Book 4 Unit 1 Women of achievement
Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)1．achievement n．成就→achieve one’s dream/goal实现梦想/目标
2．behave vt. & vi.(举止或行为)表现→behave_oneself表现好，听话
3．observe vt.观察；遵守；庆祝→observe_the_law 守法
4．respect vt. & n．尊敬→treat sb.with_respect尊敬某人
5．lead a．..life过着……的生活→live a．..life过着……的生活
6．look_down_upon/on蔑视；瞧不起→look_up_to看得起；尊敬
7．by_chance碰巧→by accident碰巧→by design/on purpose故意→come across(偶然)遇见，碰见
8．intend v．计划；打算→be intended_for/be meant for旨在……；目的在于……
9．deliver vt.递送；生(小孩)；接生；发表(演说等)→deliver_a_speech发表演讲→deliver a baby 生(接生)小孩
10．carry_on继续→carry on with 继续→go on with继续
Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)
1．achieve vt.获得成就→achievement n．成就
2．special adj.特殊的→specialist n．专家
3．behave vi. & vt.举动；表现→behaviour n．举止
4．observe vt.观察→observation n．观察
5．respect n. & vt.尊敬→respectful adj.尊敬他人的→respectable adj.值得尊敬的
6．crowd vt.挤满→crowded adj.拥挤的
7．kind adj.善良的→kindness n．仁慈；好意
8．consider vt.考虑→consideration n．考虑→considerate adj.考虑周到的
Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)
1．Song Qingling was a woman of great achievements(成就)．She started some organizations(组织) to care for the welfare(福利) of the kids and women.
2．Students should observe(遵守) the school rules and respect(尊敬) the teachers and never argue(争吵) with their classmates.
3．Don’t look_down_on(瞧不起) the less capable students, instead, we should provide more support(支持) and encourage them to carry_on(继续)．
4．As a specialist(专家), he leads_a_busy_life(过着忙碌的生活)，referring_to(查阅) the materials in the library and delivering(发表) speeches.
5．When you have inspiration(灵感), you’ll feel ideas crowding_in(涌入脑海) and all of them seem worthwhile(值得的)．
Ⅳ.语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇)
The respected specialist from our institute delivered a speech about women of achievement.What he referred to was supported by a large crowd of audience.They were inspired by his being modest and outspoken.
Ⅴ.课文原句背诵
1．Only_after her mother came to help her for the first few months was_she_allowed to begin her project.
她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
2．She also worked hard to make as_many_countries_as_possible agree not to use them.
她努力使尽可能多的国家不同意使用它们。
3．Suddenly it_hit_me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.
突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．All the scientific evidence ________ that increasing use of chemicals in farming ________ damaging our health.
(2012·湖南，35)
A．show；are
B．shows；are
C．show；is
D．shows；is
答案 D
解析 句意为：所有的科学证据表明：农业方面越来越多化学物质的使用正在损害着我们的健康。主语是evidence“证据(不可数名词)”，所以谓语动词应用单数形式shows；宾语从句的主语是use“使用(不可数名词)”，所以谓语动词要用is。
(考查单元语法)
2．If you ________ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. (2011·安徽，34)
A．come across
B．care about
C．look for
D．focus upon
答案 A
解析 句意为：如果你偶然发现些瑕疵而又还想要这辆自行车，你可以让店员降低价格。care about关心，在乎；look for寻找；focus upon集中(注意力)，这三项均与题意不符；come across表示“偶然发现，偶然遇见”，符合句意。因此选A项。
(教材原句：By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi，a specialist in women’s diseases.)
3．Look over there—there’s a very long，winding path ________ up to the house.
(2011·山东，27)
A．leading
B．leads
C．led
D．to lead
答案 A
解析 句意为：看那儿——有一条很长的，蜿蜒曲折的小路通向那座房子。leads用作谓语动词，本题的there be句型中已有is，故排除B项；path与lead之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，又由题中的动词look可以判断lead这一动作不是表示将来的动作，故可以排除过去分词短语和不定式短语充当的后置定语，即排除C、D两项。在本句中leading up to the house作后置定语，修饰path，相当于定语从句which leads up to the house。故选A。
(教材原句：She is leading a busy life but she says...)
Ⅱ.完形、阅读——英译汉
1．The driver acknowledged my instructions but did not move off.
(2012·福建·完形)
司机明白我的指令，但他没有动。
2．Howling is a behaviour commonly observed among a wolf pack.
(2011·湖北·阅读B)
发出嚎叫声是狼群普遍遵守的行为。
Ⅲ.书面表达——汉译英
1．正如图画所表明的，如果一个人乐于寻找其他的可能性，他就会找到更好的更有益的方式去实现自己的目标。(achieve)
(2011·北京·开放作文)
As indicated in the picture, if the man is willing to look for other possibilities, he can find a better and more rewarding way to achieve his goal.
2．当遇到困难时，我经常查阅相关的资料或上网搜寻。(refer to)
(2011·安徽·书面表达)
When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or Web pages.
历年高考热点：come across，lead，move off，
behaviour，observe，achieve，refer to等的用法。
2014考点预测：intend，respect，hit，refer to，
come across，carry on (with) sth.等的用法。
1
双语释义 vt.打算；计划(plan)；想要(want)；意指(mean)
学情诊断
(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空
①He hadn’t intended to_stay/staying (stay) for another week.
②He intends his son to_manage (manage) the company.
③I intend that John (should)go (go) and help them with their work.
④I have no intention of going (go) to the wedding.
(2)Miss Wang had________to catch the first bus，but she didn’t get up early enough.
A．turned
B．come
C．intended
D．promised
答案 C
解析 句意为：王小姐想要赶第一班车，但她没能起得那么早。intend打算，想要，此处用过去完成时，表示“曾打算……，但没有做成”。
归纳拓展
intend to do sth./doing sth.打算、意图做某事
intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事
intend that (should＋)do计划……；打算……
be intended for sb./sth.专门为……；专门给……
be intended to do...旨在……；为……打算的
had intended to do...＝intended to have done...原本打算做……
intention n．打算；计划
have no intention to do/of doing sth.无意去做某事
with the intention of doing sth.打算去做某事
2
双语释义 vt. & n．尊敬；尊重；敬意(have a good opinion of...or admire...)
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①Dolf did what he thought right without_respect_to the consequences.
道尔夫刚愎自用，一点也不考虑这样做的后果。
②He will be paid ￡100 in_respect_of the work he has done.
将付给他一百英镑作为对他工作的报酬。
③Paris is in_many_respects the most interesting city in the world.
巴黎在许多方面都是世界上最有趣的都市。
④He is_respected_as a great leader.
他被尊称为一位伟大的领导。
(2)He was________selfless man that everybody________him.
A．so a；respectable
B．a such；respect
C．such a；respects
D．such a；respected
答案 D
解析 句意为：他是一个如此无私的人，以致于大家都很尊敬他。such a selfless man ＝ so selfless a man；第二空需要填入一个动词的过去式。
归纳拓展
in respect of作为……报酬
in respect of＝with respect to关于；就……来说
without respect to
不管，不顾
have/show respect for＝pay respect to尊敬；尊重
give/send respects to sb.向某人
问候,in some respects在某些方面
respect sb. as...尊敬某人为……
3
双语释义 v．击，打；击中；命中；攻击(attack)；使突然想起(occur)；n.很受欢迎的人(或事物)(a popular person or thing)；风行一时的流行歌曲(或唱片)(pop song or record)
学情诊断
(1)写出下列句子中hit的汉语意思
①My parents never used to hit me.打
②We hit the enemy when they least expected it.进攻，袭击
③I couldn’t remember where I’d seen him before，and then it suddenly hit me.使突然想起
④The town was hit by bombs again last night.击中
⑤The duo(搭档) were a real hit in last year’s show.受欢迎的人
(2)I was about to give up my effort when a good idea________me.
A．attracted
B．beat
C．caught
D．hit
答案 D
解析 句意为：我正要放弃努力时，突然想到了一个好主意。attract 吸引；beat击败，敲击；catch抓住；hit使突然想起。根据句意，选D项。
归纳拓展
hit sb.on the nose/in the face/on the head打中某人的鼻子/脸/头
make a hit成功,be/make a hit ?with sb.?给?某人?留下很好的第一印象
易混辨析 hit，beat，strike，knock
hit指“打中或对准……来打；敲打或打击对方的某一点；受欢迎的人或事物”；也指“使突然想起”。
beat着重“连续地打击”，例如：殴打或体罚；也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方；也指“心跳”。
strike通常指一下一下地打或敲击；留下印记等；还有“打动；使……着迷；某种想法突然闪现在脑海里”的含义；也可指“(钟)敲响”。
knock指敲打并伴有响声，它还有“打倒，打翻”的意思。
活学活用
用hit，beat，strike，knock的适当形式填空
(1)Waves beat the shore.
(2)Someone is knocking at the door.
(3)A good idea suddenly struck/hit him.
(4)A stone hit him on the head.
4
双语释义 查阅；参考(consult)；提到(mention)；指的是(mean)；关系到(be connected to)
学情诊断
(1)写出下列句子中refer to的汉语意思
①I always refer to a dictionary when I come upon a new word.查阅，参考
②In his speech，he referred to a recent trip to Canada.提到
③You know who I’m referring to.指的是
(2)The scientist ________ to the discovery ________ the most exciting new development in this field.
A．refered；to
B．referred；as
C．refered；as
D．referred；to
答案 B
归纳拓展
refer...to...把……提交给……；让……参考……
refer to...as把……称为
in/with reference to...关于……
易混辨析 look up，refer to
look up，refer to都有“参考；查询”的意思，但搭配不同。
look up的宾语多为word，information等，不可以是book，dictionary，sb.等。
refer to的意思比较广泛，作“查找”讲时，其宾语多为book，dictionary等。
活学活用
用look up，refer to的适当形式填空
(1)I’d like to look_up the word in the dictionary.
(2)If you don’t understand some words，you can refer_to the dictionary.
5
双语释义 (偶然)遇见；碰见(meet by chance)
学情诊断
(1)I was reading when I came_across(遇见) the new word.
(2)How_did_it_come_about_that(怎么回事) you were late again?
(3)I haven’t come_up_with(想出) new ideas.
(4)When will your new book come_out(出版)?
归纳拓展
come up走近；上来；发生，出现；长出地面；被提及/讨论
come up with想出(答案、办法等)
come about发生
come out出版；开花；显露
come on快点；加油；得了吧；进展
6
双语释义 继续做某事；坚持(go on)
学情诊断
(1)同义词语替换
①We all carried_on singing as if nothing odd was happening.went_on
②Please carry_on_with your work.go_on_with
(2)用适当的介、副词填空
①When she left I carried on_(with) her research.
②It won’t be an easy plan to carry out.
③I got carried away and started shouting at the television.
④I’m determined to carry this through in spite of difficulties.
⑤Jackie carried off most of the awards that evening.
归纳拓展
carry out实施；执行；履行
carry sth./sb. through成功完成某事；帮助某人渡过难关
be/get carried away失去自制力；忘乎所以
carry off赢得；获得
1．Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.
当黑猩猩睡醒准备离开的时候，大家坐在树荫下等着。
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①Her parents died while_she_was still at school.
她还在读书时父母就去世了。
②He told two stories.The former was interesting while_the_latter_was_boring.
他讲了两个故事，前者很有趣，然而后者很枯燥。
③While_he_has_shortcomings，I still like him.
尽管他有缺点，我还是喜欢他。
(2)She thought I was praising her child，________，in fact，I was scolding him for his bad behaviors at school.
A．what
B．while
C．so that
D．therefore
答案 B
解析 while表对比，意为“然而”。
归纳拓展
?1?while 可以引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候；和……同时；
在……时”。while还可引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”。
?2?while 可以连接并列句，意思是：而，然而。
?3?while从句中的省略。当while从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且
谓语含有be的某种形式时，从句中的主语连同be动词可同时省略。
2．Once you have seen that you can never forget...,一旦你看到，你绝不会忘记……
学情诊断
(1)Once_you_form_a_bad_habit，it’s very difficult for you to get rid of it.
一旦养成了坏习惯，你就很难改掉它。
(2)单项填空
①He seldom comes here.________he comes I’ll let you know.
A．Once
B．As
C．Unless
D．While
答案 A
解析 once 连词，意为“一旦”。
②All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those________in the forest.
A．once they grew
B．they grew once
C．that once grew
D．once grew
答案 C
解析 once副词，意为“曾经”。
归纳拓展
?1?once conj.一旦
?2?once adv.以前，曾经，一度
3
学情诊断
补全句子并注意两句的异同
(1)Bread and butter is a daily food in the West.
Both bread and butter are sold out.
(2)The worker and writer is from Wuhan.
The worker and the writer are from Beijing.
(3)His family is a great one.
His family are music lovers.
(4)The teacher as well as the students has read the book already.
Not only the teacher but also the students have read the book already.
(5)The number of people invited was fifty.
But a number of them were absent for different reasons.
Ⅰ.根据英文释义写出下列单词
1．achievement：a thing that sb. has done successfully，especially using their own effort and skill
2．welfare：happiness and health of people；money paid by the government
3．outspoken：giving opinions openly and honestly
4．childhood：the period of time when someone is a child
5．crowd：to fill a place so there is little room to move
Ⅱ.语境填词
1．The famous doctor has delivered hundreds of babies during her life.
2．He declared his intention to run for office.
3．Though having lived abroad for years，many Chinese still observe their traditional customs.
4．In a way，I think we both won—I won the game but you won my respect.
5．Recently they have held a fierce argument about the advantages and disadvantages of ads.
Ⅲ.词义猜测或句意理解题——用本单元词汇或句式替换划线部分
1．She spent years watching and recording their activities.observing
2．She thinks that wild animals should be left in the wild.argues
3．Don’t always use the dictionary if you meet new words.refer_to
4．The book is written for teenagers.intended
5．I’d like to be a worker to go_on_with her work.carry_on_with
Ⅳ.微写作(16)
写作素材
1．今天我被请来作报告。
2．我本想早到可我的车坏了。
3．我碰见了史密斯先生。
4．他主动提出开车送我去。
5．多亏他的善良和体贴，我及时赶到。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Today, I was asked to deliver a speech, I had intended to arrive early but my car broke down.Then I came across Mr.Smith, who offered to drive me there.Thanks to his kindness and consideration, I got here just in time.
Ⅴ.微语法(16)——主谓一致
(课外拓展——一个单元突破一个语法点)
1．The basketball coach，as well as his team，________ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
(2012·陕西，12)
A．were
B．was
C．is
D．are
答案 B
解析 考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语中心词是“the basketball coach”是单数；根据shortly after the match可以推断出题干时态是一般过去时，故选B项。
2．The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials，the rest of which ________ saved for other purposes.
(2011·安徽，27)
A．is
B．are
C．was
D．were
答案 D
解析 句意为：这家工厂使用了65%的原料，其余的被省下来用作其他用途。题中the rest of which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代raw materials。the rest of“其余的，剩余的”作主语时谓语动词取决于其后所跟的名词，而which指代剩余的raw materials，是复数名词，因此谓语动词应该用复数形式，根据前半句中的谓语动词used可知从句也要用一般过去时，所以选D项。
3．One-third of the country________covered with trees and the majority of the citizens________black people.
(2011·湖南，26)
A．is；are
B．is；is
C．are；are
D．are；is
答案 A
解析 句意为：这个国家的森林覆盖面积占国土面积的三分之一，并且大多数市民都是黑人。“分数/百分数＋名词”作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数取决于名词的形式；“the majority of＋名词”作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数也取决于名词的形式。故本题选A项。
4．Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who________evening dress. (2010·大纲全国Ⅱ，9)
A．wear
B．wears
C．has worn
D．have worn
答案 B
解析 句意为：Barbara很容易被辨认出来，因为她是唯一一名穿晚礼服的妇女。题干中先行词是the only one，故定语从句中用单数谓语动词；再根据主句的谓语动词是一般现在时知，从句也用一般现在时。
5．—Have you heard about the new school?
—No，when and where to build it ________.
A．hasn’t been decided
B．aren’t decided
C．has not decided
D．haven’t been decided
答案 A
解析 “疑问词＋不定式”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，且根据上下文可知，此处应用现在完成时，故答案为A。
Step Two 微写作——语段集训
第10讲 表示变化
1．Great changes have taken place in computers in the last few years.
过去的几年里电脑发生了巨大的变化。
2．Computers have brought about many changes in our daily life.
电脑给我们的日常生活带来了很多变化。
3．A great change will surely be produced in the way of the people’s communications.
人们之间的交流方式将发生一个很大的变化。
4．Nowadays，there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem.
目前，存在着一个越来越严重的社会/经济/环境问题。
5．It has increasingly become a common concern of the public.
它已经成为公众越来越关心的话题。
e．g.
Great changes have taken place in people’s diet in the last few years.Its major reasons are not far to seek.At present，an increasing number of people have realized the importance of a healthier diet.They prefer what contains more protein and vitamins.
即时训练
写作素材
1．近年来，人们的健康观念发生了巨大变化。
2．人们都认为合理节食，适当锻炼，保持乐观的心态对健康很重要。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇语句连贯的英语小短文)
There_have_been_great_changes_in_people’s_health_point_in_recent_years.It’s_believed_that_it’s_of_great_importance_to_be_on_a_diet，take_regular_exercise_and_keep_optimistic.