张静中学2014高考英语一轮阅读题及答案一八
Health, Wellness and the Politics of Food
9：00—9：45 a．m. Blue Tent
Panelists (成员)：Jami Bernard, David Kamp, Marion Nestle and Peter Singer.
Hosted by Denise Grady, science writer for the New York Times.
How does what we eat not only affect our bodies, but also the world？The food and nutrition experts debate the role that the diet plays in both personal and global health, and present a look at food politics.
Sports Writing：For the Love of the Game
9：50—10：35 a．m. Blue Tent
Panelists：Christine Brennan, Ira Rosen, Joe Wallace and Joe Drape.
Hosted by William C． Rhoden, sports writer for the New York Times.
Whether catching that key moment of victory or defeat, or covering breaking news, sports writers are anything but audience. Listen as some professionals discuss the special experience in reporting of sports news.
※
The Art of the Review
11：15—12：00 a．m. Green Tent
Panelists: John Freeman, Barry Gewen, David Orr, Celia McGee and Jennifer Schuessler.
Hosted by Sam Tanenhaus, editor for the New York Times Book Review.
How much of an effect does the book review have on book sales？Join this group of critics(评论家) as they discuss the reality of book review and best-seller lists, and how they choose books for review.
※New York Writers, New York Stories
3：00—3：45 p．m. Green Tent
Panelists: Cindy Adams, Richard Cohen, Ric Klass and Lauren Redniss.
Hosted by Clyde Haberman, columnist (专栏作家) for the City Section of the New York Times.
Join this inspiring group of New York-centric writers as they talk about why New York is a gold mine of ideas for their work.
()11.If you are free in the afternoon, you can attend________.
A．The Art of the Review
B．New York Writers, New York Stories
C．Health, Wellness and the Politics of Food
D．Sports Writing: For the Love of the Game
()12.If you like sports writing, you will most probably ________.
A．go to Blue Tent at 11：15 a．m
B．enjoy Jami Bernard’s talk
C．listen to Christine Brennan
D．attend the Art of the Review
()13.Sam Tanenhaus is in charge of ________.
A．The Art of the Review
B．Health, Wellness and the Politics of Food
C．New York Writers, New York Stories
D．Sports Writing：For the Love of the Game
()14.All the four activities above ________.
A．are about writing
B．will last 45 minutes each
C．can be attended freely
D．will attract many readers
()15.We can learn from the text that________.
A．sports writers are a type of audience
B．the New York Times is popular
C．Denise Grady will discuss politics
D．book reviews may affect book sales（二）
本文是广告阅读，主要介绍四项活动开展的时间、成员、主办者及活动的基本内容。
11．B 细节理解题。比较四项活动举行的时间，可判断只有“New York Writers, New York Stories”在下午举行，故选B。
12．C 细节理解题。根据第二个活动的介绍可判断选C。
13．A 细节理解题。根据The Art of the Review…Hosted by Sam Tanenhaus, editor for The New York Times Book Review.可判断选A。
14．B 推理判断题。计算四项活动举行的时间可推断四项活动举行的时间都长达45分钟，故选B。
15．D 推理判断题。根据How much of an effect does the book review have on book sales？Join this group of critics(评论家) as they discuss the reality of book review and best-seller lists, and how they choose books for review可判断选D。Ⅰ.完形填空
Words：342 难度系数：★★★ 建议用时：17分钟
Another person’s enthusiasm was what set me moving
toward the success I have achieved.That person was my
stepmother.
I was nine years old when she entered our home in rural Virginia.My father
__1__
me to her with these words：“I would like you to meet the fellow who is
__2__
for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no
__3__
than tomorrow morning.”
My stepmother walked over to me, __4__
my head
slightly upward，and looked me right in the eye.Then she
looked at my father and replied，“You are __5__.This is
not the worst boy at all，__6__
the smartest one who hasn’t yet found an outlet(释放的途径)for his enthusiasm.”
That statement began a(n) __7__
between us.No
one had ever called me smart.My family and neighbors had built me up in my __8__ as a bad boy.My stepmother
changed all that.
She changed many things.She __9__ my father to go
to a dental school，from which he graduated with honors.She moved our family into the county seat，where my father’s career could be more
__10__
and my brothers and I
could be better __11__.
When I turned fourteen，she bought me a secondhand __12__
and told me that she believed that I could become a writer.I knew her enthusiasm，I
__13__
it，and I saw how it had already improved our lives.I accepted her __14__ and began to write for local newspapers.I was doing the same kind of
__15__
that great day I went to interview Andrew Carnegie and received the task which became my life’s work later.I wasn’t the
__16__
beneficiary(受益者)．My father became the __17__
man in town.My brothers and stepbrothers became a physician，a dentist，a lawyer，and a college president.
What power __18__
has! When that power is released to support the certainty of one’s purpose and is __19__strengthened by faith，it becomes an irresistible(不可抗拒的)force
which
poverty
and
temporary
defeat
can never __20__.
You can communicate that power to anyone who needs it.This is probably the greatest work you can do with your enthusiasm.
【解题导语】 继母的出现改变了作者的一生，也让整个家庭旧貌换新颜。她的热情深深感染了作者，让作者领悟到了热情的神奇力量。
1．A.rushedB．sent
C．carried
D．introduced解析：选D。根据作者的父亲所说的话可知他是在把作者“介绍”给作者的继母。
2．A.distinguished
B．favored
C．mistaken
D．rewarded
解析：选A。在父亲的眼中，作者不是一个好孩子，而以本地最坏的孩子“著称”。distinguished“著名的”。
3．A.sooner
B．later
C．longer
D．earlier
解析：选B。父亲认为作者是本地最坏的孩子，显然不会轻而易举地接受继母，不“迟于”明天早上就会向她扔石头。
4．A.dragged
B．shook
C．raised
D．bent
解析：选C。根据本段后半部分继母的话可知她不赞同作者父亲的观点，而是非常欣赏作者，认为作者只是没有把潜能发挥出来，因此表现出来的是爱意，所以是轻轻地“扶起”作者的头。A项表示“拉”；B项表示“摇动”；C项表示“扶起，抬起”；D项表示“倾斜”。
5．A.perfect
B．right
C．wrong
D．impolite
解析：选C。根据引号中的话可知她认为作者父亲的观点是“错误的”。
6．A.but
B．so
C．and
D．or
解析：选A。他根本不是最坏的孩子，而是还没有找到释放热情的途径的最聪明的孩子。本句是“not...but...”结构，表示“不是……而是……”。
7．A.agreement
B．friendship
C．gap
D．relationship
解析：选B。作者没有想到继母会如此欣赏自己，自然一开始就与她建立了“友谊”。两个人本来就是母子关系，所以D项不恰当。
8．A.opinion
B．image
C．expectation
D．mind
解析：选D。作者的家人和邻居已经让作者在脑海中形成了根深蒂固的观念，认为自己是一个坏男孩。
9．A.begged
B．persuaded
C．ordered
D．invited
解析：选B。根据本句后半部分的内容可知她“说服”了作者的父亲去上牙医学校。
10．A.successful
B．meaningful
C．helpful
D．useful
解析：选A。她搬家的目的是想让作者父亲的事业更加“成功”。最后两项的意思基本相同，可排除。
11．A.treated
B．entertained
C．educated
D．respected
解析：选C。根据下一段开头部分提到的作者的年龄可推测她搬家也是为了让孩子更好地“受教育”。
12．A.camera
B．radio
C．bicycle
D．typewriter
解析：选D。她相信作者可以成为一名作家，结合选项，继母应该是给作者买了一台二手“打字机”。
13．A.considered
B．suspected
C．ignored
D．appreciated
解析：选D。她发现了作者的写作才能并加以鼓励，作者自然对此非常“感激”。
14．A.belief
B．request
C．criticism
D．description
解析：选A。作者接受了她的“信念”。此处与该段第一句话中的believed相呼应。
15．A.teaching
B．writing
C．studying
D．reading解析：选B。上文叙述的是“写作”的事情，再根据空处前面的“the same kind of”可知选B项。
16．A.next
B．same
C．only
D．real
解析：选C。根据后面两句话的内容可知作者不是“唯一的”受益者。
17．A.cleverest
B．wealthiest
C．strongest
D．healthiest
解析：选B。上文提到继母说服了作者的父亲去上牙医学校，并举家搬迁以便让他的事业更加成功，由此可推断作者的父亲成为了城镇中最“富有的”人。
18．A.enthusiasm
B．sympathy
C．fortune
D．confidence
解析：选A。所有的这一切都是“热情”的力量！文章中多次出现的关键词enthusiasm也是答案提示。
19．A.deliberately
B．happily
C．traditionally
D．constantly
解析：选D。当热情释放的能量来支撑一个人的目标，并且这一能量“不断地”被信仰强化时，它就会产生不可抗拒的力量。
20．A.win
B．match
C．reach
D．doubt
解析：选B。热情所释放出来的巨大能量是贫穷和暂时的失败所不能“匹敌”的。
Tom arrived at the bus station quite early for Paris bus. The bus for Paris would not leave until five to twelve. He saw a lot of people waiting in the station. Some were standing in line(排队), others were walking around. There was a group of schoolgirls. Their teacher was trying to keep them in line. Tom looked around but there was no place for him to sit.
He walked into the station cafe(咖啡馆). He looked up at the clock there. It was only twenty to twelve. He found a seat and sat down before a large mirror(镜子) on the wall. Just then, Mike, one of Tom’s workmates came in and sat with Tom.
“What time is your bus?” asked Mike.
“There’s plenty of time yet,” answered Tom.
“Well, I’ll get you some more tea then,” said Mike.
They talked while drinking. Then Tom looked at the clock again. “Oh! It’s going backward(倒行)!” he cried. “A few minutes ago it was twenty to twelve and now it’s half past eleven.”
“You’re looking at the clock in the mirror.” said Mike. Tom was so sad(难过). The next bus was not to leave for another hour. Since then Tom has never liked mirrors. 58. Tom went into the station cafe because
.
A. Mike asked him to have a cup of tea
B. it was quite early and he could find a seat there
C. he didn’t like to stay with the schoolgirls
D. he wanted to have a drink with his workmate there
59. What time was it in fact when Tom looked at the clock in the mirror? A. Half past twelve
B. Twenty to twelve C. Half past eleven
D. Half past one
60. From the story we know that when we look at a clock in a mirror, we will find A. the time is right
B. it’s going slower C. it’s going backward
D. it’s going faster
61. Which of the following is true? A. Tom arrived in Paris on time B. The next bus would leave in half an hour C. After that Tom didn’t like clocks any longer D. Tom looked at the clock in the mirror only once
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科普知识型阅读理解(一)
(一)
When top engineers in Germany wanted to build a more energy-efficient car, they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks. But it was the boxfish (盒子鱼)that interested them.
“We were surprised when this clumsy-looking fish became our model for designing an aerodynamic (空气动力学的)car”，says Thomas Weber. He is the research and development chief for the car company Daimler. An aerodynamic design reduces wind drag and increases fuel efficiency.
The boxfish may look clumsy, but it can start, stop，back up and zigzag (曲折前进)through the water with ease. And it does all this using surprisingly little energy. Daimler’s bionic (仿生学的)car is modeled on the fish’s boxy skeletal (骨骼的) system. Like the fish, the car is fast and drives easily. It’s efficient too.
The science behind nature-inspired inventions is called biomimicry (生物仿生). Biologist Janine Benyus came up with the term. As co-founder of the Biomimicry Guild, she has worked with cereal companies，sneaker designers and others to develop products based on Nature’s best ideas.
This month，the Nature’s 100 Best List will be revealed at the World Conservation Congress (代表大会)in Barcelona，Spain. Benyus co-authored the list of nature-inspired designs with economist Gunter Pauli.
In Zimbabwe，a country in southern Africa，engineers designed energy-efficient buildings modeled on termite (白蚁)mounds (土堆). The buildings use vents (孔) to keep the air flowing and the temperature cool.
A company in Atlanta，US，developed a self-cleaning paint modeled on the lotus (荷花)leaf. When the paint dries，it becomes bumpy (不平的)，just like the lotus leaf. Rain drops form on the bumps and roll off，carrying dirt along with them.
Nature has done billions of years of research. Only the best-designed products have survived. Companies owe Mother Nature a debt for all that hard work，says Benyus.
For scientists and inventors, the possibilities for copying nature are limitless. Technology may never be as efficient as nature, or as colorful. But that doesn’t mean we should stop trying to learn from the world around us. Take a walk outside. Watch a squirrel climb up a tree. Look closely at the veins (纹理)of a leaf. Hear the birds chirping in the trees. Such small details may help solve big problems in the future.
()6.Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A． In America a self-cleaning paint was modeled on the lotus flower.
B． Zimbabwe engineers learned from termites to create highly advanced heating systems.
C． After the boxfish，many other ideas of new products are borrowed from nature.
D． Nature is a good source to turn to for improving technology.
()7.The clumsy-looking boxfish interested the scientists because of the following reasons EXCEPT that________.
A． it swims using little energy
B． being boxy, it looks quite like a car
C． some engineers had researched on how to swim easily in the water
D． it is a speedy swimmer
()8.Why did top engineers in Germany go to the natural history museum?
A． They wanted to pay a visit to the animals there because they were so lovely.
B． They wanted to carry out a research of boxfish and dolphins.
C． They wanted to search for a model to base on for building a more-efficient car.
D． They wanted to study the science of survival.
()9.We can infer all of the following from the passage EXCEPT ________.
A． it is believed that the creation of the airplane might have originated from the bird flying in the sky
B． the atmosphere on the earth cannot be transferred into the original idea
C． dolphins and sharks may become the source of scientists，inventions or creations
D． if you observe and explore nature，you may make great discoveries or become great inventors
()10.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A． How Daimler’s bionic car came into being.
B． Nature has inspired a lot of inventions and will continue to.
C． Scientists and inventors’ contribution to modern industry comes from nature.
D． The Nature’s 100 Best List.(一)
本文为科普说明文，主要介绍在生物仿生学上的一些运用实例。
6．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段可推断大自然是开发技术的源泉，故选D。A项不符合A company in Atlanta, US, developed a self-cleaning paint modeled on the lotus (荷花) leaf；B项不符合In Zimbabwe, a country in southern Africa, engineers designed energy-efficient buildings modeled on termite (白蚁)mounds (土堆)；C项文章未提及。
7．C 细节理解题。选项中A、B、D三项均符合第三段The boxfish may look clumsy, but it can start, stop, back up and zigzag (曲折前进)through the water with ease. And it does all this using surprisingly little energy. Daimler’s bionic (仿生学的)car is modeled on the fish’s boxy skeletal (骨骼的) system.唯有C项不符合文意，故选C。
8．C 细节理解题。根据第一段When top engineers in Germany wanted to build a more energy-efficient car, they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks.可判断选C。
9．B 推理判断题。本文主要介绍在生物仿生学上的一些运用实例，从而说明大自然是开发技术的源泉。A、C和D三项都符合生物仿生的道理，而B项无法从文中推断出来，故选B。
10．B 主旨大意题。本文先是介绍生物仿生学的一些实际应用，而后在最后一段深化主题：大自然已经激发了很多发明，但我们仍需继续向大自然学习，故选B。