阅读理解主旨大意题专练(一)
(题干加黑的为主旨大意题)
A
(2016·江西省重点中学协作体高三联考)
There are a number of ways to obtain a high school diploma, either through online programs, or attending schools or colleges. Yet another form of earning diploma is through various free programs offered by the educational department. Some of the programs offered by the board of education to earn a free high school diploma include External Diploma Program (EDP), Continuing Education Credit Diploma Program, and General Educational Development.
In the first type of program, an adult can earn a free diploma by demonstrating his/her skill acquired through life experience. Here, the participant has to meet the advisor weekly after completing a fixed number of tasks in the related field and exhibit the progress. The course duration can vary from four months to two years. The residents of the specified area can earn a free high school diploma through these programs.
The second type of program is available for students who have experience in military, occupational, or volunteer services. Here the students can earn their credits through evening classes or through independent study courses.
The free high school diploma can also be earned through General Educational Development (GED), a certificate that states that the candidate has high school level academic skills. Free diploma equivalency classes are offered for those applying for free high school diplomas that prepare the students to complete the fivepart exam. It can also be attended by anyone who is interested in improving basic skills. It is often provided to the participant either free of charge or financed by state boards of education.
There are a number of fraudulent universities and sites that offer free high school diplomas. While going for a free high school diploma, one has to look for accredited institutes and universities. High School Diploma provides detailed information on High School Diploma, High School Diploma At Home, High School Diploma Online, Fake High School Diploma and more. High School Diploma is affiliated with Graduation Songs.
1．How many ways of earning a high school diploma are mentioned in the passage?
A．2.
B．3.
C．4.
D．5.
2．According to the passage, someone who is serving or has served in the army can get a free high school diploma through
________.
A．External Diploma Program
B．General Educational Development
C．Continuing Education Credit Diploma Program
D．accredited institutes
3．The purpose of the writer writing the last paragraph is to tell that
________.
A．one should be careful when applying for a high school diploma
B．universities are always reliable for high school diplomas
C．institutes are always reliable for high school diplomas
D．it is not difficult to obtain a high school diploma
4．The best title of the passage can be “________”．
A．Ways to Obtain High School Diplomas
B．Types of High School Diplomas Programs
C．High School Diplomas Are Offered by the Educational Department
D．What to Do to Obtain a High School Diploma
B
(2016·太原市高三模拟考试一) Few acts are as cruel as making fun of the less fortunate, but many people do this because it makes them feel good to be better off or more successful than others. We are not to invent reasons for ignoring the poor. We are to respond to their needs whoever they are.
The homeless have become invisible to us. We walk right by them without even looking at them. While there are many reasons why people in America are going to bed hungry and sleeping on the streets, there is no real reason for them to be homeless and hungry. Why then are people so merciless toward those in need? Maybe those rich people are completely short of compassion. Maybe they believe that all homeless people are worthless and lazy. Maybe they can't spend their time and money in looking at a homeless person.
While it's true that some become homeless because of drugs and alcohol, many find themselves on the street because of job loss, company downsizing, illness, or some other injuries. The biggest reason for homelessness is the inability of households to pay for housing.
Kevin's company put him on a 30day layoff. On the twentyeighth day, he was informed that he would not be returning to work at all. At the same time, he lost his father. Between not being able to find another job right away and dealing with his father's death, Kevin's life took a downward turn, he was getting the runaround from his company and benefits were hard to come by. Alcohol finally took over, and the streets became his home.
You needn't worry, the homeless can be a bit cautious until they get to know you, but they were neither hostile nor violent as you see on TV or in the movies. They also tend to be quite intelligent, and have a very good understanding of how society really is. There is a kind of acceptance of their situation because they know, with few exceptions, no one is going to do much to help them.
$来&源：5.What does the author seem to tell us in the first paragraph?
A．It is cruel of us to laugh at those in trouble.
B．It is our responsibility to help those in trouble.
C．Laughing at those in trouble can make us feel better.
D．There are many reasons for us to ignore those in trouble.
6．Why is Kevin's experience mentioned in the passage?
A．To explain that people have no choice when they get homeless.
B．To help people understand how some people become homeless.
C．To make us know it easy to get some help from the government.
D．To explain that people will turn to alcohol when they feel excited.
7．What message does the author mainly tell us in the passage?
A．The homeless should not be ignored and they deserve our care.
B．The homeless should have their situation accepted by others.
C．The homeless tend to be more intelligent than we can imagine.
D．The homeless understand themselves and society better than others.
C
(2016·河南省普通高中高考适应性测试)
Last Friday, 6yearold Landon Johnson went to the RiverTown Crossings Mall in Grandville with his family. While there, the boy and his cousins took turns chatting with Santa, sharing their Christmas desires.
After telling the man in red he wanted a Wii, a toy dinosaur and a remote control car, Landon hopped off Santa's lap to rejoin his family. But a few moments later, he raced back to Santa's side: he'd forgotten to tell him something important. Specifically, Landon shared his worry with Santa that his autism (自闭症) would land him on the “naughty list”．
His mom, Naomi Johnson, explained to WOODTV this week that Landon is often told he's “naughty” by people who mistake his autism for bad behavior.“You get the stares when you're at the grocery store if he's too loud，”
Johnson said. “He's been told by other people before, ‘You don't need to be so naughty，’ or, ‘Why are you naughty？’．”
Johnson says Santa took the time to listen to Landon's worries, and held the boy's hands all the while.“Santa sat him next to him and took Landon's hands in his and started rubbing them, calming them down. Santa asked Landon if it bothered him, having Autism? Landon said yes, sometimes. Then Santa told him it shouldn't. It shouldn't bother him to be who he is，” Johnson said.
Landon told Santa that he sometimes
“gets in trouble at school and it's hard for people to understand that he has autism”，
but that he's “not a naughty boy”．
“You know I love you and the reindeer (驯鹿)
love you and it's OK. You're a good boy，” Santa told WOODTV about the chat with Landon. “You're a good boy, you know.”
Johnson said she was incredibly moved by Santa's thoughtful words.“This stranger in a red suit told my son the same message I've been trying to get through to him for a while now — that he's special and I love him just the way he was made，” the mom told Today.com.“Seeing Landon's face light up in that moment was just incredible.I couldn't stop crying. He was the real Santa Claus.”
8．What did Landon do after he raced back to Santa?
A．He shared Christmas desires with Santa.
B．He checked if he was the real Santa Claus.
C．He told Santa how his autism had bothered him.
D．He asked for a toy dinosaur and a remote control car.
9．What did Santa tell Landon to do?
A．Avoid those who mistake him.
B．Remain what he is.
C．Try to change the way he behaves.
D．Tell others about his autism.
10．What can we infer from the text?
A．Every child is quite possible to be bothered by autism.
B．Chatting with Santa was a special Christmas gift for Landon.
C．Santa Claus are always popular with children and their parents.
D．Naughty boys are hard to understand because of their bad behaviors.
11．What's the best title for the text?
A．It's OK to Be You
B．Autism Is Really a Problem
C．Find Time to Chat with Santa
D．Don't Stay with Naughty Boys
主旨大意题专练(一)
A
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在美国可以获得免费的高中毕业证的几个项目。
1．选B 细节理解题。根据“There are a number of
... offered by the educational department.”及下文内容可知，本文共提到了三种可以获得高中毕业证的途径。故选B。
2．选C 细节理解题。根据第三段“The second type of program is available for students who have experience in military ...”并结合第一段最后一句中的“include External Diploma Program (EDP), Continuing Education Credit Diploma Program, and General Educational Development.”可知，他们可以通过参加Continuing Education Credit Diploma Program获得免费的高中毕业证。故选C。
3．选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are a number of fraudulent universities and sites that offer free high school diplomas.”并结合该段内容可推知，作者在最后一段主要想告诉我们在申请免费高中毕业证书时要小心，因为有的地方会作假。故选A。
4．选A 标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了可免费获得高中毕业证的几种方式。A项意为“获得高中毕业证书的方式”，体现了本文的中心，适合做标题。故选A。
B
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，主要谈论的是我们不应该忽视那些无家可归的人，他们应得到我们的关心和帮助。
5．选B 推理判断题。根据第一段“We are to respond to their needs whoever they are.”并结合该段大意可推知，该段主要告诉我们：我们有责任帮助处于困境中的人们。故答案选B。
6．选B 推理判断题。例子都是为上文的观点服务的。第三段主要说明的是人们变得无家可归并不全是因为吸毒或酗酒，还有其他原因，如疾病、失业等。故第四段列举Kevin失业后没钱为父亲办丧事，最后酗酒，成为无家可归的人这个例子是为了证明第三段的观点，以帮助人们理解有些人是如何变得无家可归的。故答案选B。
7．选A 主旨大意题。文章开头作者提出，我们应该帮助那些处于困境中的人们，也就是说，无家可归者不应该被忽视，他们应该得到我们的关心和帮助。故答案选A。
C
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Landon是个患有自闭症的孩子，于是经常被认为是“淘气的孩子”，他因此很苦恼。在一次和圣诞老人聊天中，圣诞老人告诉他不必烦恼，要做自己。Landon听后面露喜色。
8．选C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Specifically, Landon shared his worry with Santa that his autism (自闭症)would land him on the ‘naughty list’．”可知，Landon飞奔到圣诞老人那里，和他分享了自己的烦恼，即他的自闭症。故选C。
9．选B 细节理解题。根据第四段“It shouldn't bother him to be who he is ...”可知，圣诞老人告诉Landon不必烦恼，要做自己。故选B。
10．选B 推理判断题。根据第一段“While there, the boy and his cousins took turns chatting with Santa, sharing their Christmas desires.”及最后一段最后三句可知，圣诞老人的话使Landon的脸上露出了喜色。由此可推知，和圣诞老人聊天对Landon来说是份特殊的圣诞礼物。故选B。
11．选A 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文的主要内容是：Landon是个患有自闭症的孩子，因此他经常被认为是“淘气的孩子”，这使得Landon很苦恼。一次在和圣诞老人聊天中，圣诞老人告诉他不必烦恼，要做自己。Landon听后面露喜色。A项“做自己很好”揭示了本文的主旨，适合做标题。故选A。