Test 15
Ⅰ.完形填空
The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun，but the man with the portable computer in business class.In the past 15 years，__1__ have reported well over 100 __2__ that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference.The __3__ of this interference remains unconfirmed，__4__ increasingly，experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic devices such as portable computers，radios and cassette players and mobile telephones.
RTCA，an organization which __5__ the aviation industry，has recommended that __6__ airlines ban such electronic devices from being used __7__“critical” stages of flight，__8__ take-off and landing.Some experts have gone further，__9__ for a total ban during all flights.Currently，rules on using these devices are __10__ up to individual airlines.And although some airlines prohibit passengers from__11__ such equipment during take-off and landing，most are reluctant to enforce a total ban.Many passengers want to work during flights.
The __12__ is predicting how electromagnetic fields__13__ affect an aircraft’s computers.Experts __14__ that portable devices emit radiation，which affects those wavelengths which__15___use for navigation and communication.But，they have not been able to __16__these effects in a laboratory，they have no__17__of knowing whether the interference might be __18__ or not.
The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable(易受攻击) to interference __19__ the risk that terrorist may use radio system in order to __20__ navigation equipment.
1．A.drivers
B．pilots
C．engineers
D．conductors
答案 B
解析 文章第一句已表明：当今航空公司面对的最大的安全威胁不是持枪的恐怖分子，而是手提电脑。对飞机上的这种事情最了解的应是飞行员。
2．A.actions
B．events
C．matters
D．incidents
答案 D
解析 此处指飞机上发生的这类事情，incident指较小的事件、插曲、小故事。
3．A.reason
B．effect
C．source
D．story
答案 C
解析 根据下句话得知“手提电脑，移动电话”等这些电子装置应是“干扰源”，而不是受干扰的结果，受干扰的应当是飞机。
4．A.and
B．for
C．but
D．so
答案 C
解析 “没有确认”(unconfirmed)与“在增加”(increasingly)中间应是转折关系。
5．A.advises
B．persuades
C．ensures
D．warns
答案 A
解析 因为下文用了recommend(劝告)一词，所以这个组织应该是向航空工业提建议的一个组织，这样才前后一致。
6．A.some
B．several
C．all
D．no
答案 C
解析 因为这种电磁的(electromagnetic)干扰对飞机航空的安全造成最大的威胁，所以应该是所有的飞机都要有这样的禁令。
7．A.for
B．with
C．by
D．during
答案 D
解析 此处指飞机在飞行期间的一些对技术设备要求严格、要求高的时期，一定要严禁使用此类装置。
8．A.particularly
B．specially
C．unfortunately
D．possibly
答案 A
解析 据上面解释，特别是起飞、降落时。
9．A.looking
B．calling
C．waiting
D．asking
答案 B
解析 有些专家要求更高，要求飞行期间全面禁用。call for需要，要求。
10．A.put
B．left
C．given
D．sent
答案 B
解析 表示目前使用这些设置的规矩都留了下来。
11．A.carrying
B．taking
C．fixing
D．using
答案 D
解析 这种装置可以携带，不能使用，一旦使用产生电磁效应干扰，所以选D项。
12．A.possibility
B．difficulty
C．necessity
D．idea
答案 B
解析 推断出电磁效应是如何影响飞机的计算机，这在目前是件难事，如果不难，科学家能解决，就不必有禁令了，所以选difficulty。
13．A.must
B．should
C．need
D．might
答案 D
解析 表示“可能”，因为拿不准，语气轻。
14．A.know
B．tell
C．guess
D．think
答案 A
解析 这些手提装置已广为人们所用，所以科学家“知道”……。
15．A.aircraft
B．trains
C．ships
D．cars
答案 A
解析 该文讲的都是航空，选A(飞机，飞行器)。
16．A.restudy
B．retell
C．reproduce
D．renew
答案 C
解析 该句主语为they，指的是那些有电磁效应的装置，选C项，意为“再现”；而renew意为“更新，重新开始”。
17．A.key
B．way
C．step
D．trick
答案 B
解析 因为这些装置的干扰情况在实验室里还未能再现，所以科学家们就没有办法得知这种干扰是否危险。
18．A.dangerous
B．strong
C．helpful
D．useful
答案 A
解析 由上题解析可知选A。
19．A.faces
B．raises
C．runs
D．takes
答案 B
解析 飞机容易受干扰攻击的这一事实增加了恐怖分子冒险利用无线电系统破坏航空设备的可能性。
20．A.repair
B．guide
C．lead
D．damage
答案 D
解析 恐怖分子只会冒险破坏，而不会去修理、引导等。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
June 26,2000—the Human Genome(基因组) Project，a great $3 billion,15-year task aimed at drawing the genetic map of humans，is now more than 90 percent completed.The scientific and medical communities(团体) are very excited about the chances genetic research provides for getting rid of diseases and prolonging human life.But those communities and policy makers also are careful about the scientific door they are opening as the project uncovers the mysteries of life.
For the last few years，the genetic advances in the developing field of biotechnology have provides material for all kinds of work，but the developments of modern science in unlocking the secrets of the human genetic code have opened a world of possibilities for human health，as well as for the popular imagination.
While European and Japanese researchers are making rapid progress in decoding human DNA，the leading organization for genetic research is in the United States，which began in 1990，is “unlocking the code” of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal diseases.Already，the Human Genome Project has become widely known and praised for finding the genes connected with terrible diseases as yet，and making progress toward separating the genes that show a sign of breast cancer or AIDS.
Once these genes are found and studied，researchers can develop new ways to attack infections，and genetic diseases.Medical companies are very interested in mapping the human genome，as they expect to develop a lot of new drugs for these illnesses.
1．Why did the scientists work hard at mapping the human genome?
A．Because the human genome can destroy many illnesses.
B．Because the human genome’s completion can help them get rid of many diseases.
C．Because they wanted to be better known than others.
D．Because the human genome can provide a lot of chances of work.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。从文章最后一段第一句话可以看出科学家们完成人类基因组图的目的。
2．Which country studied the genes most rapidly in the world?
A．Japan.
B．Germany.
C．The United States.
D．China.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段“...the leading organization for genetic research is in the United States”，所以答案选C项。
3．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．If the genes can be found，scientists can study many new ways to cure illnesses.
B．The scientists have made great progress in connecting the genes with the cancers.
C．Many medical companies show great interest in drawing the human genome map.
D．The United States began the Genes Study early in the 19th century.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。美国是在 1990年，即 20世纪末开始绘制人类基因组图的，所以选项D不对。
4．The author suggests that the Human Genome Project can cause ________.
A．the policy makers to feel very worried and careful
B．the scientists to work harder
C．many people to find work easily
D．a lot of companies to produce many new drugs
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。从文章内容可知，人类基因组图的完成将有助于科学家们攻克一系列难关。所以，他们在更努力地探究。
5．The main idea of this article is about ________.
A．unlocking genetic code
B．the genes’ discovery
C．the great human genome
D．the genes and the scientists
答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。综合文章内容，不难概括出本文主旨：解读基因密码。
Ⅲ.微写作
写作素材
1．在小明生日时，我们想请你一起给他一个惊喜。
2．我们每人会准备一件礼物，看到他兴奋的样子一定很好玩。
3．相信你会玩得很开心。
(素材来源于2012·大纲全国Ⅱ·书面表达)
提示：尽量使用高级表达：复合宾语；it作形式主语；宾语从句等。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
We’d like to invite you to join us in giving Xiao Ming a surprise at his birthday.We each will prepare a present.It’s nice to see how excited he will be and I’m sure you’ll have a good time.
1．prohibit v．禁止；阻止 prohibition n．禁令 prohibit sb.from doing...禁止某人做……
2．recommend v．建议；推荐 recommendation n．建议；劝告；推荐 recommend sb.to do...劝说某人做…… recommend doing...建议做…… recommend...to sb.把……推荐给某人
3．take risks冒险 run/take the risk of冒险做…… at risk处于危险中 risk doing...冒险做……
4．While European and Japanese researchers are making rapid progress in decoding(解码) human DNA，the leading organization for genetic research is in the United States，which began in 1990，is “unlocking the code” of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal diseases.
句中while引导让步状语从句，主句中主语为the_leading_organization，谓语包括两部分：is_in_the_United_States和is_“unlocking_the_code”_of_the_human_body...，which began in 1990为定语从句，修饰the_leading_organization，动词不定式to learn how to defeat...作目的状语，how to defeat fatal diseases作动词learn的宾语。
如何利用语境选择正确答案？
做语境化选择题，要立足语篇环境，树立全局观念，瞻前顾后，连贯思维，从语境角度来选择答案。选项通常具有暗示性和后线索性。平时训练要遵循以下答题技巧：
1．避免只注重语境，忽略基本的习惯搭配及习惯用法
很多考生在此类试题中丢了分，究其原因是考生只注
重语境，而忽视了词汇的习惯搭配、语法知识和习惯用法。所以考生在准确掌握语境的同时，更要注意所要填入的名词、形容词、动词与空格前面或后面某个词汇的习惯搭配，掌握常见词汇的习惯用法。
2．巧妙利用平行结构，准确判断逻辑关系
平行结构形式整齐匀称，内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其意义的关联或对比这一特点来设空。高考完形填空常常会出现这样一些平行结构，掌握与这些结构极为相似的句子可以大大提高解题效率。如本节完形填空中的第4空The__3(source) of this interference remains unconfirmed，__4__ increasingly，experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic devices such as...，“没有确认”(unconfirmed)与“在增加”(increasingly)中间应是转折关系，不是其他关系，故选C项。