福建省2014高考英语（新人教版）一轮复习作业手册（20）附详细解析
课时作业(二十) [必修4 Unit 5 Theme parks](限时：45分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(山东省实验中学诊断)What was considered impolite years ago has become __________ now.
A．accessibleB．adjustable
C．unbelievable
D．acceptable
解析：选D。考查形容词辨析。accessible意为“易接近的，可理解的”；adjustable意为“可调整的”；unbelievable意为“难以相信的”；acceptable意为“可接受的”。句意：多年前被认为不礼貌的事情现在已经开始逐渐被接受了。根据句意可知，应选D项。
2．(2012·山东省实验中学一模)I’m afraid I’m not __________ to help with the show，for I am fully occupied with my own project.
A．acceptable
B．adaptableC．available
D．accessible
解析：选C。考查形容词。acceptable值得接受的，可接受的；adaptable可适应的，有适应能力的；available有空的，空闲的，有时间的；accessible容易取得的，可接近的。句意：恐怕我不能在这次展览上帮忙了，因为我正忙于自己的项目。故选C项。
3．(2012·济南模拟)I keep on walking after supper because I can’t think of a __________ way to keep fit.
A．better
B．best
C．worse
D．worst
解析：选A。考查形容词比较级。句意：我坚持晚饭后散步，因为我想不到比这更好的保持健康的方法了。根据语境可知，A项正确。
4．(2012·淄博模拟)The government should develop________ system to predict when wildfires occur and give warnings in time.
A．previous
B．reliable
C．reasonable
D．responsible
解析：选B。考查形容词词义辨析。previous意为“以前的；早先的”；reliable意为“可靠的”；reasonable意为“合理的”；responsible意为“负责的”。句意：政府应开发出可靠的预测系统，以便火灾发生时能及时发出警报。故B项正确。
5．(2012·临沂质量检测)—Jenny is always __________ for appointments.Why is she late today?
—She might have got trapped in a traffic jam in the rush hour.
A．patient
B．grateful
C．punctual
D．available
解析：选C。考查形容词词义辨析。patient意为“有耐心的”；grateful意为“感激的”；punctual意为“准时的”；available 意为“有效的，可利用的”。句意：——Jenny约会总是很准时，今天她怎么迟到了？——她可能碰到上下班高峰期的交通堵塞了。根据语境可知。此处用punctual。即C项正确。
6．(2012·辽宁期中测试题)The little girl couldn’t work the problem out.She wasn’t________clever.
A．that
B．much
C．enough
D．rather
解析：选A。句意：那个小女孩解不出这道题。她没那么聪明。that作副词时，相当于so；much常修饰形容词或副词的比较级以及动词；enough用在形容词或副词后；rather相当。7．(2012·盐城第二次调研)—Who do you have in mind for the position?
—I think Peter is the most________person for it.
A．generous
B．likely
C．optimistic
D．voluntary
解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。句意：——你觉得谁适合那个职位？——我认为彼得最合适。likely“合适的，恰当的”，符合语意。generous“慷慨的，大方的”；optimistic“乐观的”；voluntary“自愿的，义务的”。
8．(2012·太原市部分重点中学检测)It is reported that a new planet has been discovered recently.It’s ________ Earth，and hopefully it can support human life.
A．almost three times the size of
B．three times the size than
C．three times almost as large than
D．almost three times as larger as
解析：选A。考查倍数表达法。倍数表达法要注意三种结构：A is＋倍数＋the size/height/weight/...of＋B；A is＋倍数＋bigger/larger/...than＋B；A is＋倍数＋as big/large/...as＋B。故A项的表达正确。
9．(2012·山西太原模拟)Look！How much________ Alice looks wearing her new show dress!
A．well
B．good
C．better
D．best
解析：选C。考查形容词的比较级。much后面不能接形容词的原级和最高级，而应该用形容词的比较级，结合语意选C项。
10．(2012·潍坊5月份训练)The new discovery challenged the __________ theory about life’s origins.
A．conventional
B．particular
C．contrary
D．casual
解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：这个新发现向生命起源的传统理论提出了挑战。conventional意为“习惯的；传统的”，符合题意。particular意为“特别的”；contrary意为“相反的；不利的”；casual意为“随意的”。
Ⅰ.单项填空，I think this is probably his________wellknown
C．bestknown
D．mostknown
2．To their ________，their team won the match unexpectedly.Less than twenty percent of the employees in their company are women.That is to say，women are in the________hy you shouldn't tell them________that you are leaving.
A．in order
B．in secret
C．in conflict
D．in advance
5．John worked hard at his lessons and gained________to a famous university last year.
A．permission
B．admission
C．agreement
D．freedom
6．Niagara Fall is a great tourist________，drawing millions of visitors every year.attraction
C．appointment
D．arrangement
7．I would prefer to ________ my judgment until I find all the evidence.
A．show
B．express
C．preserve
D．reserve
8．While our city tries impatiently to change its appearance by tearing down old buildings, more and more citizens are suggesting ways to ________ the historically important architecture.
A．decorate
B．develop
C．preserve
D．advocate________the activity________public awareness of world hunger，but raised a lot of money for the poor children.has increased
B．is; increasedhas; increased
D．/; increased，because every person's fingerprints are ________unique
11．You shouldn't stay at your office all day；________th
12．—Where shall we have dinner?
—At ________ restaurant has a free table.
A．whichever
B．wherever
C．which
D．what
13．________by the beauty of nature，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.new facts about the ancient pyramids in Egypt have recently ________．
A．brought to light
B．made known
C．come to an end
D．come to light
15．—John is said to have learned Italian in Italy for five years.
—________ he speaks it like a native speaker.
A．No doubt
B．No problem
C．No wonder
D．No reason
Ⅱ.阅读理解[2012·福建卷] others that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying. But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes, accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairytales(童话)．
The first envelope was sent to a victim support group. It contained 10，000 with a cutting from the up supported a woman who was robbed of her handbag; similar plain white anonymous(匿名) envelopes, each containing 10，000, then arrived at a kindergarten and a church.and so far at least 190，000 has been distributed. Last month, one of them was sent to the newspaper's own office. It came after a story it published about Tom, a 14yearold boy who was severely disabled in a swimming accident. The receptionist at the anonymous white envelope to find 20 notes of 500 inside, with a copy of the article.The name of the family was underlined.
“I was driving when I heard the news，”Claudia Neumann, the boy's mother, told e side of the road; I was speechless.”
The money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchairaccessible and for a course of treatment that their insurance company refused to pay for.
“For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing，” Mrs Neumann said. Her family wonder whether the donator is a Robin Hood character, taking from banks to give to the needy.the editor of the Braunschweiger Zeitung, said：“Maybe it is an old person who is about to die. We just do not know.”However, he has told his reporters not to look for the city's hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.________．190，000.ion was sent directly to his house.
C．The money will be used for his education.
D．His mother felt astonished at the donation.
18．It can be inferred from the passage that ________． old man
B．the donation will continue to come
C．the donation comes from the newspaper
D．the donator will soon be found out
19．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Money Is Raised by the Newspaper
B．Newspaper Distributes Money to the Needy
C．Unknown Hero Spreads Love in Envelopes
D．Robin Hood Returns to the City
B
Uhoh, the new year's just begun and already you're finding it hard to keep those resolutions to junk the junk food，get off the couch or kick smoking. There's a biological reason why a lot of our bad habits are so hard to break—they get deeprooted in our brains.
That's not an excuse to give up. Understanding how unhealthy behaviors become deeprooted has scientists learning some tricks that may help good habits replace the bad.“Why are bad habits stronger? You're fighting against the power of an immediate reward. We all as creatures give greater value to an immediate reward than something that's delayed，” says Dr Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Just how that bit of happiness turns into a habit involves a pleasuresensing chemical named dopamine(多巴胺). It trains the brain to want that reward again and again—increasing the connection each time—especially when it gets the right cue(暗示) from your environment.thus destroying attempts to get rid of bad habits. Even scientists who recognize it find it hard to resist.“I don't like popcorn. But every time I go to the cinema, I have to eat it，” Volkow says.“It's fascinating.”as some companies offer employees immediate payments for adopting better habits. However paying for behavior turns out, researchers say there are some steps that may help counter your brain's hold on bad habits: repeat，repeat，repeat the new behavior—the same routine at the same time of day. Determined to exercise？Doing it at the same time of the morning makes the brain recognize the habit eventually. If you don't do it, you feel awful. Exercise itself raises dopamine levels, so eventually your brain will get a feelgood hit even if your muscles protest. Reward yourself with something you really desire, Volkow stresses. You exercised all week? Stuck to your diet? Buy a book, a great pair of jeans, or try a fancy restaurant.
20．What's the subjective reason for being hard to break bad behaviors?
A．Some behaviors get deeprooted in our brains.
B．We prefer an immediate reward.
C．We value delayed gifts.
D．We are all creatures of nature.
21．What does the underlined word “connection” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Pleasure and behavior.
B．Brain and reward. D．Cue and environment.s，________at popcorn even though he doesn't like it?
A．Because he recognizes the importance of him.
B．Because it is needed for normal growth of the body.
C．Because he can't resist the temptation of it.
D．Because it makes him relaxed to eat popcorn while seeing films.
Ⅲ.书面表达一个英国中学生代表团将到你校参观和交流， 假设你有幸参加与他们的座谈会，请根据以下图示，写一篇120词左右的发言稿，请你谈谈学校开展小组合作学习和自主学习的体会。
注意：1.根据图片的内容适当展开，以使行文连贯；开头已给出，不计入总词数；文中不能出现考生的具体信息。 It's my pleasure to briefly introduce my school life regarding two aspects, independent learning and cooperative learning.
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参考答案
课时作业(二十) 句意：谈到他所创作的所有歌曲，这很可能是他最著名的一首了。根据句意，此题应选用最高级形式。 考查固定结构。to one's amusement/surprise/disappointment…“令人高兴的是/吃惊的是/失望的是……”。句意：让他们高兴的是，他们的队意外地赢得了比赛。 考查短语搭配。in the minority占少数；少数派；in the majority占多数；多数派。句意：在他们公司里，只有不到百分之二十的员工是女性，也就是说，女性占少数。 考查介词in order that目的是；in secret秘密地；私下地；in conflict with和……有冲突；in advance提前；事先。由句意“你没有什么理由不提前告诉他们你要走了”可知应选D项。 admission意为“准许进入”，admission to a university指“被大学录取”。permission许可；agreement同意；freedom自由，特权。 考查名词词义辨析。attention注意(力)；attraction吸引力；吸引游客的地方；appointment约会；任命；arrangement安排。句意：尼亚加拉大瀑布是一个著名的风景名胜，每年吸引几百万的游客。 句意：我将对此事暂不表态，直到我找到所有的证据。reserve是指为“留作后用”的保留、预订，可指保留座位、权利、意见等等； preserve则不光是指“保留”，还强调保留下来“收藏”，使东西完好无损，侧重“为了不至于灭绝、损坏”而进行的保护。 考查动词辨析。preserve 保护。句意：尽管我市通过拆毁旧楼房迫不及待地改变它的面貌，但是越来越多的市民建议保护历史上的重要建筑。decorate 装饰；develop 开发； advocate 提倡。 当not only置于句首时，前一个分句要倒装，后一个分句不倒装。句意：这项活动不但提高了公众的世界饥荒意识，而且也为贫穷孩子筹集了很多钱。 句意：警察借助机器能轻易识别你的指纹，因unique)。outstanding突出的，杰出的；regular有规律的；ordinary普通的。 句意：你不应该整天待在办公室里，接触下大自然对你的健康有益。get close to接近；get away from逃开，躲开；get along with与……相处，进展；get together with与……欢聚。根据题意选A项。 答句句意：哪个饭店有空桌我们就在哪里吃饭。whichever引导的从句作介词at的宾语，whichever在句中作定语修饰restaurant。 考查非谓语动词。因为是被吸引，所以排除A；C表示目的，所以应排除；D表示状态也不正确。 考查动词短语辨析。come to light在这里是“显露，为人所知”。 B有一定干扰性，可以说been made known。句意：有了最先进设备的帮助，最近关于埃及古代金字塔的新事实显露出来了。 考查交际用语。no wonder难怪。no doubt 无疑；no reason 毫无理由；no problem 没问题。A
本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了城市英雄以匿名信的形式在经济上帮助需要帮助的人。 推理判断题。从第一段“But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes, accompanied by an article from the local paper”和第二段“with a cutting from the g”可推出是当地一家报纸。 细节理解题。从倒数第二段Tom的妈妈所说的话可知答案。 推理判断题。从最后一段“…he has told his reporters not to look for the city's hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.”可知捐赠还会继续。 主旨大意题。本文介绍了城市英雄以匿名信的形式在经济上帮助需要帮助的人。这是一篇科普文。人们在新年到来时常常会下定某些决心，然而却发现很难坚持下去。科学家研究出了一些“技巧”，可以让好习惯取代坏习惯。 细节理解题。此题应特别注意题干中the subjective reason(主观原因)。根据短文第二段中的“We all as creatures give greater value to an immediate reward than something that's delayed”可知，难以改掉坏习惯在主观上的原因是人们更看重即时的好处。A项有很大的干扰，文章第一段中提到：这些坏习惯根植于我们的大脑中，这是很难改掉坏习惯在生物学上的原因(客观原因)。 词义猜测题。根据语境：在快乐的感觉转化为一种习惯connection指的是“快乐感与行为之间的联系”。 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，多巴胺是一种感知快乐的化学物质，它使大脑不断期望得到某种犒赏。最后一段中的“Exercise itself raises dopamine levels”能进一步证明，多巴胺的水平越高，人们就越想得到某种犒赏。 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，人们往往高估自己抵制身边诱惑的能力，这使他们为摆脱坏习惯而作出的努力毁于一旦。Volkow就是因为抵抗不了这种诱惑才吃爆米花的。.One possible version： It's my pleasure to briefly introduce my school life regarding two aspects, independent learning and cooperative learning.
Independent learning is a basic principle of my school education. At one level it encourages us to work out plans and arrange our timetable, in which case we improve our independent thinking and management skills. On another level, it presents us with a block of work in which we are developing strategies.
Meanwhile, we are making great attempt to create a cooperativelearning environment, where we are encouraged to work in groups. Within group work, we are guided to voice our individual opinions, listen to each other and respect each other.
Independent learning and cooperative learning form a key feature of my school education and they prove to be a great benefit to our overall development in the long run.
That's all for my introduction. We're eager to know about your school life so that we could better learn from each other.
Thank you.