福建省2014高考英语（新人教版）一轮复习作业手册（11）附详细解析
课时作业(十一)[必修3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world](限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.完形填空
This idea is known as “the selffulfilling prophecy”．When you believe the team will perform
well, in some strange, magical way they do.And __1__, when you believe they won’t perform well, they don’t.
There is enough experimental __2__ to suggest that the selffulfilling prophecy is true.One unusual__3__in 1911 concerned a very clever horse called Hans.This horse had the reputation for being able to__4__, multiply, subtract, and divide by tapping out the answer with its hooves.The extraordinary thing was that it could do this without its trainer being present.It only needed someone to put the__5__.
On investigation, it was found that when the questioner knew the answer, he or she__6__various very subtle body language clues to Hans such as the raising of an eyebrow or the dilation(扩大)of the nostrils(鼻孔)．Hans simply picked up on these clues and continued__7__until he arrived at the required answer.The questioner expected a (an)__8__and Hans obliged.
In similar vein, an experiment was carried out at a British school into the__9__ of a new intake of pupils.At the start of the year, the pupils were each given a rating, __10__from“excellent prospect”to “unlikely to do well”．These were totally__11__ratings and did not reflect how well the pupils had previously performed.Nevertheless, these ratings were given to the teachers.At the end of the year, the experimenters__12__the pupils’ performance with the ratings.Despite their__13__abilities, there was an astonishingly high__14__between performance and ratings.It seems that people perform as well as we__15__them to.
【文章大意】 本文讲述试验者通过对马和小学生的调查实验发现自我实现预言是真有这么回事——这也是皮格马利翁效应.
1．A.hopefully
B．similarly
C．suddenly
D．fortunately
解析: 选B. 前后两种情况是类似的, 故选B.
2．A.outcome
B．way
C．data
D．procedure
解析: 选C. 表示有足够的资料可以证明自我实现预言是真的, 故选C.
3．A.experiment
B．method
C．choice
D．experience
解析: 选A. 根据前面experimental...可知应是一个非同寻常的实验, 故选A.
4．A.count
B．add
C．speak
D．think
解析: 选B. 加、减、乘、除中的加用add, 故选B.
5．A.problems
B．answers
C．clues
D．questions
解析: 选D. 与前面the answer对应的是questions, 故选D.
6．A.sent out
B．gave out
C．handed out
D．let out
解析: 选A. 这里要表示的是提问的人向Hans传递各种各样的微妙的身体语言提示, 故选A.
7．A.counting
B．beating
C．biting
D．tapping解析: 选D. 前面提到Hans是靠马蹄敲出答案, 故选D.
8．A.answer
B．response
C．reply
D．help
解析: 选B. 从后面Hans obliged提示, 发问者希望得到Hans的响应, 故选B.
9．A.study
B．character
C．performance
D．personality
解析: 选C. 对新入学学生的表现进行实验, 下面也有提示, 故选C.
10．A.distinguishing
B．ranging
C．differing
D． dividing
解析: 选B. range from...to...表示“范围从……到……不等”之意, 其他选项表示“区分”之意.
11．A.deliberate
B．particular
C．special
D．arbitrary
解析: 选D. 根据．..did not reflect how well the pupils had previously performed.可知应是完全任意的等级评估, 故选D.
12．A.compared
B．provided
C．supplied
D．connected
解析: 选A. 这里表示的是“试验者将学生的表现和等级评价进行对比得出结论”, 而不是进行简单的联系起来, 故选A.
13．A.true
B．authentic
C．real
D．false
解析: 选C. 形容一个人有真本事, 应用real, 故选C.
14．A.correlation
B．similarity
C．difference
D．accuracy
解析: 选A. 实验者经过比较发现: 学生的表现与等级评价有惊人的高相关度, 故选A.
15．A.want
B．order
C．expect
D．persuade
解析: 选C. 与第一段相呼应, 我们希望人们表现好他们就会表现好, 即你认为哪个队会赢它就会赢, 故选C. Ⅰ.单项填空emy Awards ceremony, movie reviewers make predictions about which of the movies and actors ________．
A．have awarded
B．will award
C．are awarded
D．will be awarded
2．________not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.
A．Being reminded
B．To remind
C．Having reminded
D．Reminded
3．In the past few years thousands of films ________all over the world.
A．have produced
B．have been produced
C．are producing
D．are being produced
4．My mother seems________for a woman her age.
A．enough energetic still
B．enough still energetic________．
A．return
B．to return
C．returning
D．returned(提名……为候选人) for the best actor ________________ is true ________ the manager's daughter was injured in the accident.
A．It; that
B．As; thatas
D．That; thatcars are not permitted, ________ in the main shopping areas.
A．actually
B．especially
C．practically
D．averagely
9．I am quite________the plan that we go out and enjoy ourselves on Sunday.
A．in honour of
B．in terms of
C．in view of
D．in favour of
10．In many people's opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant ________．
A．to deal with
B．dealing with
C．to be dealt with
D．dealt with________China argued that the RMB exchange rate is reasonable and balanced.
A．as
B．while
C．when
D．which
12．The openair ________ has been put off because of the bad weather.
A．occasion
B．congratulation
C．celebration
D．challenge
13．The student________from the training so much that he was________the first prize in the event.
A．benefited; benefited
B．awarded; awardedbenefited
D．benefited; awarded________ have prepared for the meeting more carefully.
—But they didn't.What a pity!
A．shouldn't
B．can't
C．may
D．ought to
15．Helen looked at________finished report with ________ satisfaction.
A．a; /
B．the; /the
D．the; an完形填空，I was on my way downtown to do the rounds of the employment offices.I had no umbrella，for my old one had__16__，and I could not__17____18__and there against my seat was a(n)__19__silk umbrella with a silver handle.I had__20__seen anything so lovely.I examined the handle and saw a carved__21__．The usual procedure would have been to__22__the umbrella to the conductor，but an idea__23__and__24__opened the umbrella to protect myself.Then I__25__a telephone book for the name on the umbrella.I called and a lady__26__．
Yes，she said__27__，that was her umbrella，which her parents，now dead，had given her as a birthday present.But，she__28__，it had been stolen__29____30__I was looking for a job and went directly to her house.She took the umbrella，and her eyes were filled with__31____32__，but—though twenty dollars was all I had in the world—her happiness at regaining this__33____34__something.We talked for a while and I left.
A week later，I got a job as a sales manager__35__faded away
17．A.afford
B．borrow
C．find
D．repair
18．A.office
B．bus
C．theater
D．train
19．A.ugly
B．beautiful
C．worn
D．ancientbrand
22．A.turn in
B．show off
C．open up
D．carry away
23．A.occurred
B．ran
C．struck
D．happened
24．A.firmly
B．suddenlyD．screamed
27．A.in surprise
B．in panic
C．in silence
D．in anger
28．A.assumed
B．added
C．declared
D．announced
29．A.from
B．in
C．beside
D．oftears
D．thanksA.bought
B．ruined阅读理解(埃塞俄比亚的)teenager about her wedding day.The 16yearold had already been married for a year.“She looked at me with the saddest eyes and said，‘I had to drop out of school’，” Robinson said in a telephone interview.“That conveyed to me the reality，” said Robinson，the first woman to serve as Ireland's President and former U．N.High Commissioner for Human Rights.“Her life，as far as she is concerned，had more or less ended.”，predicted by the United Nations to reach 7 billion soon.“European countries are concerned about aging populations，but this is much less of an issue than the huge number of people which we are going to see over the next 40 years when the population goes from 7 billion to 9 billion，” she said.“Almost all of that increase will be in poor developing countries，so that we have a very big challenge.”，the United Nations projected the world population would reach
and 10.1 billion by 2100.Much of that growth will come from Africa, where the population is growing at 2.3 percent a year—more than double Asia's 1 percent growth rate.If that rate stays consistent，which is not certain，Africa's population will reach 3.6 billion by 2100 from the present 1 billion.
Joel Cohen，a professor of population studies at Rockefeller University and Columbia University in New York，said regions.In addition to providing information about birth control，a secondary education teaches women to reduce their own fertility，improve the health of their children and allow them to move from a mindset of having many children in the hope that some will survive to improve the quality of each child's life，Cohen wrote in the journal ，the author introduces his topic by________describing the poor education system
D．coming straight to the topic
37．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Robinson is happy after talking to the Ethiopian girl.
B．Robinson is a successful expert in population studies.
C．Robinson is worried about the population growth.
D．Robinson encourages female education.
38．What is Joel Cohen's view about secondary education?
A．It provides basic knowledge of health.
B．It reduces aging population.
C．It makes people pay more attention to education.
D．It can change people's parenting ideas.
39．According to the passage，one of the most important ways to control high population growth is to________短文填词This is Li Hua, monitor of Class Two, Senior Three of Xinhua High School. 40.________ you may have known, our school is planning to hold an art festival from December 12th to 18th, 41.________ (持续) a whole week. In 42.p________our class has decided to put 43.________ a short English play. We've already made progress with it. Without your help, we will 44.________ (无法) to improve our spoken English quickly. To make the play a ________， we'd like to invite you to be our guide, giving us some ________ on spoken English. I wonder if you will be 47.a________ on the afternoon of December 2nd. We would feel much 48.________ (荣幸的) if you could make it to Room 307 of the teaching building.________.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案
课时作业(十一) 考查动词的时态和语态。由make predictions可以看出，动作还没有发生，所以用将来时，演员是被奖励的，所以用被动语态，故选D。 考查过去分词作状语。remind 和其逻辑主语some drivers是动宾关系，也就是说，司机是被提醒的。尽管被提醒不要酒后开车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。 考查动词的时态和语态。in the past few years为现在完成时的标志，主语“thousands of films”和谓语动词“produce”为动宾关系，所以用完成式的被动语态。句意：在过去的几年里，世界范围内数千部电影被制作。 still 应该放在被修饰的形容词前面，而enough应放在被修饰的形容词之后，所以选C，意为：足够的精力充沛。 考查动名词的用法。此处to是介词，其后him returning为动名词的复合结构。 考查名词辨析。award颁奖，奖赏。句意：他被提名为最佳男演员奖的候选人。 reward 酬劳； scholarship 奖学金； result 结果。 本句为it用作形式主语的句型，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。 考查副词辨析。actually实际上； especially特别，尤其，其后可以接介词短语；practically实际上；averagely平均地。句意：在城市的一些地 考查介词短语辨析。in favour of支持。in honour of为了纪念；in terms of就……而言；in view of鉴于，考虑到，由于。 考查主动表被动形式。在“be ＋ 形容词 ＋ to do”结构中，其后的不定式常用主动形式。 考查状语从句的连接词。此处while意为：尽管。句意：尽管中国认为人民 考查名词辨析。celebration 庆祝。句意：户外庆祝因为坏天气被推迟了。 occasion 时刻； congratulation 祝贺； challenge 挑战。 benefit from 从……中获益；be awarded the first prize被授予一等奖。 考查情态动词。句意：——他们本该更细心地准备ought to have done过去本该做某事而未做。 考查冠词。第一空为特指“已完成的那份报告”，故用定冠词the；第二空为抽象名词，不填冠词。家庭的不幸、失业的压力和生活的窘迫并没有让我丧失道德，我将捡到的雨伞归还给了它的主人。最终善有善报，我出乎意料地找到了一份销售经理的工作。 我没有雨伞，因为那把旧伞已经“散架”了。fall apart break up“(使)破碎”；go away“离开；走开”；fade away“褪色；逐渐消失”。 由于离婚和失业，我买不起另外一把伞。afford表示“买得起；能支付”。 根据第三段的开头“I got off the bus…”可知，我在“公共汽车”上坐了下来。 本句的后 这把伞做工讲究，我以前“从未”见过如此可爱的东西。 根据第25空后面的“…for the name on the umbrella.”可知，伞柄上刻有一个“名字”。 这是在公共汽车上捡到的别人丢失的东西，正常的程序是把雨伞“上交”给售票员。turn in“上交”。 我“想到”一个主意，决定自己带着雨伞找到失主。occur to sb“(主意或想法突然)浮现于某人的脑海中”。 作者在倾盆大雨中下了车，由此可知作者打开这把伞遮雨时非常“感激”。 我从电话簿上“查找”雨伞上的那个名字。search“查找，搜寻”。 我拨通电话后，一位女士“接听”了电话。此处answer表示“接电话”。 突然有了雨伞的消息，女士自然感到非常“惊讶”。后三项分别表示“恐慌”“沉默”“愤怒”，显然不符合语境。B 此处add表示“补充说”。assume“假定”；declare“宣布，声明”；announce“宣告，公布”。 这把伞一个月以前就被人“从”门阶前偷走了。 女士如此激动以至于我当时“忘记”了自己正在寻找工作，径直去了那位女士的家 女士接过这把雨伞后，眼中溢满了“泪水”。 根据本句内容可知，女士想给我钱作为“报酬”。 第四段提到这是女士已经去世的父母送给她的生日礼物，由此可知这是一把非常“特殊的”雨伞。 我相信接受了她的钱就会“毁坏”某种东西。 下一句提到也许是我的善心有了回报，由此可知我“出人口的快速增长困扰着世界。有关人士指出，控制人口快速增长的一种方式就是提高女性的受教育水平，进而改变人们头脑中固有的传统生育观念。 篇章结构题。在本段中，作者以爱尔兰前总统Mary Robinson与埃塞俄比亚的一位已婚少女的交谈为例引入话题，所以A项正确。 推理判断题。第二段引号中的内容提到“欧洲国家担心出现人口老龄化问题，但与人口快速增长相比，这算 推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句可知，Joel Cohen在《自然》杂志中写到中等教育可以改变人们的育儿理念。 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句前半部分中的内容可知，控制人口快速增长的最重要的方式之一是让女孩儿上学。 41.lasting 42.preparation 43.on 44.fail 45.success 46.advice/suggestions/tips 47.available 49.reply