泉州市2014高考英语文章突破一轮训练（28）及答案
Washington: A research conducted at the University of Maryland looks at the numerous complex reasons as to why young children decide to include or exclude (排斥) other kids from their group of friends. It suggests that the kids' decision-making process is much more complex than previously believed. "They take into account group information, ranging from cliques (小圈子) and networks, when deciding what makes a group work well. Sometimes kids are excluded because they lack social skills, but a lot of time it has nothing to do with that. Instead it has to do with what we refer to as 'group membership' such as gender, race, nation, and culture," says Professor Melanie Killen, the Associate Director of the Centre for Children Relationships and Culture at Maryland, who led the 4-year project. Reporting their findings in the journal, the researcher said whatever was the reason, individuals who experienced long-term exclusion (排斥) from the group of friends suffered from depression, anxiety and loneliness. The study looked at two models to define how children make decisions regarding acceptance of other kids in their group -- the individual social deficit model and the inter-group social cognition (认同) model. While the former says that children's rejection occurs due to social deficits like shyness, wariness or fearfulness, the latter says that it happens because of group dynamics, prejudice and exclusion. It was also found that the age of children was also a factor that influenced their decisions regarding other kids' acceptance as friends. "With age, kids become more aware of group dynamics, conventions, customs, and rituals. With this comes a greater concern about group functioning, which can lead to exclusion which can be negative from a social justice viewpoint," says Killen. The researcher believes that her study may have many benefits, as it could provide insights into how to help when children are rejected by their peers. 9. While making friends, kids think more about the following EXCEPT ______. A. social skills B. culture C. race D. gender 10. The underlined word "deficit" in Paragraph 5 may mean “_______”. A. skill B. relationship C. weakness D. experience 11. One of the major purposes of the research is to _______. A. tell the reader how to tell inclusion from exclusion B. remind children to be careful while making friends C. seek ways to help kids excluded by their peers D. stop the children belonging to the inter-group social cognition model 12. While making friends, children exclude those of social deficit model to _______. A. keep their groups purer B. make their groups more socially powerful C. refuse other customs and cultures D. prove their groups to be strict 13. The proper title for this passage is _______. A. Techniques of making friends B. Social communication among kids C. Making friends -- a special culture D. Kids' complex way of making friends
参考答案
ACCBD
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第三部分
阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A“Hey, Jenna, do you think we’ll still be friends when we’re eighty-two?” I asked my friend．It was clear that she was wondering where I had come up with such a question．Losing Jenna would be like losing a very close sister．We hung out together．We gave each other advice．
“Of course, we’ll still be friends when we’re eighty-two．” Jenna announced loudly．
The next year, in the fourth grade, we met Jamie．The three of us soon became close friends．We played together almost every day．I thought even time couldn’t pull us apart, but I was sadly mistaken．
The three of us started fighting a lot．Before Christmas, we had a really big fight, and Jamie and Jenna were against me, both saying I was bossy．I felt helpless and lonely．I thought Christmas would be horrible!
I was surprised when Jenna came to my house and gave me an awesome Christmas card she had made for me．I was so sure that she was still disappointed with me．
“Wow, ” I said, breaking the silence as we stood on either side of my front door．“Thanks．”
“Okay…well…I have to go,” she said softly．
“Okay．See you later then…” and I closed the door．
“Who was that at the door?” my mum asked．
The card started off with “Merry Christmas”, but then it said, “I am so glad we’re friends．I am sorry about what I said when we were fighting．A fight won’t stop us from being friends．Besides, we said we were going to be friends even when we’re eight-two．”
I stopped reading and started laughing．I couldn’t believe I had forgotten what she said that day in her back yard．I couldn’t believe I had been so selfish in trying to get even and making my friends feel sorry for me that I had forgotten about real friendship．
56．How would the author and Jenna get along with each other after Christmas?
A．They would be close friends again．
B．They would not speak to each other．
C．They would lose touch with each other．
D．They would go on fighting with each other．
The underlined sentence “I was bossy” in the fourth paragraph means “_________”．
A．I looked like a boss B．I acted as a boss
C．I was fond of giving orders D．I was fond of fighting
Which of the following is the right time order according to the passage?
a．Jamie became our friend．
b．I felt lonely and unhappy．
c．Jenna, Jamie and I fought a lot．
d．Jenna brought me a Christmas card．
e．I was sorry for what I did to her．
f．Jenna and I promised to be lifelong friends．
A．f a b c e d
B．a c f b d e
C．a b c f e d D．f a c b d eThe author was delighted when she read the card from Jenna because _________．
A．what Jenna wrote was funny
B．Jenna would be her friend again
C．she was happy about the coming Christmas
D．she was happy to receive a Christmas card56—59ACDB
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