福建省2014高考英语一轮复习 作业手册（5）（含解析）新人教版

　　福建省2014高考英语（新人教版）一轮复习作业手册（5）附详细解析

　　课时作业(五)　[必修1　Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero](限时：45分钟)

　　Ⅰ.完形填空It seemed to be a busy Saturday at the restaurant I work in.Then，all of a sudden，all the workers __1__ turning the kitchen upside down，going through the dustbin，looking for something.As it __2__，a server had lost her wallet full of money.It was really __3__ to see so many people digging through dustbin and taking the __4__ to help this girl.She was beside herself in tears.

　　Then，out of __5__，the story took a turn for the __6__.They found her wallet in the bathroom，empty.There is no doubt that another employee stole her money and left the wallet in the restroom while everyone else was __7__ trying to find it.People were __8__ and angry and everyone was surprised that someone we work with side­by­side，day in and day out could do such a thing.It seemed so __9__ and depressing—where had goodness and love gone?

　　Then，the story took yet another surprising __11__—for the better！Next thing I __11__ another server was handing this girl D|S175.00—a group of employees had pooled their money together to replace the stolen money.The __12__ and love didn’t stop there.

　　Customers that got __13__of what had happened gave her money as well.All kinds of people，even some who didn’t even know her，__14__ out their hands to help.By the end of the evening her tears of pain had turned into tears of joy.

　　It’s things like this that __15__ me that there is so much more light and love in every person in this world than there could ever be darkness.

　　【文章大意】　本文是议论文。一个服务员的钱包不慎丢失，众人忙于寻找，不曾想有人暗中将里面的钱据为己有，于是大家默默无闻地筹钱，顾客也慷慨解囊。作者深深地感悟到世界并非如此黑暗。

　　1．A.consideredB．excused

　　C．risked

　　D．started

　　解析：选D。下一句提到一个服务员丢失了装满钱的钱包，由此可知所有的员工都“开始”在厨房中寻找。他们已经付诸行动，不仅仅是考虑，因此A项不正确。

　　2．A.went on

　　B．cleared up

　　C．turned out

　　D．broke down

　　解析：选C。众人之所以这么做的原因是帮助一个女服务员寻找丢失的钱包，turn out表示“结果是”。go on表示“继续”，不符合语境。

　　3．A.moving

　　B．frightening

　　C．interesting

　　D．disturbing

　　解析：选A。看到这么多人挖掘垃圾来寻找钱包，着实令人“感动”。作者已经知道了事情的来龙去脉，因此不会感到这样做非常有意思，所以C项不正确。

　　4．A.chance

　　B．place

　　C．advice

　　D．time

　　解析：选D。众人不惜花费“时间”帮助这个女孩。他们是自发帮助这个女孩，而不是听从了别人的建议，因此C项错误。

　　5．A.somewhere

　　B．nowhere

　　C．everywhere

　　D．anywhere解析：选B。上文提到大家在热火朝天地寻找钱包，下文是说钱包中的钱不翼而飞，这显然出乎意料，所以用nowhere。A项表示肯定含义，不符合语境。

　　6．A.most

　　B．best

　　C．least

　　D．worst

　　解析：选D。下文是说钱包中的钱不见了，因此是“最坏的”结局。他们虽然找到了钱包，可里面的钱却不翼而飞，所以B项不正确。

　　7．A.busy

　　B．polite

　　C．thankful

　　D．responsible

　　解析：选A。有人趁众人“忙于”寻找钱包之际窃取了里面的钱。众人对女孩钱包的丢失没有任何责任，所以D项错误。

　　8．A.hurt

　　B．misunderstood

　　C．persuaded

　　D．questioned

　　解析：选A。众人都在尽力，有人却把钱包中的钱据为己有，由此可见人们的内心受到了“伤害”。misunderstand表示“误解”，不符合语境。

　　9．A.clever

　　B．difficult

　　C．dark

　　D．unlucky

　　解析：选C。这样的事情太“邪恶”了。最后一段的最后一词也是暗示。人们评价的是当时所发生的情况，而unlucky一般用来形容人，所以不恰当。

　　10．A.turn

　　B．server

　　C．wallet

　　D．room

　　解析：选A。此处与上一段开头第一句相呼应。选C项语句不通顺。

　　11．A.thought

　　B．explained

　　C．wondered

　　D．knew

　　解析：选D。作者随后“知道”的另外一件事情是一个服务员把一大笔钱交给了女孩。作者亲眼目睹了眼前的一切，因此C项错误。

　　12．A.truth

　　B．kindness

　　C．honesty

　　D．respect

　　解析：选B。此处与上一段最后一句中的goodness相呼应。众人伸出了援助之手，与真理无关，因此A项不正确。

　　13．A.nothing

　　B．hold

　　C．wind

　　D．rid

　　解析：选C。顾客闻“风”而动，也慷慨解囊。get wind of意为“得到……的风声，获得……的线索”。get hold of表示“抓住；掌握”，不符合语境。

　　14．A.took

　　B．carried

　　C．put

　　D．reached

　　解析：选D。所有的人，甚至是素不相识的人，都“伸出”了援助之手。take out表示“拿出”，语意不恰当。

　　15．A.reminds

　　B．warns

　　C．expects

　　D．advises

　　解析：选A。这样的事情“提醒”作者世界上每个人的心中都有光明和关爱。expect表示“期望”，不符合所给语境。Ⅰ.单项填空________ trouble, we should never lose ________ heart.

　　A．a; the

　　B．a; a

　　C．/；/

　　D．/; the________all his energy to teaching and researching as well as the running of a healthy school.

　　A．devoted

　　B．devoting

　　C．to devote

　　D．and devote

　　3．With the money earned from the school garden, the students bought a blackboard, chairs and other things to ________ a “green classroom”．

　　A．pack up

　　B．set up

　　C．add up

　　D．come up

　　4．I can't say I'm the best. I have only ________ made more efforts than others.

　　A．definitely

　　B．relativelyticket price will be ________ to ordinary people.

　　A．available

　　B．considerable

　　C．acceptable

　　D．practical

　　6．The two nurses ________ 100，000 have been rewarded

　　D．had been rewardedbut she doesn't know whom to ________．

　　A．turn to

　　B．look for

　　C．deal with

　　D．talk about

　　8．The last thirty years________ the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress. Until today we have reached a stage________we have almost no rights at all.

　　A．saw; which

　　B．see; wherein which

　　D．have seen; where________ to look into the problem.

　　A．was set up

　　B．has been set up

　　C．has been setting up

　　D．is setting up________ to death in the big fire.

　　A．burning

　　B．to be burned

　　C．being burned

　　D．to have been burned

　　11．The island is________attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.

　　A．partly

　　B．merely

　　C．nearly

　　D．equally

　　12．You can never imagine what great trouble I had________the poor boy who was hurt seriously.

　　A．help

　　B．to help

　　C．helped

　　D．helping

　　13．Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours________a decision.

　　A．they reached

　　B．did they reach

　　C．they reach

　　D．do they reach

　　14．________I met him，he was working as a secretary in a big company.first time

　　B．The first time ________ she was more than nervous at the time she was being questioned.

　　A．in actual

　　B．actually阅读理解people would not test medicines on animals.Such experiments are stressful and sometimes painful for animals, and expensive and time­consuming for people.Yet animal experimentation is still needed to help bridge vast gaps in medical knowledge.That is why there are some 50 to 100 million animals used in research around the world each year.

　　Europe, on the whole, has the world's most restrictive laws on animal experiments. Even so, its scientists use some 12 million animals a year, most of them mice and rats, for medical research.Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year.But that is misleading.The American authorities do not think mice and rats are worth counting and, as these are the most common laboratory animals, the true figure is much higher.Japan and China have even less comprehensive data than America.

　　Now Europe is reforming the rules governing animal experiments by restricting the number of animals used in labs.Alternatives to animal testing, such as using human tissue or computer models, are now strongly recommended.In addition, sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use.At present, scientists often share only the results of successful experiments.If their findings do not fit the hypothesis being tested, the work never sees the light of day.This practice means wasting time, money, and animals' lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments.

　　Animal experimentation has taught humanity a great deal and saved countless lives.It needs to continue, even if that means animals sometimes suffer.Europe' s new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is conducted.

　　16．What is the main idea of this passage?

　　A．The success of animal experiments should be ensured.

　　B．Ban on the use of animals in the lab should be enforced.

　　C．Greater efforts need to be taken to reduce the number of lab animals.

　　D．Scientists should be required to share their research results with each other.

　　17．Which of the following statements is true about animals used in the lab?

　　A．America uses only about 1.1 million lab animals per year.

　　B．Europe does not use mice and rats as lab animals at all.

　　C．Britain does not use as many lab animals as China does.

　　D．Japan has limited data on the number of lab animals used each year.

　　18．Which of the following is mentioned as an alternative to replace animal experiments?

　　A．Statistical studies.

　　B．Computer models.

　　C．DNA planted in animals.

　　D．Tissue from dead animals.

　　19．What usually happens to unsuccessful animal experiments?

　　A．They are not revealed to the public.

　　B．They are made into teaching materials.

　　C．They are collected for future publication.

　　D．They are not removed from the research topic list.

　　B

　　Today we will explain a very old saying that has had a big influence on rock­and­roll music. That saying is “A rolling stone gathers no moss”．It has several meanings. One meaning is that a person who never settles down in one place will not be successful. Another is that someone who is always moving, with no roots in one place, avoids responsibilities.

　　This proverb was said to be first used in the 1500s. But in the 1960s, the expression “rolling stone” became famous in the world of rock­and­roll music. It became the name of a song, a rock group and a magazine.

　　Experts say it all started with a song by the American singer and guitarist Muddy Waters. He was one of the country's top blues musicians until his death in 1983. His music influenced singers like Elvis Presley and Bob Dylan. In 1950, Muddy Waters recorded a song called “Rolling Stone”．­roll band”．Bob Dylan released his song “Like a Rolling Stone”．It is one of his best known and most influential works.，“with no direction home, like a complete unknown, like a rolling stone”．a young man named Jann Wenner started a magazine and he named it “Rolling Stone”．The magazine reported on rock music and the popular culture that the music created. By 1971，“Rolling Stone” had become the leading rock music and counterculture publication. It is still popular today.

　　20．Which person can be described as a rolling stone according to the proverb?

　　A．A person who always changes his jobs.

　　B．A person who has a successful career.

　　C．A person who has no family.

　　D．A person who is out of work.

　　21．All of them are musicians except ________．Wenner

　　22．Who first used “rolling stone” as a name for music?

　　A．Jann Wenner.

　　B．Bob Dylan.

　　C．Elvis Presley.

　　D．Muddy Waters.

　　Ⅲ.书面表达最近我校举办了一次英语书法比赛。大部分同学们积极参与，但少数同学书写不好，也不愿改善。请你根据以下提示，给《二十一世纪报》写一篇短文，分析该现象产生的原因并发表自己的看法。

　　现象

　　一些学生不善书写，也不愿改善书写

　　原因 1.功课太忙，没时间练字；练字见效慢，很难练好。

　　你的看法 ……注意：词数120左右；开头已给出，不计入总词数。…

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　参考答案

　　课时作业(五)　考查冠词的用法。in trouble处于困境中；lose heart失去信心。　考查非谓语动词的用法。devote的逻辑主语就是主句的主语Principal White, 后面有宾语all his energy，所以用现在分词表主动。　考查动词短语辨析。set up 成立，建立，符合句意。 pack up 包起来；add up 加起来； come up 出现。　考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不能说自己是最好的，相对而言，我只是比别人付出更多努力而已。definitely意为“肯定地，当然地，明确地”；relatively意obviously意为“显然地”；certainly意为“当然，一定”。根据句意可知B项正确。　考查形容词辨析。acceptable可接受的，与to搭配，符合句意。available可用的；considerable相当多(或大、重要等)的；practical实际的。　考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知，reward所表示的动作发生在“donated”这一动作之前，所以用过去完成时；分析句子结构reward”与“the two nurses”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。故选D。　考查动词短语辨析。句意：她新买的电脑使用起来很困难，但她不知道向谁求助。 turn to 求助于；look for 寻找； deal with 处理； talk about 谈论。　考查动词的时态和定语从句。句意：在过去这30年中，我们已经见证了……，故用现在完成时；stage作先行词，后面的定语从句中缺少地点状where。　考查动词的时态。句意：已经成立一个工作小组去调查这个问题了。故用现在完成时的被动语态。　考查动词的用法。escape后跟动名词作宾语；由于主语the little boy是burn动作的承受者，所以要用动名词的被动式。　考查副词的用法。根据本句后半部分的内容可知这座岛屿在春天和秋天同样吸引人，所以用equally表示“相等地，同样”。　考查固定搭配。将句子成分great trouble放回原处，即have trouble(in) doing可知答案是D。　考查倒装结构。句意：只有在他们讨论这个问题好几个小时之后他们才作出决定。only修饰时间状语从句且位于句首时，主句应采用部分倒装的形式。根据状语从句的时态可以确定主句应用一般过去时态。故选B。　考查名词短语的连词功能。the first time相当　考查词语辨析。句意：她假装镇静但实际上在被提问时她十分紧张。 actually 实际上，相当于 in fact, as a matter of fact。用动物进行试验被人们的舆论推向了风口浪尖，然而，受诸多因素的影响，终止动物实验的道路依然任重而道远。尽管欧洲有严格的法律限制，但是仍然需要另找突破口。　主旨大意题。文章C项最能概括文章大意。　正误判断题。第二段的最后一句提到日本和中国与美国的数据相比甚至更不全面，由此可推知日本对每年用于实验室动物的数据记录有限。　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的内容可知可用“人　推理判断题。根据第三段中的倒数第二、第三句可知，科学家们只分享成功的试验，如果结果与假设不符，所做的工作将不公开。由此可推断不成功的试验不会展示给公众。本文讲述的是谚语A rolling stone gathers no moss.“滚石不生苔，改行不攒财”对滚石音乐的影响以及《滚石》杂志的诞生。　 推理判断题。从第一段的最后两句话可A项指的是经常换工作的人，符合题意。　细节理解题。根据第三段可知Elvis Presley，Bob Dylan和Muddy Waters都是音乐家；根据最后一段可知Jann Wenner是开办杂志《滚石》的人。故选D。　细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“Experts say it all started with a song by the American singer and guitarist Muddy Waters.”可知，rolling stone作为音乐的名字最早是被Muddy Waters使用的。：we held an English Handwriting Competition. Many students took an active part in the activity.

　　However, some students who are poor at handwriting don't want to improve their handwriting. The reasons are as follows：they think that there is no need to waste time improving their handwriting because they can just use a computer. On the other hand, they believe that they are too busy with their studies to find time to practice. Besides, practicing handwriting is so difficult that they can't make great progress in a short time.

　　In my view, students' beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial to themselves. What's more, good handwriting is always appreciated by people, especially by teachers. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on this aspect in future.