Test 14
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
“If there is one thing I’m sure about，it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers.It is not that newspapers are a necessity.Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio.Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday.But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation.
The nature of what is news may change.What basically makes news is what affects our lives—the big political stories，the coverage of the wars，earthquakes and other disasters，will continue much the same.I think there will be more coverage of scientific research，though.It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives，like genetic(基因) engineering.In the future，I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do—as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.
It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted(传送) electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home.In fact，I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future.You will probably be able to choose from a menu，making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read—sports and international news，etc.
I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media(媒体)．They actually feed_off each other.Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers，but that hasn’t happened.What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air.And as for the Internet，it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.
1．What is the best title for the passage?
A．The Best Way to Get News
B．The Changes of Media
C．Make Your Own Newspaper
D．The Future of Newspaper
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。文章开头说一百年后人们仍要读报，到后面文章讲到报纸跟人们生活的关系，报纸的形式和内容，可归纳出此题的答案为D项。
2．In the writer’s opinion，in the future，________.
A．more big political affairs，wars and disasters will make news
B．newspapers will not be printed in publishing houses any longer
C．newspapers will cover more scientific research
D．more and more people will watch TV
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I think there will be more coverage of scientific research，though.”可推知此题答案为C项。
3．What will probably be on in the newspaper made by yourself?
A．Sports and international news.
B．A menu of important news.
C．The most important news.
D．What you are interested in.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。从文章第三段最后一句可推知此题答案为D项。
4．From the passage，we can infer ________.
A．newspapers will win the competition among the different media
B．newspapers will stay with us together with other media
C．television will take the place of newspaper
D．the writer believe some media will die out
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段推知此题答案为B项。
5．The phrase “feed off” in the last paragraph means ________.
A．depend on
B．compete with
C．fight with
D．kill off
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。作者上一句说人们错误地认为各种不同的媒体相互竞争，而下一句作者又说 They actually feed off each other(注意句中 actually一词)，再结合所给的四个选项，可知选A项最合适。
B
Lucky is the man who has no “skeleton in his closet”．When a man has done something in his life that he is ashamed of，that he wants to hide，he is said to have a “skeleton in his closet”．Some people may have more than one skeleton.
As we have noted many times，it is hard to find out how these expressions begin.Sometimes，we get some hard facts.But more often we have to depend on guesswork.And that is true of this phrase，which came from England.
Before 1932，English law did not permit a doctor to cut open a dead human body for scientific examination，unless it was the corpse(尸体) of an executed(处决) criminal.
But when it became legal，more and more doctors demanded skeletons for a more scientific study of medicine.It was helping in the advance of modern medicine.The demand had become so strong that men began to rob tombs and sell skeletons to doctors at high prices.
We are told that a doctor would usually buy just one skeleton for scientific study.It became very important in his work.But he had to keep it hidden because most people objected to keeping such a thing.As a rule，the doctor would keep his skeleton in some dark corner where it could not be seen，or hide it in a closet.
After a time，people began to suspect(怀疑) every doctor of hiding a skeleton in the closet.From this suspicion，the phrase “a skeleton in the closet” took on a broader，more general meaning to describe anything that a man wanted to keep others from discovering.It could be proof of a criminal act，or something much less serious.Well，that is one theory.
One writer，however，believes that the phrase might have come from something that really happened.It is his guess that a hidden closet in some old English country home may have turned up a real skeleton，clear proof of some old family shame or crime.Well，one man’s guess is as good as another.But this sounds like a story by the great French novelist，Balzac.
Baizac tells us of a man who suspected his wife of having a lover.The husband comes home by surprise.But she hears him and quickly hides her lover in the closet of her bedroom.He enters her room and asks her if she is hiding her lover.He says he will not open the door to the closet if she promises him there is no one there；he will believe her.She answers firmly that she is not hiding anyone in the closet.
The husband then begins to build a solid brick wall against the closet.His wife watches，knowing that her lover will never come out alive.But she will not change her story and admit her guilt.
6．Which of the following situations is suitable for using the phrase “skeleton in the closet”？
A．You have stolen something precious and don’t want it discovered.
B．You are a doctor and have to keep a skeleton for research.
C．If you have cut open a dead human body for scientific examination you should keep the skeleton secret.
D．You have done a crime or done something foolish，but you want to keep others from discovering it.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知它的意思是一个人想隐藏自己感到羞愧的事，由此可推知犯了罪或做了傻事而又不想让别人知道的符合“skeleton in the closet”，故选 D项。
7．From the text we know that there are ________ theories about how the phrase “skeleton in the closet” came into being.
A．one
B．two
C．three
D．four
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。阅读全文得知本文用了两个故事来解释这个短语，一是英国医生用死尸来进行医学研究；二是法国作家 Balzac讲述的丈夫将妻子的情人封死在墙里，由此可知B项为正确答案。
8．In Chinese the word “skeleton” means “________”．
A．尸体
B．标本
C．收藏
D．骷髅
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。从该词的源处得知它与死尸有关，再从倒数第三段“It is his guess that a hidden closet in some old English country home may have turned up a real skeleton...”可推测其义为D项。
9．Which of the following is right according to the text?
A．In the 20th century，doctors realized the importance of anatomy(解剖) in the development of medicine.
B．The doctors of the ancient times liked to collect as many skeleton as possible.
C．The thieves stole skeletons from tombs in order to help the doctors.
D．It was legal that corpses of anybody were cut open for scientific examination in history.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据全文可知B、C、D三项是错误的，再从“It became very important in his work.”可知A项为正确答案。
10．From the story Balzac told we know that the wife’s lover must have become ________.
A．a corpse
B．a phrase
C．a skeleton
D．a secret
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段得知她的情人将死在墙里，自然成为骷髅了。故选C项。
Ⅱ.微写作
写作素材
1．我努力学习，与师生融洽相处，很快成了班上的尖子生。
2．这大大增强了我的信心并且激发了我的积极性。
3．我的经历告诉我，决定一个人成就的不是别人给你什么，而是你如何利用别人给你的。
(素材来源于2012·湖北·短文写作)
提示：尽量使用高级表达：which引导的非限制性定语从句；宾语从句；强调句以及not...but...的用法。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
I studied hard and got along well with my classmates and teachers，and soon became one of the top students in my class，which greatly increased my confidence and got me motivated.My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make use of it that determines who you are.
1．suspect v．怀疑n.嫌疑犯 suspected adj.被怀疑的；可疑的 suspect sb.of...怀疑某人……
2．ashamed adj.羞愧的 shameful adj.可耻的 shame n．羞愧 be ashamed of oneself为自己感到羞愧 be ashamed of doing...因做了某事而感到羞愧 nothing to be ashamed of没有什么不好意思的
3．pick out挑出；拣出 pick up拾起；学会
4．be true of符合 true to life栩栩如生 come true实现
5．As we have noted many times，it is hard to find out how these expressions begin.
句中as引导非限制性定语从句，it为形式主语，代替真正的主语how_these_expressions_begin。
如何做阅读理解中的推理题？
在解答推理性问题时，应清楚所要解答的问题需要针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。
针对细节的推断可用scanning方法，迅速在阅读材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。
针对细节的推断可能要求针对某一句话，推断出其释义或某一事实。
针对主题思想作推断时，其解题的主要依据是文章的主题思想，然后再分析句子之间的逻辑关系，区分观点与例证、原因与结果、主观点与次观点。
在推理判断时要牢记以下几点：
1．严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息或推论依据进行推理，千万不能掺杂自己的主观想法或经验，一切以文章为准。如A篇第4题的A、C、D三项就不是严格按照阅读材料所提供的信息或依据进行的推理，而是一种主观臆断，故错误，依据文章最后一段可推知此题答案为B项。
2．如果某选项中的内容只是阅读材料的简单重复，那它就不是推论，也就不是正确答案；
3．如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合，文中却没有涉及，那它属于主观臆断的结论，也不是正确答案；
4．如果某个选项表达的内容虽在文章中提到，但很片面或不完整，那它也不是正确答案；
5．文中的虚拟语气和情态动词往往能流露出作者的弦外之音，这有助于我们确定正确答案；
6．注意作者在文中的措辞，比如作者在形容词前用了too，excessively，rather，则常常带有否定的口气；
7．某些过渡词(例如：however，but，on the contrary，what’s more)后面所表达的内容往往能够反映作者的观点和态度；
8．正确选项的特点：①不是文中明确说明的内容，有引申推理②大多含义深刻，不是常识选项。