情态动词和虚拟语气
1．—Where is Lucy?
—I can't say where she is，but she________ have gone to meet her classmates，for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.
A．can
B．should
Cmust
D．may
have done”。从前面的“我不确定她在哪里”可知，用may have done，表示“过去可能已经做了……”(不确定)。must have done表示“过去一定做了……”(非常确定)；can have done 用在否定句和疑问句中，should have done 表示“过去本该做……(实际却没做)”。
答案：D
2．If you had brought your swimsuit with you, we ________ swimming in the lake now.
A．could go
B．could have gone
C．can go
D．have gone
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你此前带着游泳衣的话，现在我们就可以在湖中游泳了。本句是混合虚拟条件句，前半句是对过去情况的假设，后半句是对现在事实的假设。故选A项。
答案：A—Has Tim started？He said he would join in the party.
—He________ .He is a man of his word.
A．could have left
B．must have left
Ccan't come
D．won't be coming
He is a man of his word.可知他是一个守信的人，因此推测他肯定已经启程了。
句意为：——Tim 启程了吗？他说他要参加聚会。——他一定已经启程了，他是一个守信的人。must have done“一定干了某事”，故B项正确。
答案：B
4．—Mum，would you please buy me an MP5 player?
—If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation，you ________ have one as a reward.
A．must
B．need
Cwould
D．shall
shall用于第一、三人称问句中表示征询对方意见；shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句中，表示“警告、许诺、命令、威胁”等语气。答句句意：如果你整个假期能够帮助洗盘子的话，就会得到一个MP5作为回报。shall表示允诺。
答案：D
5． I may let you get away with your bad behaviour this time, but I must warn you that if this happens again you ________ be punished.
A．will
B．must
C．can
D．shall
解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意：这次我可以饶了你，但我先把话说明白，要是你下次再犯的话，你是要受处分的。shall用于第二人称，表示劝慰、告诫或许诺，故选D。
D
6．He stood up and offered her his seat, as if he ________ her mind.
A．had told
B．was telling
C．had read
D．was reading
解析：考查虚拟语气和动词辨析。句意：他站起来给她让座，似乎猜出了她的心思。本句是对过去情况的假设，所以用过去完成时。read sb.'s mind表示“猜测某人的心思”。
答案：C
．________ anything, give me a call and I'll be glad to help you.
A．Had you required
B．Should you require
C．You required
D．You had required
解析：考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果你有什么要求，给我打个电话，我将乐意帮助你。根据句意可知，此处是对将来情况的假设，前半句是“If you should require anything”的省略形式，省略if后，需要将should提到主语前，此处should表示“假如；万一”。
答案：BIf you hadn't taken such a long time to get dressed，we ________ there by now.
A．would be
B．are
Chave been
D．had been
A项。
答案：A
9．—I didn't attend the lecture yesterday.
—I________ ，either，if my mother hadn't reminded me.
A．wouldn't
B．wouldn't have
Cdidn't
D．hadn't
if my mother hadn't reminded me 知，此处是对过去状况的虚拟，主句应该用should/would/could/might＋have done结构，从选项中看只有B项合适(I wouldn't have 是I wouldn't have attended the lecture的省略)。
答案：B
10．—How much of the foreign expert's speech have you understood?
—Next to nothing.I wish I________ harder at English.
A．worked
B．had worked
Cwould work
D．were working
wish 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与过去事实相反，意思是：我希望我(过去)更努力地学习英语了。
答案：B
11．35 passengers died in the bullet train accident. But for the heroic train driver, many more people ________.
A．had died
B．would die
Cwould have died
D．died
解析：考查虚拟语气。But for the heroic train driver 意为“要不是那个英勇的司机”，表达的是一个与过去事实相反的条件，故主句表达的结果也应该与过去的结果相反，应用would have done结构，故答案为C。
答案：C
12．He that makes himself a sheep ________ be eaten by the wolf, as the saying goes.
A．shall
B．could
C．will
D．should
解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意：正如谚语所说“人善被人欺”。shall用于陈述句与第三人称连用，表示说话人的意图、警告、命令、允诺、决心等语气。
答案：A13．—Did you make it at last?
—Yes.But for your help，it________ a serious loss.
A．would cause
B．must have caused
C．would have caused
D．may cause
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为：——你们最后成功了吗？——成功了，要不是你的帮助，我们的损失就大了。but for...要不是……。
答案：C
14．You ________ as well do this now, for you will have to do it first or last.
A．need
B．must
Ccan
D．may
may。语意：你不妨现在做，因为你早晚要做。may as well 表示“不妨，倒不如”。
答案：D
15．________ today, he would get there by Friday.
A．Was he to leave
B．Was he leaving
CWere he to leave
D．If he leaves
were to do 的形式，从句可以省去if并将were放于句首。
答案：C