选修八综合能力检测
(时间：120分钟 满分：135分 得分：________)
Ⅰ语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1－15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
The aim of writing a letter of application is to help you to “sell” yourself.It should state __1__ the job you want, and should tell what your abilities are and what you have __2__.It should be simple, human, personal and brief without __3__ out any necessary fact.
In writing a letter of application, bear in mind that the things a possible employer is most __4__ to want to know about are your qualifications, your achievements and your aims.The opening paragraph is perhaps the most important part.If the first few sentences fail to __5__ the reader's attention, the rest of the letter may not be __6__ at all.Try to key your opening remarks to the needs or interests of the employer not to your own need or desire.For example, instead of beginning with “I saw your __7__ in today's paper.” you might say “I have made a careful study of your advertising during the past six months” or “I have made a survey in my neighborhood to find out how many housewives __8__ your product and why they like it.”
Try to __9__ generalities.Be clear about the kind of job for which you are now __10__.College graduates looking for their first positions often ask “What can I __11__ in a letter? Employers want experience, which, naturally, no __12__ has.” The answer is that everything you have ever done is __13__.
It is important to write a good strong closing for your letter.__14__ a specific request for an interview or give the possible employer something definite to do or expect.An excellent __15__ is to enclose (内附) a stamped, selfaddressed (写上自己地址的) envelope with your letter.That makes it easier for a possible employer to get in touch with you.
1．A.clearly
B．carefully
C．obviously
D．easily
2．A.found
B．done
C．known
D．heard
3．A.sending
B．taking
C．leaving
D．picking
4．A.probable
B．possible
C．likely
D．able
5．A.pay
B．win
C．show
D．fix
6．A.kept
B．continued
C．written
D．read
7．A.advertisement
B．report
C．article
D．introduction
8．A.change
B．make
C．sell
D．use
9．A.avoid
B．remember
C．protect
D．gain
10．A.losing
B．applying
C．preparing
D．fitting
11．A.offer
B．supply
C．mean
D．provide
12．A.worker
B．beginner
C．owner
D．manager
13．A.success
B．development
C．practice
D．experience
14．A.Make
B．Ask
C．State
D．Get
15．A.result
B．decision
C．promise
D．idea
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
A good teacher is many things to many people.In my own experience, the people I respect most are the teachers (16)________ demanded the most discipline from their students.
I miss one teacher in particular that I had in high school.I think she was a good teacher because she was a very strict person.I remember very (17)________ (clear) a sign over her classroom door.It was (18)________ simple sign that said, “Laboratory—in this room the first five letters of the word was emphasized, not the last seven.” In other words, I guess, labor (19)________ her was more important than oratory, which means (20)________ (make) speeches.
She prepared her work very carefully and demanded us to do the same.We got lots of homework from her.(21)________ she had broken her arm, and everybody in the class thought that maybe the homework (22)________ (reduce), but it continued just the same.She checked our work by stamping her name at the bottom of the papers to show that she had read (23)________．
I think sometimes teachers who demand most are liked (24)________．But (25)________ time goes by, this discipline really seems to benefit the students.
Ⅱ阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
A
In Shanghai's Grand Theater, a fashionable, mainly young audience applauds enthusiastically as Guo Yong takes center stage.He holds a large bushy tree branch with leaves.Blowing on one of the leaves, he produces a sound like the singing of birds as he plays a traditional Buyi folk song.Some other musicians are also playing the traditional instruments from various ethnic groups in China.
It's the first time such music has ever been performed in the Grand Theater.But all this is the efforts of Zhu Zheqin, a Cantoneseborn singer, who has made it her mission to help preserve China's traditional ethnic music.
Several years ago, after being appointed a United Nations Development Program ambassador, Zhu traveled through some of China's remotest regions in an attempt to document the traditional music of various minority groups.In the course other fourmonth trip, she recorded more than a thousand songs.But she noticed that many of the best musicians were old, and some of the music was at risk of dying out.
“I was shocked by the beauty of what I heard—it was so good，” she says.“But it needed support.I hope to let people see the beauty of these things in the contemporary times.”
So Zhu decided to introduce some of the musicians to a wider audience.By doing this, she hopes to rekindle (再次点燃) the interest of the younger generation.“Young people don't like this music much; they prefer pop music and love songs.They think these songs are something their grandma sings.This kind of repackaging gives young people a new door into their heritage.”
Zhu believes China needs to look again at its own roots.“China today is basically all Western art; in our conservatories (音乐学院) Western classical music is the top，” she says.“For China to really contribute to the world, we need to go on our own path.So what can represent China today？” The answer, she suggests, is to move from “made in China” to “created in China”．
26．From the first paragraph, we learn that ________.
A．the audience are all young people
B．Guo Yong is playing the Buyi folk music
C．Guo Yong is the only minority performer on the stage
D．tree branches make good musical instruments
27．Which of the following is TRUE of Zhu Zheqin?
A.She teaches music in a conservatories.
B.She is helping preserve Chinese ethnic music.
C.She works as an official in the United Nations.
D.She's created all the music for the Grand Theater.
28．Zhu Zheqin traveled to some of China's remotest regions to ________.
A.record the traditional ethnic music
B.help the local musicians play the music
C.show the UN Chinese musical traditions
D.enjoy the music of various ethnic groups
29．What is Zhu Zheqin's idea about Chinese traditional music?
A．It is completely out of date.
B．Only old musicians play it well.
C．It needs changes to attract young people.
D．It is quickly dying out.
30．What does Zhu Zheqin mean in the last paragraph?
A.The traditional music should be repackaged.
B.Chinese conservatories shouldn't teach Western music.
C.China has contributed a lot to the Western art.
D.Only the things created in China can be symbols of China.
B
Teens don't understand the big fuss (小题大做)．As the first generation to grow up in a wired world, they hardly know a time when computers weren't around, and they eagerly catch the chance to spend hours online, chatting with friends, so what?
But researchers nationwide are increasingly worried that teens are becoming isolated, less skillful at persontoperson relationships, and perhaps numb to the cheatings that are so much a part of the email world.“And a teen's sense of self and values may be changed in a world where personal connections can be limitless，” said Shetty Turkle.
Another researcher, Robert Kraut, said he's worried about the “opportunity costs” of so much online time for youths.He found that teens who used computers, even just a few hours a week, showed increased signs of loneliness and social isolation.“Chatting online may be better than watching television, but it's worse than hanging out with real friends，” he said.
Today's teens, however, don't see anything strange in the fact that the computer takes up a central place in their social lives.“School is busy and full of pressure.There's almost no time to just hang out，” said Parker Rice, 17.“Talking online is just to catch up time.”
Teens say they feel good about what they say online or taking the time to think about a reply.Some teens admit that asking someone for a date, or breaking up, can be easier in message form, though they don't want to do so.But they insist there's no harm.
31．The researchers argue that ________.
A．teens may develop a different sense of values
B．nothing is wrong with teens' chatting online
C．teens can manage their social connections
D．spending hours online does much good to teens
32．Teens think that talking online can help them ________.
A．use computers properly
B．improve their school work
C．develop an interest in social skills
D．reduce their mental pressures
33．The text mainly deals with ________.
A．teens' pleasant online experience
B．teens' computer skills and school work
C．the effects of the computer world on teens
D．different opinions on teens' chatting online
34．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Teens are more skillful at persontoperson relationships.
B．Teens showed decreasing signs of loneliness and social isolation.
C．Chatting online is worse than hanging out with real friends.
D．Asking someone for a date, or breaking up, can be more difficult in message form.
35．The purpose of the text is to ________.
A．describe computer research results
B．draw attention to teens' computer habits
C．suggest ways to deal with problem teens
D．discuss problems teens have at school
C
As kids, my friends and I spent a lot of time out in the woods.“The woods” was our parttime address, destination, purpose, and excuse.If I went to a friend's house and found him not at home, his mother might say, “Oh, he's out in the woods，” with a tone (语气) of airy acceptance.It's similar to the tone people sometimes use nowadays to tell me that someone I'm looking for is on the golf course or at the gym, or even “away from his desk”．For us tenyearolds, “being out in the woods” was just an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while.
We sometimes told ourselves that what we were doing in the woods was exploring (探索)．Exploring was a more popular idea back then than it is today.History seemed to be mostly about explorers.Our explorations, though, seemed to have less system than the historic kind: something usually came up along the way.Say we stayed in the woods, throwing rocks, shooting frogs, picking blackberries, digging in what we were briefly persuaded was an Indian burial mound.
Often we got “lost” and had to climb a tree to find out where we were.If you read a story in which someone does that successfully, be skeptical;_the topmost branches are usually too skinny to hold weight, and we could never climb high enough to see anything except other trees.There were four or five trees that we visited regularly—tall beeches, easy to climb and comfortable to sit in.
It was in a tree, too, that our days of fooling around in the woods came to an end.By then some of us has reached seventh grade and had begun the rough ride of adolescence (青春期)．In March, the month when we usually took to the woods again after winter, two friends and I set out to go exploring.We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the same time that we really were rather big to be up in a tree.Soon there would be the spring dances on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteria.
36．The author and his friends were often out in the woods to ________.
A．spend their free time
B．play golf and other sports
C．avoid doing their schoolwork
D．keep away from their parents
37．What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A．The activities in the woods were well planned.
B．Human history is not the result of exploration.
C．Exploration should be a systematic activity.
D．The author explored in the woods aimlessly.
38．The underlined word “skeptical” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.
A．calm
B．doubtful
C．serious
D．optimistic
39．The reason why we visited the four or five trees regularly is the following except that ________.
A．they were tall beeches
B．they were easy to climb
C．they were not high to climb
D．they were comfortable to sit in
40．How does the author feel about his childhood?
A．Happy but short.
B．Lonely but memorable.
C．Boring and meaningless.
D．Long and unforgettable.
D
Many animals recognize their food because they see it.So do humans.When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat.You can also use other senses when you choose your food.You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good.You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice.Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food.A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.
Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type.The giant panda eats only one particular type of bamboo.Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice.A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden.However, most animals have a more varied diet.The bear eats fruits and fish.The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits.The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.
Humans have a very varied diet.We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us.In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar.This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health.Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health.Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.
41．We can infer from the text that humans and animals ________.
A．depend on one sense in choosing food
B．are not satisfied with their food
C．choose food in similar ways
D．eat entirely different food
42．Which of the following eats only one type of food?
A．The white butterfly.
B．The small bird.
C．The bear.
D．The fox.
43．Certain animals change their choice of food when ________.
A．the season changes
B．the food color changes
C．they move to different places
D．they are attracted by different smells
44．We can learn from the last paragraph that ________.
A．food is chosen for a good reason
B．French and British food is good
C．some people have few choices of food
D．some people care little about healthy diet
45．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Animals often use senses to eat their food.
B．Most animals have a more varied diet.
C．All animals spend their lives eating one type of food.
D．The diet of birds and fox will be the same depending on the season.
第二节 信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分， 满分10分)
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
首先请阅读下列几种学习英浯的方法：
A．Practice speaking as often as you can—even speaking to yourself is good practice.Try recording yourself whenever you can.
B．It helps if you can learn with someone else.If you can persuade a friend or family member to study with you, it will make you keep working.Agree times to meet and set goals for the week.And test each other regularly.
C．Practice improvising (即兴的) ways of getting your meaning across, even if you don't know the exact words or phrases.Think of things you might want to say whenever you have time.An example is the use of tenses.Use facial expressions, hand movements, anything to get your meaning across.
D．Guesswork is important in learning a new language.When listening to recorded material, you aren't expected to understand everything the first round.If you play the same piece several times, you will most probably understand something new each time.Learn to make maximum (最大限度) use of all the clues (提示) you can pick up.
E．A wide vocabulary is the key to successful language learning, but don't try to learn too much vocabulary at once.
F．If you are the person on the bus, street or restaurant asking how you can improve your English, you are on the right track.The only way to improve your speaking is by speaking.Don't worry about a bad accent or forgetting words or not being understood.
以下是学习者在学习英语中所遇到的闲难。请将这些困难与他们所对应的学习方法匹配起来。
46．Jack's vocabulary is very small.He is very anxious to improve his English.Therefore, he wants to enlarge his vocabulary in a short time and tries his best to memorize new words as many as possible at a time.
47．Margret's pronunciation is poor.And she doesn't know how to improve her pronunciation.She is very worried and doesn't know what to do.
48．Alice has difficulty in understanding the meaning of the English text.So she looks up the new words in the dictionary in order to understand everything.However, she made little progress in English.
49．Although Peter wants to communicate with people on the bus when he is on the way home, he is afraid of being laughed at because of his poor accent.
50．Lynne can't express herself clearly in English because she sometimes forgets some key words and doesn't know the tenses exactly.
Ⅲ写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 基础写作(共1小题，满分15分)
[写作内容]
假如你班上明天要进行英文辩论比赛，讨论时间和金钱哪个更宝贵，你现在要写一篇简短的辩论稿。内容包括：
论点 时间比金钱更为宝贵
论据 1.失去的金钱可以再挣回来，失去的时间却永不复返；
2．人的一生是有限的，高中生学习的时间更是珍贵的；3．时间珍贵却不稀有，正因为如此，时间很容易被浪费，所以时间显得特别珍贵。
结论 我们应该养成珍惜时间的习惯，决不要把今天的事留到明天。
[写作要求]
1．只能用5个句子表达全部内容；
2．短文的标题已给出，不计入总句数。
[评分标准]
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
Time Is More Valuable than Money
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第二节 读写任务(共1小题，满分25分)
阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Most people think it's fine to be “busy as a beaver (海狸)．” But actually, although beavers may work hard, often they don't get much done.
Beavers are good at building dams and most beaver dams are wonders of engineering.The best ones are strongly built of trees, stones, and mud.They are wide at the bottom and narrow at the top.
Beavers think nothing of building a dam more than two hundred feet long.One dam, in Montana, was more than two thousand feet long.The largest one ever seen was in New Hampshire.It stretched four thousand feet.It made a lake large enough to hold forty beaver homes.
So beavers do build good dams.But they don't always build them in the right places.They just don't plan.They will build a dam across the widest part of the stream.They don't try to find a place where the stream is narrow.So a lot of their hard work is wasted.
Beavers should learn that it's not enough to be busy.You have to know what you're doing, too.For example, there was one Oregon beaver that really was a worker.It decided to fix a hole in a manmade dam.After five days of work it gave up.The hole it was trying to fill was the space that boats go through.
[写作内容]
1．以约30词概括上文的主要内容；
2．以约120词就“制定规划与达成目标”这一主题进行议论，内容包括：
(1)海狸修水坝的故事给你的启示是什么？
(2)请结合你的生活经历阐述“制定规划与达成目标”之间的关系。
[写作要求]
1．作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
[评分标准]
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
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选修八综合能力检测
Ⅰ语言知识及应用
第一节 完形填空
本文主要告诉读者如何写好求职信。
1．A 求职信上应该“清楚地”陈述你所要申请的职位。
2．B 信上要写明你的能力和“工作经历”。
3．C leave out 遗漏。
4．C be likely to很可能……。A、B两项不能修饰人，D项与句意不符。
5．B 开头几句没有能够“吸引到”读者的注意。
6．D 如果开头几句吸引不了读者，其余部分对方就不会去“看”了。
7．A 由下文的your advertising可知是指对方在报上刊登的招聘“广告”。
8．D 下文说“她们为什么喜欢”，可见与“使用”是相联系的，故选D。
9．A generality意为“笼统”。句意：说清楚你的需求，不要过于笼统抽象。
10．B apply for申请。既然是求职信，当然是为了“申请工作”。
11．D 求职信中应该给对方“提供”什么信息呢。
12．B 由前面的“no...has experience”可知只有刚开始找工作的graduates没有经验，因此选B。
13．D 从上下文可以看出，此处意为“只要你做过的事都可以称为经验/经历”。
14．A make a request for something恳请，要求。
15．D 在信内附上一张有地址和邮票的信封是个好“主意”。
第二节 语法填空
作者阐述了最受人尊敬的老师是那些要求学生最严格的老师的观点。尽管严厉的老师有时会是学生最不喜欢的，但是随着时间的推移，受过严格训练的学生是受益的。
16．that/who 定语从句的先行词为teachers，从句中缺少主语，故用that/who引导。
17．clearly 修饰动词remember，作状语，要用副词。
18．a 这是“一块”简单的招牌。
19．for 表示“对某人来说”要用介词for。
20．making mean doing sth.意味着做某事。
21．Once 两句间已有连词and，可见这里不是填连词，因缺时间状语，故用表示“曾经，有一次”的once。
22．would be reduced 当时大家认为可能会减少作业，应当用过去将来时；又因the homework与reduce是动宾关系，故用过去将来时的被动语态。
23．them 替代上文的papers。
24．least 与most相对应的是least。
25．as 引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”，要用as。
Ⅱ阅读
第一节 阅读理解
A
本文讲述了歌手朱哲琴将中国少数民族传统音乐整理再包装后向年轻人推广，并呼吁重视传统、找到真正能代表本民族的东西。
26．B 细节理解题。由第一段第三句可知答案。
27．B 细节理解题。由第二段第二句可知答案为B。“联合国发展计划大使”相当于形象代言人，并也参与活动的推广，但不是联合国工作人员。
28．A 细节理解题。第三段第一句可知朱哲琴寻访偏远地区的目的是要记录下当地少数民族的传统音乐。
29．C 细节理解题。由第四段朱哲琴的话以及第五段最后一句中的“repacking (重装包装)”可知选C。
30．D 推理判断题。最后一段谈到“什么能够代表中国”，然后又提出由“中国制造”转变为“中国创造”，可知选D。
B
本文主要讲述调查者认为网络对青少年会造成不良影响。
31．A 推理判断题。A项讲述一些调查人员分别陈述他们对青少年迷恋网络的观点，而B、C、D项全是讲述网络对青少年造成的不良影响，而不是要争论的问题。
32．D 细节理解题。从第四、五段可看出，由于青少年的压力太大，上网对他们来说可以放松自己，减少他们的精神压力。
33．D 主旨大意题。通过文中的researchers, researcher, Teens say等字眼可看出D项为正确答案。
34．C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知选C。
35．B 主旨大意题。通过调查者的不同观点以及第一段第一句话可看出作者认为应引起社会关注。
C
本文是作者对童年时代的美好回忆和感悟。
36．A 推理判断题。作者在文章第一段末尾提到“对我们这些10来岁的孩子们来说，出来到树林里(being out in the woods)就是一个借口，让我们能有一段能做我们想要做的任何事情的自由时光”。故选A。
37．D 推理判断题。作者在第二段第四句中提到“我们在林中的探索远不像历史上的探险家们的远征探索那样系统化，有目的”，接着作者又列举了他们在林中的一些活动，包括扔石头、射青蛙、捡草莓，甚至挖着他们当作是印第安人坟墓的土墩，都说明他们在林中的探索并无既定目标，也没有事先安排。
38．B 词义猜测题。文章第三段第二句的意思是“如果你在某篇文章中读到有人成功做到这点(指爬到树顶观察周围环境确定方向)的话，你要当心了(这是值得怀疑的)，因为最靠近树顶端的枝条太弱，无法承重，而且你也不可能找到一棵其树端能高出其他树很多，足够你观察四周的大树。”这里的skeptical的意思是“令人怀疑的”。
39．C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句可知答案选C。
40．A 推理判断题。通读这篇文章后可以看出，作者在描述自己的童年时光时用了许多褒义的修饰语，如“free”， “exploring”， “comfortable”等，不难看出作者对自己的童年是感到幸福且充满怀念。文章最后一句意为“很快我们就只能周五晚上在中学自助餐厅跳舞了(长大了，不能待在树上玩耍了)”，可知童年时光也是“短暂的”，故选A。
D
世界上有少数动物仅以某些特定的食物为生，但大多数动物和我们人类一样食物范围广泛。危险的是，有时我们人类挑选食物仅从口味出发，而忽略了健康的需要。
41．C 推理判断题。在第二段中，作者虽然提到了某些动物有特定的狭窄的食谱范围，但随即话锋一转，指出“most animals have a more varied diet”，同时又在第三段开头处指出“Humans have a very varied diet.”，据此可推断出C项为正确答案。
42．A 细节理解题。由第二段中列举某些动物有特定的狭窄的食谱范围时提到的“A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden.”可判定A项为正确答案。
43．A 细节理解题。由第二段结尾“The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.”可知选A。
44．D 推理判断题。作者在文章的最后一段列举了人类的某些不良饮食习惯，例如吃肉类食品过多、摄入糖分过多等，都说明了有些人对健康饮食的漠视，故选D。
45．B 细节理解题。根据第二段可知选B。
第二节 信息匹配
46．E 关键信息“enlarge his vocabulary, as many as possible at a time”与E项中的“A wide vocabulary, don't try to learn too much vocabulary at once”匹配。
47．A 关键信息“how to improve her pronunciation”与A项中的“Practice speaking as often as you can”匹配。
48．D 关键信息“looks up the new words in the dictionary in order to understand everything”与D项中的“Guesswork, understand something new each time”匹配。
49．F 关键信息“communicate with people on the bus, his poor accent”与F项中的“on the bus, improve your English, a bad accent”匹配。
50．C 关键信息“can't express herself clearly”与C项中的“Practice improvising ways of getting your meaning across”匹配。
Ⅲ写作
第一节 基础写作
范文诵读：
Time Is More Valuable than Money
People often say, “Time is money，” but in fact time is more valuable than money.When money is spent, we can earn it back, but when time is lost, it will never return.The time we have in all our life is limited, and it is even more precious for us senior students.Time is easily lost because of the fact that it is not scarce though it is limited, so it should be valued most.
In a word, we should get into the good habits of saving time and never leave what can be done today until tomorrow.
第二节 读写任务
范文诵读：
Beavers are very diligent dambuilders who can build extremely good dams.However, they sometimes don't know where to build the dams or which dams should be fixed only because they have no consciousness to make a plan.
The beavers' story illustrates the importance of planning.Without a plan the best intentions and efforts will not produce results.We shouldn't work blindly but have a clear idea of our purpose, the actions needed to achieve it, and how these should be ordered.
As a junior student, I achieved considerable success in learning English through the combination of hard work and planning.I prepared good materials with the help of my teacher, made plans for my daily study and selfmonitored the whole process of my learning.I made rapid progress and became very confident.I think I couldn't have done it without a good plan.
Diligence is a key to success, but in my opinion, good plan is also essential.Through planning, we can develop clear goals, find more efficient and effective methods and thus have more opportunities to reach our goals than through hardworking alone.