处表示“一切都变承”，故选C。
答案 C
8．A.attacked
B．caught
C．followed
D．impressed
解析 下文提到作者的未婚夫死了，此处应指他受到了箱型水母的攻击。attack“攻击”。
答案 A
9．A.sunk
B．died
C．failed
D．recovered
解析 根据“25 years old”及13空后面的“Sean's death”可知，此处指Sean三分钟之内就死了，故选B。
答案 B
10．A.company
B．advice
C．comfort
D．evidence
解析 由上文可知，作者正遭受着未婚夫突然去世的打击，再结合11空后面的“two young Israeli women stayed”可知，周围的人在问作者是否需要陪伴。company“陪伴”。
答案 A
11．A.kept
B．prevented
C．denied
D．suggested
解析 作者固执的骄傲和习惯的力量阻止她接受别人提供的帮助。prevent“阻止”。
答案 B
12．A.In spite of
B．In case ofC．In terms of
D．As a result of
解析 尽管作者反对，她们还是留下来陪作者。in spite of“尽管”；in case of“以防万一”；in terms of“就……而言”；as a result of“由于……”。
答案 A
13．A.proof
B．news
C．fact
D．cause
解析 根据下一句中的“It was listed as drunk drownning”可知，警方尽力地掩盖Sean死亡的原因。cause“原因”。
答案 D
14．A. medicine
B．entertainment
C．fishing
D．tourism
解析 Sean因受水母攻击而死亡，警方掩盖其死因是为了避免影响到当地的旅游业。
答案 D
15．A.could
B．need
C．should
D．must
解析 could have done表示“本来能做，而实际上未做”，此处指那两位以色列女士本来能够走开的，但她们还是留下来陪作者。
答案 A
16．A.Therefore
B．OtherwiseC．Instead
D．Besides
解析 她们反而宁可延误自己的日程安排，也不扔下作者不管。instead“反而，却”。
答案 C
17．A.delayed
B．made
C．considered
D．threw
解析 参见上题解析。
答案 A
18．A.When
B．While
C．Because
D．If
解析 while表示“尽管”。尽管作者当时没有意识到这一点，但现在她相信，如果没有这两位好心的女士，她不会从这场灾难中幸存。
答案 B
19．A.survived
B．experiencedC．avoided
D．suffered
解析 参见上题解析。survive“幸存，存活”。
答案 A
20．A.refusing
B．accepting
C．giving
D．begging
解析 根据下文的“because it not only...of life”并结合全文可知，此处表示“接受帮助比拒绝帮助好”。
答案 B
Ⅲ.阅读表达
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到相应的位置上(请注意问题后的词数要求)。
People today, in all this new world of technology and thinking, have lost sight of what a true friendship is.So, though I own my best friend Jenny, I thought I would help the world out a little and explain what real, true friends are.
Friends don't have to be exactly the same.They have similarities but________.The key to opening up the world of friendship is not only to expand on similarities but to accept each other's faults, because you can't ever judge your friend.
Friends have to argue！No one likes to but it is necessary to be healthy.Because if you agree on everything, either the government has expanded cloning subjects or someone isn't being true and is trying a little too hard.
You have to be comfortable together.Otherwise, you just aren't going to click.If you feel uneasy around the person then something isn't quite right.
Friends love unconditionally.They have their little angry moments but what's done is done and all is forgiven and forgotten.Why let something that happened in the past ruin the happiness you could have in the future?
Believe_in_love_at_first_sight_because_there_is_the_same_thing_happening_in_friendship.Some people think that you have to know someone really well to become good friends.Trust me, it's not true.
These are only a few of the basics.Just remember, friends are forever, but only if you keep it that way.Don't disrespect your friends.Love them instead.
1．What is the best title of the passage？(no more than 6 words)
_________________________________________________________________
答案 True Friends/Friendship/What Is Friendship
2．Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
Make up with you friends after the quarrels and don't let the sadness last long.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案 They have their little angry moments but what's done is done and all is forgiven and forgotten.
3．Please fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words or phrases to complete the
sentence.(no more than 8 words)
_________________________________________________________________
答案 they also have their differences
4．Please list three of the writer's viewpoints on friendship.(no more than 10 words)
①_______________________________________________________________
②_______________________________________________________________
③_______________________________________________________________
答案 ①Accepting differences. ②Arguing. ③Loving unconditionally. ④Believing.(写出任意三项即可)
5．Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 into Chinese.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案 相信恋爱中的一见钟情吧，因为友情也是如此。