Test 22
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Going to school means learning new skills and facts in different subjects.Teachers teach and students learn，and many scientists are interested in finding ways to improve both teaching and learning processes.
Sian Beilock and Susan Leving，two psychologists at the University of Chicago，are trying to learn about learning.In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school，Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn：If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills，then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.“If these girls keep getting math-anxious female teachers in later grades，it_may_create_a_snowball_effect_on_their_math_achievement，” Levine told Science News.The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are，then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.
Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult，teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn and teach.The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone.
The new study involved 65 girls,52 boys and 17 first and second-grade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest.The students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year，and the researchers compared the scores.
The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed a math superstar had to be a boy.Then the researchers turned to the teachers：To find out which teachers were anxious about math，the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math，such as when reading a sales receipt.A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt，for example，was probably anxious about math.
Boys，on average，were unaffected by a teacher’s anxiety.On average，girls with math-anxious teachers scored lower on the end-of-the-year math tests than other girls in the study did.Plus，on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy,20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers with math anxiety.
According to surveys done before this one，college students who want to become elementary school teachers have the highest levels of anxiety about math.Plus，nine of every 10 elementary teachers are women，Levine said.
1．Sian Beilock and Susan Levine carried out the new research in order to ________.
A．know the effects of teaching on learning
B．study students’ ways of learning math
C．prove women teachers are unfit to teach math
D．find better teaching methods for teachers
答案 B
解析 根据第二段前半部分可知本题选B项。
2．The underlined part in paragraph 2 most probably means that girls may ________.
A．end up learning math anxiety from their teachers
B．study the ways their female teachers behave
C．have an influence on their math-anxious female teachers
D．gain unexpected achievement in such subjects as math
答案 A
解析 根据下文“The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are，then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.”可知这句话表明如果女生跟着对数学感到焦虑的女老师，对她们的影响会越来越大，像滚雪球一样。
3．In the study，what were the teachers required to do?
A．Prepare two math achievement tests for the students.
B．Tell their feelings about math problems.
C．Answer whether a math superstar had to be a boy.
D．Compare the students’ scores after the math tests.
答案 B
解析 根据第五段可知B项正确。
4．What is the finding of the new study?
A．No male students were affected by their teachers’ anxiety.
B．Almost all the girls got lower scores in the tests than the boys.
C．About 30% of the girls thought boys are better at math than girls.
D．Girls with math-anxious teachers all failed in the math tests.
答案 C
解析 根据第四段第一句话可知共65名女生参加测试，根据倒数第二段可知有20个女生认为男生在数学方面比女生做的好，所以比例为30%。
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．117 students and teachers took part in the new study.
B．The researchers felt surprised at the findings of their study.
C．Beilock and Levine are interested in teaching math.
D．Men teachers are better at teaching math than women teachers.
答案 B
解析 根据第二段“Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship...”可知他们对结果感到吃惊。
B
A few months ago as I wandered through my parents’ house，the same house I grew up in，I had a sudden，scary realization.When my parents bought the house，in 1982，they were only two years older than I am now.I tried to imagine myself in two years，ready to settle down and buy the house I’d still be living in almost 30 years later.
It seemed ridiculous.On a practical level，there’s no way I could afford to buy a house anytime soon.More importantly，I wouldn’t want to.I’m not sure where I’ll be living in two years，or what kind of job I’ll have.And I don’t think I’ll be ready to settle down and stay in one place.
So this is probably the generation gap that divides my friends and me from our parents.When our parents were our age，they’d gotten their education，chosen a career，and were starting to settle into responsible adult lives.
My friends and I “Generation Y” still aren’t sure what we want to do with our lives.Whatever we end up doing，we want to make sure we’re happy doing it.We’d rather take risks first，try out different jobs，and move from one city to another until we find our favorite place.We’d rather spend our money on travel than put it in a savings account.
This casual attitude toward responsibility has caused some critics to call my generation “arrogant”，“impatient”，and “overprotected”．Some of these complaints have a point.As children we were encouraged to succeed in school，but also to have fun.We grew up in a world full of technological innovation：cellphones，the Internet，instant messaging，and video games.
Our parents looked to rise vertically(垂直的)—starting at the bottom of the ladder and slowly making their way to the top，on the same track，often for the same company.That doesn’t apply to my generation.
Because of that，it may take us longer than our parents to arrive at responsible，stable adulthood.But that’s not necessarily a bad thing.In our desire to find satisfaction，we will work harder，strive for ways to keep life interesting，and gain a broader set of experiences and knowledge than our parents’ generation did.By Ariel Lewiton
6．When the author walked through her parents’ house，she ________.
A．was frightened that she had no idea what she wanted from life
B．started to think about her own life
C．realized I should buy a house
D．wondered why her parents had settled down early
答案 B
解析 根据第一段的“When my parents bought the house，in 1982，they were only two years older than I am now.I tried to imagine myself in two years...”可知是想象自己未来的生活。所以B项正确。
7．What is the main “generation gap” between the author and her friends and their parents according to the article?
A．Their attitude toward high technology.
B．Their ways of making their way to the top.
C．Their attitude towards responsibility.
D．Their ways of gaining experience.
答案 C
解析 根据第五段中的“This casual attitude toward responsibility has caused some critics to call my generation ‘arrogant’，‘impatient’，and ‘overprotected’．”可知，父母和我们之间的代沟是：对待责任的态度。所以C项正确。
8．Which of the following might the author agree with?
A．It’s all right to try more before settling down.
B．It’s better to take adult responsibility earlier.
C．It involves too much effort to rise vertically.
D．It’s ridiculous to call her generation “arrogant”．
答案 A
解析 根据文章的第四段中的“We’d rather take risks first，try out different jobs，and move from one city to another until we find our favorite place.”可知，在我们找到最喜欢的地方之前，我们宁愿冒险，尝试不同的工作，从一个城市到另一个城市。这表明他们愿意在定居之前多尝试一些。所以A项正确。
9．What can we conclude from the article?
A．The author is envious of her parents enjoying a big house at her age.
B．Growing up in a hi-tech world makes “Generation Y” feel insecure about relationships.
C．“Generation Y” people don’t want to grow up and love to be taken care of by their parents.
D．The author wrote this article so that others would be able to understand her generation better.
答案 D
解析 根据文章的最后一段可知D项正确。
10．What is the main theme of the article?
A．The sudden realization of growing up.
B．A comparison between lifestyles of generations.
C．Criticisms of the young generation.
D．The factors that have changed the young generation.
答案 B
解析 综观全文可知：本文的主题是比较两代人之间生活方式的差异。
Ⅱ.微写作
写作素材
1．多年的学校生活教会了我很多东西。
2．团队协作对我来说最重要。
3．实际上，让我解除困扰并使工作更有效的是团队工作而不是单打独斗。
(素材来源于2011·湖北·短文写作)
提示：尽量使用高级表达：介词＋which引导的非限制性定语从句；强调句等。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Years of school life has taught me a lot of things，of which teamwork is the most important for me.Actually it is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and made the work more efficient.
1．likely adj.可能的adv.可能 be likely to do...可能做…… as likely as not很可能 not likely绝不可能2．responsibility n．责任 responsible adj.负责的 be responsible for为……负责 take responsibility for为……负责 a sense of responsibility责任感
3．come across (偶然)遇见 come about发生 come to苏醒 come out出版 come up提出；升起
4．settle down安静下来；定居 settle on决定 settle a problem解决问题
5．To find out which teachers were anxious about math，the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math，such as when reading a sales receipt.
句中动词不定式to find out which teachers were anxious about math作目的状语，which引导宾语从句，how they felt at times...作动词asked的宾语，在该宾语从句中包含一个由when引导的定语从句，修饰times。
如何做科普知识类阅读理解题？
科普类文章是高考阅读理解中的难点题材，其取材密切联系当前经济和科技等方面的变化，以介绍某一科学现象居多。科普类文章具有结构严谨、逻辑性强等特点。其主要命题形式有事实细节题、词义猜测题、推理
判断题以及主旨概括题等，其中推理判断题居多。这类文章的总体特点是：科技词汇多，句子结构复杂，理论性强，逻辑严谨。
解答这类题目时应注意：
1．遵循先问题后文章的解题思路。这样针对性更强，同时又可以避免生词的影响。
2．科普类文章对细节理解题考查较多，所以阅读文章时，要随时把一些重要的细节信息划出来，以和题目进行对比，不必对文章内容作过多的思考。本节中A篇第1、3、4、5题均属于细节性问题，根据题干中的信息词，我们可以直接在文章中找到答案所在的段落，不需要对文章作过多的思考，同时还可避开生词的影响，提高答题的准确率。