北京市2014高考英语一轮复习 练习手册（22）必修5 Unit 2 The United Kingdom（含解析）新人教版

　　北京市2014高考英语（新人教版）一轮复习练习手册（22）附详细解析

　　课时作业(二十二)　[必修5　Unit 2 The United Kingdom](限时：35分钟)（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。At that time, ____23____, she was not only the largest ship that had ___24____ been built, but was regarded as _____25_____, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.(轮船的密封舱) Even if two of these were flooded, she ____26____ still be able to float. The ____27____ sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy ____28____ of life.

　　Four days after setting out, _____29_____ the Titanic was sailing ____30____ the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly ___31____ by a lookout. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned ____32_____ to avoid a direct collision. The Titanic turned just in time, ____33____ missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from ___34___, and the captain went down to see what had happened. The noise had been so ____35____ that no one thought that the ship had been ____36____. Below, the captain ____37______ to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been __38_____! The order to ____39____ ship was given and hundreds of people jumped into the icy water. As there were not enough lifeboats for ____40____, 1,500 lives were lost.

　　原创，《新概念英语3 》Lesson 10 The Loss of the Titanic

　　21. A. carrying

　　B. taking

　　C. bringing

　　D. making

　　（原创，考查动词carry 作为“运送”的意思，区别carry 的同义词）

　　22.A. in

　　B. on

　　C. to

　　D. by

　　（原创，考查介词by 作为“依照，按照”）

　　23.A. but

　　B. because

　　C. therefore

　　D. however

　　（原创，考查连词however用法）

　　24.A. only

　　B. still

　　C. ever

　　D. even

　　（原创，考查副词ever用法，用在完成时态中）

　　25.A. uncomfortable

　　B. unbearable

　　C. unsinkable

　　D. unbelievable

　　（原创，考查形容词unsinkable 意思“不会沉没的”，根据下文可知）

　　26.A. will

　　B. would

　　C. should

　　D. could

　　（原创，考查情态动词would 用法）

　　27.A. tragic

　　B. fortunate

　　C. unsuccessful

　　D. amusing

　　（原创，考查形容词tragic意思，根据全篇故事可知）

　　28.A. harm

　　B loss

　　C. damage

　　D. suffering

　　（原创，考查名词loss 用法，“损失”）

　　29.A. when

　　B. while

　　C. until

　　D. though

　　（原创，考查连词while 用法）

　　30.A. along

　　B. over

　　C. on

　　D. across

　　（原创，考查介词across“横穿，穿过”用法）

　　31.A. spotted

　　B. recognized

　　C. exposed

　　D. uncovered

　　（原创，考查动词spot“发现”）

　　32.A. sharply

　　B. directly

　　C. deeply

　　D. hugely

　　（原创，考查副词sharply “迅速地，突然地”）

　　33.A. suddenly

　　B. narrowly

　　C. immediately

　　D. slightly

　　（原创，考查副词narrowly“勉强”）

　　34.A. above

　　B. under

　　C. beside

　　D. below

　　（原创，考查副词below，根据下文down 可知）

　　35.A. faint

　　B. small

　　C. slim

　　D. tiny

　　（原创，考查形容词faint“微弱的”，根据上文slight trembling sound 可知）

　　36.A. destroyed

　　B. ruined

　　C. damaged

　　D. hurt

　　（原创，考查动词damage “部分损坏”）

　　37.A. realized

　　B. achieved

　　C. confirmed

　　D. proved

　　（原创，考查动词realize“意识到”）

　　38.A. challenged

　　B. protected

　　C. removed

　　D. flooded

　　（原创，考查动词flood“进水”，根据上文可知，flood作为名词“洪水”学生较熟悉）

　　39.A. abandon

　　B. advance

　　C. absorb

　　D. absolute

　　（原创，考查动词abandon “遗弃”）

　　40.A. somebody

　　B. anybody

　　C. everybody

　　D. nobody

　　（原创，考查代词everybody, not everybody 部分否定）

　　完型填空：

　　21—25 ADDCC

　　26—30 BABBD

　　31—35 AABDA

　　36—40 CADAC

　　**********************************************************结束

　　Ⅰ.单项填空 she？She ________________ conclusion that the helicopter would take ________ place of a car some day.

　　A．/; /

　　B．a; the

　　C．a; /

　　D．/; the________ of getting up too late.

　　A．tradition

　　B．convenience

　　C．habit

　　D．leisure________ any important details while retelling the story.

　　A．bring out

　　B．let out

　　C．leave out

　　D．make out

　　5．Peter ________ under the pressure of his position and was unable to work for a year.

　　A．settled down

　　B．broke down

　　C．passed away

　　D．broke out

　　6．He received a set of china yesterday from his parents ________ sixty pieces.

　　A．consisted of

　　B．consisting of

　　C．consist of

　　D．to consist of

　　7．She's going to have problems finding a job ________ she has a doctor's degree.

　　A．if

　　B．even if

　　C．as

　　D．since

　　8．—I hear that you will be on travel again.

　　—Yeah.My boss ________ for me to discuss business details with someone from another company.

　　A．asked

　　B．arranged

　　C．sent

　　D．called

　　9．—When did you find your pocket ________？picked

　　D．picking，but I can't visit you tomorrow.________．

　　A．preference

　　B．pleasure

　　C．convenience

　　D．connection

　　11．Mrs.White said that she would treasure the most ________ time she had ever had.

　　A．positive

　　B．enjoyable

　　C．miserable

　　D．unbelievable

　　12．—How many people attended the exhibit?

　　—________ speaking，about 200.I didn't count.________ us with his stories，most of which happened in the war and were full of great adventures.________ the king's credit that he is against the establishment of a new political party.

　　A．on

　　B．to

　　C．in

　　D．for________ matters for him though everyone knew that he was blameless.

　　A．solve

　　B．clarify

　　C．handle

　　D．set about

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解according to the study of over 70，000 teens in 34 nations.

　　From Argentina to Zambia, Regina Guthold of the World Health Organization in Geneva and her colleagues found most children weren't getting enough exercise and that it made no difference if they lived in a rich or a poor country.“With regards to physical activities levels, we did not find much of a difference between poor and rich countries，” Guthold said.“Growing up in a poor country does not necessarily mean that kids get more physical activities.”The study was published in The Journal of Pediatrics, looking at 72，845 schoolchildren aged 13 to 15 from North and South America, Asia, Europe，and the Middle East. The children were surveyed between 2003 and 2007.ercise outside of gym class at least five days a week. Children who spent three or more hours a day watching TV，playing computer games, or chatting with friends—aside from time in school or time spent doing homework—were classified as sedentary.

　　The researchers found only one quarter of the boys and 15 percent of the girls were getting enough exercise by these definitions. A quarter of boys and nearly 30 percent of girls were sedentary and didn't get enough exercise with girls less active than boys in every country aside from Zambia.

　　Uruguay had the highest percentage of active boys, at 42 percent, while Zambia had the lowest, at 8 percent. Girls from India were the most active, with 37 percent meeting exercise recommendation, while girls from Egypt were the least active, with just 4 percent getting adequate exercise. Children in Myanmar were the least sedentary, with 13 percent of boys and 8 percent of girls classified as sedentary. The most sedentary nations were St. Lucia and the Cayman Islands, with 58 percent of boys and 64 percent of girls spending at least three hours a day in sedentary activities.

　　People show deep concern for kids' lack of physical activity in various nations. Why do they have a low level of physical activity? Guthold speculated(推测)that urbanization(都市化) could be a factor as well as access to cars and TVs.you________．work

　　B．have at least an hour of exercise outdoors every day

　　C．like watching TV and playing computer games

　　D．spend a lot of time sitting down and not moving

　　17．Which statement is TRUE about the finding of the study, led by Regina Guthold?

　　A．Most children around the world don't meet the exercise recommendation.

　　B．Girls in every country are no more active than boys.

　　C．Children in rich countries relatively get less physical activities.

　　D．Only 4 percent of the girls from Egypt are not active in exercise.

　　18．Which could be the best title of the passage?

　　A．American children are addicted to TVs and computers

　　B．Nearly one third of children globally are couch potatoes

　　C．Effects of physical activities on health

　　D．Unimaginable standard of physical health

　　19．What would the writer be most likely to discuss in detail in the following paragraphs?

　　A．The suitable amount of physical activities for students.

　　B．Some of the factors for the popularity of cars and TVs among the kids.

　　C．The reasons behind the lack of physical activities.

　　D．The ways to make the most of physical activities.

　　B

　　Our lives were supposed to be more flexible and family璮riendly thanks to the technology at our fingertips. But in this age of BlackBerrys,

　　recession pressures, working at home after hours and on weekends, family time may not be working out the way we thought.

　　Busy parents who expected more time with the kids are finding that more work hours at home don't necessarily translate into quality time with them.

　　A new generation of parents need to discover the meaning of “quality time”， researchers say. “Personally, just given the life I lead, I think there is something to this idea of quality time—spending productive time with children vs. just being around，” says Peter Brandon, a professor at Carleton College. He says engaging or interacting with a child in activities such as reading or playing counts as quality time rather than “passive monitoring”， such as washing the dishes while the child is watching TV.This_time_with_children_pays_off，” Brandon says. He notes that good parent­child relationships result in children being happier and more successful, including at school.new research on work and family schedules to be presented Friday at the meeting in Dallas includes a study that shows parents' availability is on the decline because more parents are in the workforce. Although parents today may be spending more time on child care, they are less available overall.

　　Working parents who spend less time with their children should try to make sure the time they do spend is communicating with them, vs. doing the dishes or spending more time on themselves, Brandon says “The trade­off is not necessarily taking away time from your kid，” he says, “You're taking ________．

　　A．technology lets parents work at home

　　B．parents are satisfied with their work

　　C．technology makes our lives much easier

　　D．the family time is not always satisfying

　　21．We can learn from the third paragraph that ________．

　　A．some families are not experiencing quality time

　　B．it's enough for parents to stay with their children

　　C．parents enjoy engaging in work­at­home activities

　　D．working hours at home can transform into quality time

　　22．According to Brandon, the quality time means ________．

　　A．just being around with children

　　B．work time is separate from family time

　　C．spending interactive time with children

　　D．letting the children do whatever they want to do

　　23．The underlined sentence “This time with children pays off” means________．

　　A．the time with children is of little value

　　B．the time with children costs quite a lot

　　C．the time with children leads to good result

　　D．the time with children has a bad effect on them

　　24．What will the author most probably talk about in the next part of the passage?

　　A．How to spend more time at home.

　　B．How to do the dishes in a proper way.

　　C．How to spend more time in working at home.

　　D．How to take away time in a much proper way.

　　Ⅲ.短文填词 Park. 25.________ the afternoon of last Sunday, my friend and I were taking a walk along a river in the City Park 26.________ suddenly we heard a boy 27.________ (喊) for help in the river. We jumped into the river and 28.p________ the boy out. Then we made him 29.b________ using the mouth­to­mouth way. After the boy came to 30.________， we sent him to hospital at once and .t________ his parents. The boy was saved. His parents were very 32._ _______ (感激) to us and the doctors thought ________ of our first aid. We realized that knowing first aid is helpful and important because it can help you to save 34.l________.

　　参考答案

　　课时作业(二十二)　考查情态动词。不到两年就学会了日语，那“一定(must)”很有语言天赋。　考查冠词。come to a conclusion得出结论；take the place of代替。　考查名词。句意：我正试图改掉起床太晚的习惯。habit：a thing that you do often and almost without thinking，especially sth.that is hard to stop doing 习惯。　考查动词短语辨析。leave out“漏掉”；bring out“使显示；出版；生产；说出”；let out“放掉，泄露；放大；出租”；make out“书写，声称；理解；辨认出”。由句意可C。　考查动词短语辨析。句意：Peter不堪工作之负病倒了，一年不能上班。break down在此意为“身体出毛病”。settle down定居，平静下来；pass away去世；break out突发，爆发。　考查动词短语用法。句意：他昨天从他父母那里收到六十件一套的瓷器。a set of china与consist of之间为逻辑上的主动关系，所以要用动词­ing形式作定语，相当于定语从句which consists of。B　考查连词。句意：即使她有博士学位，找工作也将遇到一些困难。even if即使，在此引导让步状语从句。　考查动词辨析。arrange for sb.to do sth是固定用法，表示“安排某人做某事”。其他三项均无此用法。　问句句意：你什么时候发现你的口袋被掏了？本题考查过去分词作宾补。　考查名词辨析。答convenience方便，便利。preference偏爱；pleasure快乐，高兴；connection连接。　考查形容词辨析。由宾语从句中的she would treasure可知，是一段“令人愉快的(enjoyable)”时光。　考查副词辨析。roughly speaking粗略地说。strictly speaking严格地说；generally speaking通常honestly speaking老实说。由I didn't count.可知应选B项。　考查动词辨析。根据happened in the war and were full of great adventures可知旅行者的经历使我们惊骇(thrilled)不已，故选A项。　考查介词。to one's credit为固定短语，意思是“值得赞扬”，故选B项。　考查动词(词组)辨析。solve，handle和set about都是“解决”之意，而clarify意思是“澄清；阐明”。句意：没有人想为他澄清事情的真相，虽然每个人都知道他是无过错的。一项面向34个国家7万多名青少年开展的调查显示，全球近三分之一的儿童每天看电视或玩电脑的时间达到三个小时甚至更多。　推理判断题。第三段提到：除了在学校或做作业的时间外，每天看电视、玩电脑游戏或上网聊天的时间超过sedentary”，你就是大部分时间坐着不动的人。　推理判断题。根据第二段内容“多数儿童都缺乏锻炼，而且这和他们生活在富国和穷国没有多大关系”及该段提及的调查的范围可推知A项“全球大多数儿童没有达到建议活动量”是正确的。B项可根据第四段末尾排除；C项可根据第二段前三句排除；D项可根据第五段第二句的后半句排除。　主旨大意题。第一段是全文的中心，根据34个国家7万多名青少年开展的调查显示，爱坐在电视机前的并非只有美国儿童，全球近三分之一的儿童每天看电视或玩电脑的时间达到三个小时甚至更多”，由此可知B项正确。　篇章结构题。最后一段提到：人们对各国儿童缺乏身体锻炼表示极大的关注，Guthold分析，除汽车和电视的普及外，都市化也是造成儿童缺乏身体锻炼的一个因素。由此推断接下来作者很可能会详细地讨论儿童缺乏身体锻炼背后的原因。文章讲述了什么才是20．D　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，大多数人用在家庭生活的时间有时候不尽如人意。　推理判断题。根据第三段可知有的人没有理解quality time的意义，以为跟孩子在一起看管孩子就可以了。　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，和孩子度过有质量的家庭时间要采取积极的互动方式。　词pay off 意为“会有回报的”，此处指的是会带来好的结果。根据后面的“He notes that good parent­child relationships result in children being happier and more successful, including at school.”可知C项正确。　推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“You're taking away time from other things.”可知take away time from other things的内容。 　26.when　27.calling　28.pulled　29.breathe　31.telephoned　32.grateful(thankful)　34.lives

　　课后阅读---------Too high a price? 代价太高？

　　Pollution is the price we pay for an overpopulated, over industrialized planet. When you come to think about it, there are only four ways you can deal with rubbish: dump it, burn it, turn it into something you can use again, attempt to produce less of it. We keep trying all four methods, but he sheer volume of rubbish we produce worldwide threatens to overwhelm us.

　　Rubbish, however, is only part of the problem of polluting our planet. The need to produce ever-increasing quantities of cheap food leads to a different kind of pollution. Industrialized farming methods produce cheap meat products: beef, pork and chicken. The use of pesticides and fertilizers produces cheap grain and vegetables. The price we pay for cheap food may be already too high: Mad Cow Disease (BSE) in cattle, salmonella in chicken and eggs, and wisteria in dairy products. And if you think you'll abandon meat and become a vegetarian, you have the choice of very expensive organically-grown vegetables or a steady diet of pesticides every time you think you're eating fresh salads and vegetables, or just having an innocent glass of water!

　　However, there is an even more insidious kind of pollution that particularly affects urban areas and invades our daily lives, and that is noise. Burglar alarms going off at any time of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by and actually assist burglars to burgle. Car alarms constantly scream at us in the street and are a source of profound irritation. A recent survey of the effects of noise revealed (surprisingly?) that dogs barking incessantly in the night rated the highest form of noise pollution on a scale ranging from 1 to 7. The survey revealed a large number of sources of noise that we really dislike. Lawn mowers whining on a summer's day, late-night parties in apartment blocks, noisy neighbors, vehicles of al kinds, especially large container trucks thundering through quiet village, planes and helicopters flying overhead, large radios carried round in public places and played at maximum volume. New technology has also made its own contribution to noise. A lot of people object to mobile phones, especially when they are used in public places like restaurants or on public transport. Loud conversations on mobile phones invade our thoughts or interrupt the pleasure of meeting friends for a quiet chat. The noise pollution survey revealed a rather spurring and possibly amusing old fashioned source of noise. It turned out to be snoring! Men were found to be the worst offenders. It was revealed that 20% of men in their mid-thirties snore. This figure rises to a staggering 60% of men in their sixties. Against these figures, it was found that only 5% of women snore regularly, while the rest are constantly woken or kept awake by their trumpeting partners. Whatever the source of noise, one thing is certain: silence, it seems, has become a golden memory.

　　污染就是我们为这个人口过密，过度工业化的星球所付出的代价。当我们开始考虑垃圾问题时，我们只有4种对付垃圾的方法：倾倒、焚烧、把垃圾变成再生材料或试图少产生一些垃圾。我们一直在试这4种方式，但是，我们在世界范围内仅产生的垃圾的量就有把我们覆盖的危险。

　　然而，垃圾只是我们这个星球的污染问题的一个方面。日益增长的对廉价食物的需求导致了另一种形式的污染。工业化的农作方式生产出廉价的肉类制品——牛肉、猪肉和鸡肉。使用杀虫剂和化肥生产出廉价的谷物和蔬菜。为了廉价食物我们付出代价已经太高了：牛肉中的疯牛病，鸡肉和鸡蛋中的沙门氏菌，奶制品中的利斯特杆菌。如果你想放弃肉类而变成一位素食者，那么你可以两者择一：或是选用价格昂贵、有机培植的蔬菜，或是当你认为在享用新鲜色拉和新鲜蔬菜或饮用一杯无害的水的时候，实际上每次都不断吃进杀虫剂。

　　但是，还有一种更加隐蔽有害的污染，它专门影响城镇地区，侵袭我们的日常生活，那就是噪音。防盗警报器在白天和黑夜的任何时候都会响起来，它的作用只是骚扰过路行人，而实际上却帮助窃贼入室行窃。在街上，汽车的防盗警报不断对我们吼叫，这是人们极度烦燥的一个原因，最近一个有关噪音的作用的调查（令人吃惊地）指出，夜间连续不断的狗叫声，在一个从1级至7级刻度表上应列为最严重的噪间污染。这个调查揭示了我们所不喜欢的大量的噪间的来源：夏天呜呜作响的割草机，公寓楼里深夜聚会的喧哗声，大声吵闹的邻居，各式各样的车辆，特别是穿越寂静的村庄的集装箱卡车，从头顶飞过的飞机和直升机，被带到公共场所、音量开到最大的大功率收音机。新技术也为噪音作了它的贡献。许多人都反对移动式电话，特别是在如饭店，公共交通车等公共场所使用移动电话。用移动电话大声交谈干扰我们的思路，破坏我们和朋友在一起轻声聊天所得到的乐趣。这个有关噪音的污染调查还揭示了一种出人意外而同时可能会引人意外而同时可能会引人发笑的老式噪音源。它竟然是鼾声。人类是这方面的罪魁祸首。调查指出，20%的35岁左右的男人打鼾；而到60岁这个年龄段，这个数字上升到令人惊愕的60%。与这些数字相比，只有5% 的女性经常打鼾；而其余则经常被与她们同睡、像吹号似地打着呼噜的男人吵醒或弄得睡不着。不管噪声来自何方，有一点是肯定的：看来寂静已变成一种珍贵的回忆。