Unit 20 B卷
一、阅读理解
A
Many Americans take their summer vacations in August.President Obama and his family are among them.This August the first family visited the Florida Gulf Coast.The president wants to promote tourism in the area after the BP oil spill(漏油)．The first family took a tenday vacation on Martha's Vinejard，an island off the coast of Massachusetts.
Martha's Vineyard is known for the sailing，sunsets and its tall cliffs overlooking the Atlantic Ocean.The island is about 13 kilometers off the coast and is less than 260 square kilometers.Homes designed like those of earlier times line the streets of Edgartown，Oak Bluffs and Vineyard Haven.These are the major towns on Martha's Vineyard.
For most of the year，the population of Martha's Vineyard is about 15,000.In summer，more than 100,000 people crowd the island.In addition to the Obamas，you might see some Hollywood stars and other rich and famous people.Many visitors return year after year.
During warm weather the Vineyard is a good place for many different activities.People can play golf or catch fish.They can ride in sailboats or motor boats.They can waterski and swim.They can take quiet walks along sandy beaches and among the thick green trees.
One of the popular places for families with children is the Flying Horses Carousel in Oak Bluffs.It is the oldest continually operated merrygoround ride in the United States.The colorful wood horses that turn in a circle were created in 1876.One of the best places for children to swim is the Joseph A．Sylvia state beach.The water there is warmer and calmer.Families also enjoy the Felix Neck Wildlife Sanctuary where they can observe much of the island wildlife.
Visitors watch the sunsets sitting on the beach and on rocks in the fishing village of Menemsha.As the sun goes down in the sky it paints yellow，red，and other colors on the clouds.Fishing boats rise and fall with the waves.Bells sound to help guide the boats to land as darkness covers the water.
Historians say British mapmaker Bartholomew Gosnold first made a map of the island for the rulers of England in 1602.Gosnold named the island to honor his baby daughter，Martha.The Vineyard part of the name came from the many wild grape vines Gosnold found on the island.Later，King Charles of England gave the island to businessman Thomas Mayhew of the Massachusetts Bay Colony，whose son established the first European settlement on the island in 1642.By the middle of the nineteenth century，ships from the American mainland began bringing visitors to the island.Big hotels were built near the edge of the water.Martha's Vineyard was on its way to becoming the visitors' center that it is today.
1．We can infer that ______.
A．the BP oil spill has a negative effect on the tourism along the Florida Gulf Coast
B．the BP oil spill has contributed to the tourism along the Florida Gulf Coast
C．President Obama went to the Florida Gulf Coast to deal with the BP oil spill
D．this was the first time that President Obama and his family had taken the vacation on Martha's Vineyard
2．Which month is the peak time for tourism in Martha's Vineyard?
A．January.B．August.
C．December.
D．March.
3．If children want to see wild animals，the family should go to ______.
A．the Flying Horses Carousel
B．the Sylvia state beach
C．the fishing village of Menemsha
D．the Felix Neck Wildlife Sanctuary
4．Bartholomew Gosnold named the island Martha in honor of ______.
A．his mother
B．the king of England
C．his daughter
D．his father
B
Washington(Reuters)—People who drink two or more sweetened soft drinks a week have a much higher risk of pancreatic cancer(胰腺癌)，an unusual but deadly cancer，researchers reported on Monday.
People who drank mostly fruit juice instead of sodas did not have the same risk，the study of 60,000 people in Singapore found.
Sugar may be to blame but people who drink sweetened sodas regularly often have other poor health habits，said Mark Pereira of the University of Minnesota，who led the study.
“The high levels of sugar in soft drinks may be increasing the level of insulin(胰岛素)in the body，which we think contributes to pancreatic cancer cell growth，”Pereira said in a statement.
Writing in the journal Cancer Epidemiology，Biomarkers & Prevention，Pereira and his colleagues said they followed 60,524 men and women in the Singapore Chinese Health Study for 14 years.
Over that time,140 of the volunteers developed pancreatic cancer.Those who drank two or more sweetened soft drinks a week had an 87 percent higher risk of being among those who got pancreatic cancer.
Pereira said he believed the findings would apply elsewhere.
“Singapore is a wealthy country with excellent healthcare.Favorite pastimes(消遣)are eating and shopping，so the findings should apply to other Western countries，”he said.
But Susan Mayne of the Yale Cancer Center at Yale University in Connecticut was cautious.
“Although this study found a risk，the finding was based on a relatively small number of cases and it remains unclear whether it is a causal(因果的)connection or not，”said Mayne，who serves on the board of the journal，which is published by the American Association for Cancer Research.
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest forms of cancer，with 230,000 cases globally.In the United States,37,680 people are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in a year and 34,290 die of it.
5．According to the text，who is in control of the health study?
A．Mark Pereira.
B．Scientists from Singapore.
C．Researchers in Yale.
D．Susan Mayne.
6．We can infer from Pereira's words that ______.
A．the healthcare in Singapore should be greatly improved
B．2 soft drinks a day are considered harmful to health
C．87 out of 140 volunteers developed pancreatic cancer
D．sugar might not be the only cause of pancreatic cancer
7．How does Susan seem to feel about the findings of the study?
A．Satisfied.
B．Doubtful.
C．Worried.
D．Hopeful.
8．The best title of the text might be“______”．
A．The Deadliest Forms of Cancer
B．Drink Fruit Juice Instead of Sodas
C．A Study in University of Minnesota
D．Sugary Soft Drinks Lead to Cancer
二、任务型读写
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
For the last few days，I've been wondering，“What would make us happier？”I received various and thoughtful answers，but the most common ones were to do with jobs，more money and better careers.
However，although much research still needs to be done to discover the causes of happiness，personally speaking，I think happiness comes from“intentional activities”—certain ways of thinking and behaving.Some simple methods have already been shown to increase happiness，which are as follows.
Being thankful is a positive emotion in itself，so it's no surprise that people who are told to express more gratitude(感激)find themselves becoming gradually happier over time.At the end of each day，write down three good things that happened that day，and why they happened.This simple change of focus，over time，can lead to significant increase in happiness.
Have you heard the old saying“Stick to your strengths.”？Well，it's actually pretty good advice.Research has shown that people who recognize their personal strengths and make full use of them on a daily basis gradually become happier.
Encouragingly，random(任意的)acts of kindness are not only beneficial to the receiver；they also make the giver happier.This could mean helping a friend，a family member，or even a complete stranger affects your own happiness.
Do you ever take the time to remember the good old days？In one study，people who were told to spend 15 minutes a day looking back on their happy memories ended up happier than people asked to think about sad memories.For benefit，don't explain your happy memories，and don't compare the past to the present.Just relive the good times in your mental theatre.
The striking feature of all these exercises is how simple they are，and yet over time their effects can be significant.
Of course，these exercises will not bring you“true”happiness；research has shown these techniques can at least lead people in the right direction.Why not pick one，and try it out for a couple of weeks？
Topic Simple 1. to increase happiness
Theme Intentional activities 2.______ to the increasing happiness.
3.______
gratitude *Those who are always grateful to others feel happier than anyone else.
*Happiness can 4.______ increase by recording three good things every day.
Use your
strengths Recognizing your personal strengths and using them to the 5.______ will gradually make you happier.
Show your
kindness Acts of kindness not just 6.______ the receiver but have positive effects on the giver.
Recall your
former
7.______ *Spend several 8.______ per day looking back on happy memories.
*Never compare the past to the present and never make any 9.______ of your happy memories.
Conclusion These exercises will correctly 10.______ you forward.
参考答案与解析
课时作业(四十)
Unit 20 B卷
一、阅读理解
解题导语：本文为说明文，介绍了美国著名的度假胜地Martha's Vineyard。
1．解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第四句“The president wants to promote tourism in the area after the BP oil spill(漏油)．”可知，漏油事件后奥巴马总统来到这个地区度假是想刺激当地的旅游业发展，由此可以判断漏油事件对当地的旅游业产生了不良的影响。
答案：A
2．解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句可以看出夏季是岛上旅游的旺季。
答案：B
3．解析：细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Families also enjoy the Felix Neck Wildlife Sanctuary where they can observe much of the island wildlife.”可知答案。
答案：D
解题导语：华盛顿路透社报道。研究人员发现，喝甜软饮料的人更容易患胰腺癌——一种非同寻常而又致命的癌症。
5．解析：细节理解题。根据第三段后半部分内容可知这项健康研究的负责人是Mark Pereira。
答案：A
6．解析：推理判断题。第三段中Pereira提到糖分也许应该受到责备，但那些喝甜软饮料的人通常有其他不健康的习惯。
答案：D
7．解析：推理判断题。倒数第三段中提到耶鲁大学癌症中心的Susan Mayne对此非常谨慎，倒数第二段接着讲述了她对此的看法，由此可推断此人对这项研究发现持“怀疑”态度。
答案：B
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