北京市2014高考英语（新人教版）一轮复习练习手册（31）附详细解析
课时作业(三十一) [选修7 Unit 1 Living well](限时：35分钟)完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。(改编自浙江省余杭十四中考试)
When we read books we seem to
21 a new world. This new world can be similar to the one we are living in, or it can be very 22 . Some stories are told 23 they were true. Real people 24 live in a normal world do real things; in other words, the stories are about people just like us doing what we do. Other stories, such as the Harry Potter books, are not 25 . They are characters and creatures that are very different from us and do things that would be 26 for us.
27
there is more to books and writing than this. If we think about it, even realistic writing is only imagined. How can we tell the difference between what is real and what is not real? For example, when we read about Harry Potter, we 28 seem to learn something about the real world. And when Harry studies magic at Hogwarts, he also learns more about his real life than 29 . Reading, like writing, is an action. It is a way _30_ living. When we read or write something ,we do much more than simple look at words on a page. We use our 31 --which is real—and our imagination—which is real in a different way --- to make the words come to life in our minds.
Both realism and fantasy(幻想) 32 the imagination and the “magic” of reading and writing to make us think. When we read 33 realistic, we have to imagine that the people we are reading about are just like us, even though we 34 that we are real and they are 35 . It sounds strange, but it works. When we read, we fill in missing information and 36 about the causes and effects of what a character does. We help the writer by pretending that _37_we read is like real life. In a way, we are writing the book, too.
Most of us probably don’t think about what is going on in our 38 when we are reading. We pick up a book and lose 39
in a good story, eager to find out what will happen next. Knowing how we feel 40 we read can help us become better readers, and it will help us discover more about the real magic of books.
21. A. arrive B. enter C. come D. get
22. A. possibleB. easy
C. new
D. different
23. A. that B. what
C. whether D. as if
24. A. who B. whom
C. where D. which
25. A. realistic
B. reasonableC. moral
D. instructive
26. A. difficult
B. impossible C. important D. necessary
27. A. Otherwise
B. But C. While D. Furthermore
28. A. do B. make C. have D. are
29. A. lessons B. dreams
C. experience D. magic
30. A. with B. to C. for D. of
31. A. knowledge B. skill C. words D. grammar
32. A. make B. get C. use D. have
33. A. a newspaper B. something C. everything D. a story
34. A. find B. learn C. know D. hope
35. A. too B. not C. all D. so
36. A. talk B. learn C. read D. think
37. A. that B. what C. which D. when
38. A. mind B. life C. world D. society
39. A. heart B. time C. money D. ourselves
40. A. what B. how C. when D. why
第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) 21-25. BDDAA
26-30.BBADD
31-35.ACBCB
36-40. DBADC
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Ⅰ.单项填空ies ________ access ________ social services.
A．gain; in
B．gaining; toto
D．gaining; of________in both the U．S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
A. have conducted
B. have been conducted
C. had conducted
D. had been conducted
3．Rose is Mr. Smith's secretary, so she has ________ to all his business emails.
A. power
B. account
C. way
D. access
4．PE will be part of the high school graduation examinations.________， you will have to be strong and healthy to graduate. need
B．In case________prepared.
A．readily
B．actively
C．fully
D．attentively
6．Having lived in the town for quite a few years, Mr. Johnson no longer felt________among the local people.
A．out of order
B．out of place
C．out of control
D．out of the question
7．The lecture mainly deals with the trouble the young have________right from wrong.
A．distinguished
B．distinguishing
C．to distinguish
D．to be distinguished
8．I am extremely________at the way he always stares at me in the office.
A．troubled
B．worried
C．annoyed
D．anxious
9．Some forms of algae have ________to grow on ice.
A．adopted
B．adapted
C．advocated
D．addicted________by such a small boy.
A．to be made fun of
B．to made fun of
C．to made fun
D．making fun of
11．________ the danger from the nuclear radiation，Japanese people have to deal with a severe shortage of food，clothing，fuel and almost everything.]
C．As far as
D．As well as________the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.
A．where
B．that
C．when
D．which
13．—You've got a stomachache？But we ate at the same place.How come my stomach is fine?！Mine isn't ________________ the theory，the scientists asked more than sixty college students to take part in the experiment.，our team will play against the Rockets this weekend.I'm sure we will win.________！完形填空 college，my son began to seek a job.He targeted a company which planned to__16__，there were over 20 candidates，among whom was my son.I__17__，“It's difficult to get into the company.Don't__18__uch for fear that you would feel disappointed when you fail.”My son said smilingly，“__19__，there will be hope！”，only three could__20__，which would later decide the one to be employed.Everything seemed to__21____22__the first round and entered the final.Unexpectedly，the final interview was unbelievably__23__，and all of them were asked to go home and wait for the__24__w.
One morning，my son__25____26__what to say to comfort him，I was told that afternoon that my son received another__27____28__the first text was also part of the test in the interview.The three men received the same text that morning and only my son's__29__was satisfying to the company，so he was employed.I asked my son__30____31__silent，one said “goodbye” and he said “thank you”．__32__” came in that way.That is: don't forget to say “thank you” to those who even__33__you.Saying “thank you” shows your__34__for others' work，therefore，you will get the upper hand in terms of__35__A.interrupted
B．promised As soon as
C．Even if
D．As long as
20．A.enter
B．survive
C．change
D．judge
21．A.move
B．go
C．fit
D．stay
22．A.passed
B．earned
C．left
D．started
23．A.challenging
B．simple
C．perfect
D．secret
24．A.course
B．plan
C．answer
D．resultworked on
27．A.gift
B．note
C．text
D．rule
28．A.Ridiculously
B．Actually
C．Cleverly
D．Sadly
29．A.reply
B．question
C．reason
D．beliefwent
32．A.hope
B．dream
C．plan
D．aim
33．A.cheat
B．hate
C．dislike
D．disappoint
34．A.pity
B．doubt
C．respect
D．desire阅读理解1980, John Lennon — an English musician who rose to fame as one of the founding members of Liverpool pop band the Beatles — was shot dead outside his New York apartment.
In the 1960s and 70s, Lennon was one of the most iconic(偶像的) men on the planet. Some 30 years ago from his death, he is still respected by many people in the West.formed in 1960 in Liverpool, were one of the most commercial successful acts in the history of pop music, with, according to some estimates, global record sales over 1.1 billion.
The band conveyed the progressive ideals in which many young people of the time believed.
In the 1960s and 70s, widespread tension developed in both British and American society, regarding issues such as women's rights and the Vietnam War.
Lennon in particular became known for his message of peace and for his opposition to the war in Vietnam. This led to an attempt by former US president Richard Nixon to drive him away from the US. Lennon's secondwife Yoko Ono was also politically active.
Lennon was also hugely admired for his musical abilities. Lennon and his fellow Paul McCartney were the Beatles' songwriting team.
After Lennon was shot by crazy fan Mark Chapman，one of his most iconic songs，Imagine, became a humanist anthem(颂歌)．y survived his death and continued till this day.In 2008, he was ranked the fifth greatest singer of all time in USbased Rolling Stone magazine.
Former possessions of Lennon or furnishings from his homes continue to be sold for vast sums.
In an auction(拍卖) to be held next week in London, lines written by Lennon on the back of a demand for an outstanding bill are expected to sell for ￡ 350，000.a bathroom from his last home in Britain, was auctioned for ￡ 9，500. And in 2009, a British film describing his early years before the Beatles began, was one of the most successful films of the years in the UK.(共鸣) with the young people of today?e to show that Lennon has ________．
A．lasting appeal
B．a long history
C．exciting records
D．great success
37．Which of the following is right about the Beatles according to the passage?
A． It was founded in the 1960s in London.
B．It had 1.1 billion sales in Britain.
C．It was commercially successful.
D. Many of today's young people believe its ideals.
38．Lennon was forced to leave the US as a result of ________．
A．the tension between Britain and America
B．his wife's political activity
C．his struggle for women's rights
D．his opposition to the war in Vietnam
39．We can guess that the rest of the passage will tell us ________．
A．why Lennon and his music are still popular with today's young people
B．why Lennon and his music spoil today's generations of young people
C．that today's generations of young people don't like Lennon's songs
D．that today's generations of young people like Lennon's songs better
Ⅳ.[2012·福建卷] 短文填词___ _____ case you don't get it. You don't perform at the school concert 41.b________ others might laugh at you. A lack of confidence can 42. l________ to a lot of suffering. The key to 43. o________ this problem is to believe in yourself. This might be 44. ________(容易)said than done, but there are many ________ to help you do this. Talk about your problem with a friend or look 46. ________ advice on the Internet. Imagine yourself being 47. ________(成功)and practise breathing techniques to keep you calm when you get nervous. And the 48. ________ important thing is: believe you can do it.When you've 49. ________ (学会)to do that, you are well on your way.课时作业(三十一) have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.“做某事有困难”和access to sth.“(使用或见到……的)机会/权利”都是固定用法。 考查动词时态和语态。主语experiment与conduct构成动宾关系，谓语使用被动形式。before the Second World War是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。access 接触，使用。句意：罗斯是史密斯先生的秘书，所以她有权阅读他的商务邮件。power力量；account账号； way方法。 考查介词短语辨析。in other words换句话说。句意：体育将要成为高中毕业考试的一门课程，换句话说，要想高中毕业，你得身体强壮、健康。in need需要；in case以防；in no time立刻，马上。 考查副词词义辨析。fully完全地，全部地，充readily乐意地；actively积极地；attentively 注意地，留意地。 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在这个城市里住了好几年，约翰逊先生在当地人当中不再感到别扭了。out of place“不适宜；不得体”，作表语用，符合句意。out of order发生故障，出毛病；out of control失去控制；out of the question不可能。7．B 考查非谓语。此处是have trouble (in)doing sth结构。 be annoyed at…“对生气的，恼火的”。句意：他在办公室老是盯着我看，我对此很是生气。 考查动词辨析。句意：一些藻类已经适应在冰上生长。adopt 采用，收养；adapt 适应，改编； advocate提倡；addict使上瘾。由句意可知B项正确。 考查非谓语。句意：克莱尔认为被这样一个小男孩取笑是荒唐的。根据句意可知，应用被动语态；make fun of“取笑”，符合句意。故答案为A。 考查短语辨析。as good as意为“和……一样好，几乎等于”；as long as意为“和……一样长；只要”；as far as意为“远到”；as well as意为“除了”。句意：日本人民除了遭受核辐射的危险外，还有严重的食物、衣物、燃料等几乎所有物品的短缺问题。故D项 句意：女主人用从村庄买来的仅仅几样东西就做出了如此美妙的晚餐。这是一个强调句，强调的是only a few supplies，第一个that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词supplies。 考查比较句式。语意表示“我”的胃不如你的胃结实，题干中含有“not as/so＋形容词＋as”结构，表示“前者不如后者……”因此空缺处用as。可把题干还原为：Mine isn't as/so strong as yours. 考查非谓语动词。这里不定式短语在句中作目的状语，表示“为了验证这个理论”。 考查习惯用语。从双方的谈话中可知将要在周末进行比赛，因此应祝对方好运，故用Good luck！Congratulations用于向对方表示祝贺；Cheer up“振奋点”，用于鼓励、安慰对方；Best wishes用于祝愿对方。由于竞争激烈，作者一开始对于儿子应聘一家公司的工作并未抱太大的希望。16．A 根据下文“which would later decide the one to be employed”可知，公司计划只雇用一个人。employ表示“雇用”；support表示“支持”；manage表示“管理，经营，能应付”；interview表示“面试，采访”。 根据上下文语境可知，参与应聘的有20人，从中只录取1人，interrupt表示“打断”；promise表示“答应，许诺”；remind表示“提醒，使想起”；follow表示“跟随，听懂”。“reminded”符合语境。 根据语境可知，此处指作者提醒儿子不要抱太大希望，以免没被雇用后会失望。在四个选项中，“expect”表示“期望，预期，预料”，符合语境。 句意：儿子笑着说：“只要我尽力就有希望。”四个选项均可引导状语从as if用来引导方式状语从句；as soon as引导时间状语从句；even if引导让步状语从句，as long as引导条件状语从句。根据语境可知，空格处表示的是一种条件。 根据下文“entered the final”可知，在20名应聘人当中，只有3人能够进入最后一轮。enter表示“进入”，故答案选A。 根据下文语境可知，儿子进入了最后一轮面试，由此推知，此处指一切似乎进展不错。go有“进行”之意B。 作者的儿子通过了第一轮面试，进入到最后一轮。根据语境可知，空格处应该使用“passed”。 句意：出乎意料，最后一轮面试出奇地简单，就是回家等待面试结果。四个选项均为形容词，challenging表示“具有挑战性的”；simple表示“简单的，简朴的”；perfect表示“完美的”；secret表示“秘密的”。B项符合语境。 根据语境可知result 意为“结果”，符合语境。B 根据下文“The three men received the same text…”可知，应选received。 句意：在我还没想出该说什么来安慰儿子时…… figure out表示“想出，理解”；take up表示“从事，拿起，占据”；set off表示“出发，动身”；work on表示“继续工作”。由此可知figured out”。 根据上文中的“a text”及“another”可知，空格处应该选“text”，表示又收到了一份通知。 ridiculously表示“荒唐地”；actually表示“实际上”；cleverly表示“伶俐地，聪明地”；sadly表示“伤心地”。根据语境可知，实际上，第一份通知也是面试测试的一部分，B项符合文意。 根据下文I asked my son…they replied.”可知，在参加最后一轮面试的三个人当中，只有作者儿子的答复令公司满意。reply表示“回答，答复”，符合文意。 根据下文“My son told me that one…silent，one said‘goodbye’and he said‘thank you’．”可知此处指作者问儿子他们是如何答复公司的，故答案选C。 keep silent为固定短语，意为“保持沉默”，符合语境。A 只有那时，作者才知道儿子的希望是以这种方式获得的。hope符合文意，并和上文“I try，there will be hope！”相呼应。 句意：不要忘记对即使是令你失望的那些人说声谢谢。cheat表示“欺骗，作弊”；hate表示“憎恨，不喜欢”；dislike表示“不喜欢”；disappoint表示“使失望”。由此可知，disappoint符合文意。 句意：说声谢谢能显示你对别人工作的尊重。pity表示“怜悯，同情”；doubt表示“怀疑”；respect表示“尊敬，尊重”；desire表示“愿望”。C项符合文意。 作者认为，尊重别人的工作就会在同等条件下比别人有更多的机会。chance意为“机会”，符合文意。甲壳虫乐队的灵魂人物之一约翰·列侬遭枪击身亡，但是他的辉煌成就不可否认，他的深远影响让人赞叹。 主旨大意题。虽然他被谋杀了，但是结合他生前的成就以及死后的影响可知他拥有持久的魅力。 细节理解题。根据第三段前半部分的内容可知甲壳虫乐队的商业运作极其成功。 细节理解题。根据第六段的内容可知他在美国之所以被尼克松总统驱逐，是因为他反对在越南的战争。 推理判断题。文章最后一段以问句的形式吸引读者注意，结合上文提到的他的成就以及影响不.40. in 41. because 42. lead 43. overcoming 44. easier 46. for 47. successful 48. most 49. learned/learnt
课后阅读-----Nothing to sell and nothing to buy 没有东西可卖也没有东西可买
It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material good in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.
Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences. He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?
据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西可以出售。
在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西，在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。他是故意在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些羡慕呢？
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