郑州市 2014高考英语短文改错、书面表达一轮训练（18）附参考范文

　　郑州市 2014高考英语短文改错、书面表达一轮训练（18）附参考范文

　　Passage ***

　　Mark Twain was born in a small town of Horid.When he is only 1___

　　twelve years old, his father died.Late he became a river boat pilot.2_____

　　Mark Twain was her pen name.During the American Civil War 3_____

　　He worked as a reporter and write a lot of stories.Gradually he 4____

　　made his mark and his work were popular.He became one of the 5_____

　　best known writer of the 19th century in the U.S.A.In his life 6____

　　Mark Twain wrote the number of stories and novels, on which 7____

　　“Adventure of Tom Sawyer” is the most famous one.His writings 8____

　　have been translated to many other languages, and they are 9_____

　　deeply love by the readers all over the world.

　　10 ___

　　【参考答案】Key 15

　　1is—was 2 Late-later 3.her—his 4.write—wrote

　　5 work—works 6.writer—writers

　　7.the—a 8.right 9 to—into 10.loved

　　********************************************************结束

　　一、导语    What does beauty really mean？ Everybody has own definition. The standard of beauty changes with different society， culture and nations. Some hold the point that the beautiful appearance is of great importance， which is visible to all. Others have the idea that the spiritual beauty is the loveliest one, which lasts long. However different it might be， their opinions are all acceptable.    什么是美呢？每个人都有自己的定义。美的标准因社会、文化和国度不同而产生差异。有的人认为相貌上的美是最重要、最直观的美，有的人则认为心灵上的美才是最可爱、最长久的美。无论哪种美，这些对美的定义都是有道理的。        二、创设情境    以“What is beauty in your mind”为主题，发表自己的看法，题目自拟。要求：1. 行文流畅，观点鲜明；2. 内容丰富，层次分明；3. 词数150左右。

　　    三、学生习作

　　                                  Beauty will buy no beef    Everyone admires beauty. Nowadays some people tend to think that they own beauty if they have a good looking. They are not satisfied with their appearance. They spend much money taking a kind of operation. Can beauty really be man-made？If so， everybody can get beauty. As a result，there is no beauty at all.    The appearance is given by our parents and is unique in the world. Everyone should value it. I’d ①rather prefer nature as the standard of beauty. Just accept yourself, accept everything the god gives to you，and create the beautiful life ②belong to you.    Many heroes don’t have beautiful surface. However，their beautiful images often come to our minds. Their beauty comes from their contributions to the society.     Don’t be eager to judge whether a person is beautiful or not without a thorough understanding of him. A beautiful person is not the one with a good looking，but with a broad and kind heart.     Good looking is pleasant while spiritual beauty is more important. As an old saying goes，“Virtue is fairer than beauty.”If you have a kind heart，you own real beauty.      【点评】  本文以谚语“漂亮不能当饭吃”为题，直截了当地亮出了自己的观点。全文以“美德胜于美貌”为主线，阐述了“追求外形的美而放弃了内在的美不是真正的美”。文章观点鲜明，结构严谨，用词恰当，作者能运用谚语来强化自己的观点，有较强的英语语言组织能力和表达能力。    本文有两处语言错误：① I’d rather prefer应改为  I’d prefer。would rather表示“宁愿”，prefer也是“宁愿”的意思，两者不能连用在一起。② belong to 改为belonging to，在此处作定语。 (201*内江、广安模拟)

　　Last Saturday we had a party at home. Dad's friends come1.________

　　along with their families. Since Mom was not at home, Dad2.________

　　and I had to prepare everything, so it turned out such a miracle3.________

　　that they did make it! Everything went perfectly fine.4.________

　　A lot of kids who came that day. I had the most wonderful time5.________

　　with Steven. It was just amazed to find someone so much6.________

　　like me. We had a lot of things by common. The time seemed7.________

　　short to me, and I wished we could have had some more time8.________

　　to continue the conversation. Hopeful we're going on9.________

　　a trip together next summer, and also summer after next.10.________

　　答案与解析：

　　1．come→came　整篇文章为一般过去时，应把come改为came。

　　2．√

　　3．so→but　前后语境为转折关系，应把so改为but。

　　4．they→we　根据上文可知作者使用了第一人称，此处指作者和父亲俩人，因此应把they改为we。

　　5．去掉who　本句为简单句，去掉who。

　　6．amazed→amazing　主语为it，应用amazing作表语，表示“令人惊异的”。

　　7．by→in　固定短语have...in common表示“有……相同之处”。

　　8．去掉had　wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语应用情态动词＋动词原形，因此把had去掉。

　　9．Hopeful→Hopefully　副词hopefully放在句首，表示“希望”副词作状语修饰整个句子。

　　10．在also后加the　next summer指明年夏天，the summer after next指后年夏天。

　　近几年的高考《考试说明》中,关于高考英语书面表达评分标准第五档(很好)中有这样一段话:"应用了较多的语法结构和词汇;语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。"这就是说,学生仅运用基础的词汇和基本的句型,不能体现出较强的语言运用能力,即使表达无语法错误,也不能得高分;相反有些错误,目的在有意识地使用复杂结构或较高级词汇,也不扣分,仍属于最高档次。高考把写作要求提到了这样一个高度,有利于反映学生的水平层次,有利于指导教学。原来"要点完整,语言无误,行文连贯,表达清楚"的标准就落后了。

　　,训练最多的,学生们也最习惯的是五种基本句型:①主语+谓语;②主语+谓语+宾语;③主语+谓语+间接宾语;④主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;⑤主语+谓语+宾语+补足语。用这些句型组织的句子单一、无生气,不能给人一种含金量高的审美享受。客观形势对我们提出了高难度的要求,我们怎样才能对书面表达进行科学的操作?怎样才能控制写作呢?本文拟就这一课题进行讨论,希望能给学生以启迪,调动积极性,开拓思维,培养创新精神。

　　,在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句型,要灵活运用各种语法结构,使文章有声有色。

　　例:The bell is ringing now.(一般)

　　There goes the bell! (高级)

　　例:People suggest that the conference be put off.(一般)

　　It is suggested that the conference be put off. (高级)

　　例:He is so kind that he can help me.(一般)

　　He is so kind as to help me.(高级)

　　例:①She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.(一般)

　　Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.(高级)

　　Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.(一般)

　　Once seen, it can never be forgotten.(高级)

　　V-ing形式

　　:①When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.(一般)

　　On arriving/his arrival, please give me an e-mail.(高级)

　　If the weather permits, I'll come tomorrow.(一般)I'll come tomorrow, weather permitting.(高级)

　　例:①It disappointed everybody that he didn't turn up.(一般)

　　The fact that he didn't turn up disappointed everybody.(高级)

　　I happened to have met him.(一般)

　　It happened that I had met him.(高级)

　　To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.(一般)

　　What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.(高级)

　　例:The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.(一般)

　　The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高级)

　　例:①I won't believe what he says.(一般)

　　No matter what he says, I won't believe.(高级)

　　If you come back before six o'clock, you can go out.(一般)

　　You can go out on condition that(provided that) you come back before six o'clock.(高级)

　　If she doesn't agree, what shall we do?(一般)

　　Supposing that she doesn't agree, what shall we do?(高级)

　　根据图画写一篇短文，叙述某天小明与其妈妈发生的故事。

　　要求：1．不仅要表述出图中的内容，还要发表自己的感想；2．字数：100字左右；3．开头已给出。One day, Xiao Ming saw a little girl fall over. He wanted to help the girl up, but his mother stopped him and said, “Don’t do that, otherwise others will think it was you who knocked her down.” A few days later, the mother was shocked to see Xiao Ming just let the fallen oil bottle be. And Xiao Ming said to his mother, “If I did something about the bottle, you would think that it was I who knocked it over.”

　　I disagree with what the mother did in the story.

　　I think parents should set a good example to their children. They should not only care for their children’s health, but their minds. They should let their children know it is a pleasure to help others who are in trouble. We live in the society which is a big family for all of us.

　　Everyone should do something good to build up our society, right?

　　*********************************************************结束

　　【3】

　　Baloney is a kind of sausage that many Americans eat often．The word also has another meaning in English．It is used to describe something—usually something someone says—that is false or wrong or foolish．

　　Baloney sausage comes from the name of the Italian city，Bologna．The city is famous for its sausage，a mixture of smoked，spiced meat from cows and pigs．But，boloney sausage does not taste the same as beef or pork alone．

　　Some language experts think this different taste is responsible for the birth of the expression baloney．Baloney is an idea or statement that is nothing like the truth．．．in the same way that baloney sausage tastes nothing like the meat that is used to make it．Baloney is a word often used by politicians to describe the ideas of their opponents．The expression has been used for years．Fifty years ago，a former governor of New York State，Alfred Smith，criticized some claims by President Franklin Roosevelt about the successes of the Roosevelt administration．Smith said，“No matter how thin you slice is，it is still baloney．”A similar word has almost the same meaning as baloney．It even sounds almost the same．The word is blarney．It began in Ireland about 1600．The lord of Blarney castle，near Cork，agreed to surrender the castle to British troops．But he kept making excuses for postponing the surrender．And，he made them sound like very good excuses，“This is just more of the same blarney．”The Irish castle now is famous for its Blarney stone．Kissing the stone is thought to give a person special powers of speech．One who has kissed the Blarney stone，so the story goes，can speak words of praise so smoothly and sweetly that you believe them，even when you know they are false．

　　1．What’s the main idea of the text？(No more than 5 words)

　　2．According to Americans，what does baloney refer to？(No more than 8 words)

　　3．What do you know about the lord of Blarney castle，near Cork？(No more than 6 words)

　　4．Why do people kiss the Blarney stone？(No more than 6 words)

　　1．The other meaning of baloney．

　　2．It is something false or wrong or foolish．

　　3．He was a clever man．

　　4．To get special powers of speech．

　　写作(共两节，满分40分第二节：读写任务

　　阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文

　　When Sam first got to his boarding school with his parents, he was very happy. He thought he would be able（http://www.unjs.com） to go home every weekend. When he was told he would not, he started crying because the thought of not seeing his parents was driving him crazy.

　　He was given uniforms and all other things that he would need for the term. He started crying when it was time for his parents to leave. He was then taken to the dorm, where he saw other children happy. He tried as much as he could to fit in but could not because his mind was at home. He started feeling homesick (想家) 安定wanted to go homes as soon as possible.

　　He got sick soon because he could not eat the school food. He could not concentrate in the classroom. All he could think was being at home with his family. He had no mobile phone or other means to get in touch with his parents. He was angry and felt lonely. He thought his parents hated him and that was why they left him in a boarding school.

　　[写作内容]

　　1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。

　　2. 以约120个词讲述一次你（或你的朋友）想家的经历，内容包括：

　　⑴时间、地点和起因；

　　想家给学习和生活带来的影响；

　　你（或你朋友）是如何应对的。

　　[写作要求]

　　1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。

　　2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

　　[评分标准]

　　概括准确，语言规范，内容何时，语句连贯。

　　The story is about what Sam felt about his first boarding school life. As a child, he never left his parents, so he didn’t get used to dealing with everything in school independently.

　　Once I had a similar experience. I finished my junior middle school in a boarding school. At the age of 13, I never delt with the daily things, such as washing clothes, taking care of money etc. especially I felt lonely because I hardly knew any people. At first, I could not get on well with my classmates and I always looked forward to being on holiday to meet my parents. I could not concentrate on my subjects. As time went by, I gradually adapted myself to the school life. I made several friends with our classmates and often took part in the activities, in which I improved my communicating skills. As I had a lot of interesting things to do, I finally enjoyed my school life.

　　Now, whenever I think of my first boarding school life, I think it instructive and unforgettable.

　　【解析】

　　1.这是一篇记叙文写作。此话题贴近生活，因为几乎每个学生都进过寄宿制学校，所以真实的经历让学生有话可写；

　　2. 本写作具有一定的开放性。它要求考生充分发挥自己的想象力并运用熟练的语言知识将其表达出来。这充分考查了考生的能力。

　　3. 注意文章的写作内容要齐全，按要求该文章应分为段。第一段：概括；第二段：

　　************************************************************结束

　　短文改错--------二、漏词

　　漏词考查主要集中在：名词前漏冠词；不及物动词后漏掉相应的介词。不定式前少了不该省的to；分句与分句之间往往连词One day, the school held party, where I was invited to talk about Tianjin. (08天津卷It was a lesson to us that it was possible

　　give without

　　expecting

　　anything（09浙江卷）

　　析：在it is/was possible to do sth结构中，动词不定式符合不能省略，因此要在give前加to。

　　三、多词

　　多词考查主要集中在介词、副词、连接词、冠词、不定式符号to、代词、助动词等。这些词大都为虚词，在句子中的作用显得不大，但极易引起误用，是学生语言运用中最常犯的错误。

　　1.The market at the corner of Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to a supermarket.(09全国卷I)

　　析：句子的意思为 “市场把位置让给了一个超市”。这里并不表示被动意义，要将been去掉。

　　2. I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return to your bike on time yesterday.（09全国卷II）

　　析：return to的意思为返回到某地，而在句子中的意思为归还某物，不能加to，要将to去掉。