重庆市2014高考英语阅读理解一轮（精品）训练题（15）附答案

　　重庆市2014高考英语阅读理解一轮（精品）训练题（15）附答案

　　阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably sing or whistle (吹口哨) when you are happy.

　　Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy. However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason. Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory.

　　Do you know what a “territory” is? A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims（声称）as its own. Only he and his family are welcome there. No other families of the same species (物种) are welcome. Your yard and house are your territory where only your family and friends are welcome. If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you, you might shout. Probably this would be enough to frighten him away.

　　If so, you have actually scared the stranger away without having to fight him. A bird does the same thing. But he expects no outsiders almost any time, especially at nesting（筑巢）season. So he is screaming all the time, whether he can see an outsider or not. This screaming is what we call a bird’s song, and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away.

　　Birds sing loudest in the spring when they are trying to attract a mate and warn others not to enter the territory of theirs.

　　You can see that birds have a language of their own. Most of it has to do with attracting mates and setting up territories.

　　56. Some scientists believe that most of the time birds’ singing is actually

　　.

　　A. an expression of happiness B. a way of warning

　　C. an expression of anger D. a way of greeting

　　57. What is a bird’s “territory”?

　　A. A place where families of other species are accepted.

　　B. A place where a bird may shout at the top of its voice.

　　C. An area for which birds fight against each other.

　　D. An area which a bird considers to be its own.

　　58. Why do birds keep on singing at nesting season?

　　A. Because they want to invite more friends.

　　B. Because their singing helps frighten outsiders away.

　　C. Because they want to find outsiders around.

　　D. Because their singing helps get rid of their fears.

　　59. How does the writer explain birds’ singing?

　　A. By comparing birds with human beings.

　　B. By reporting experiment results.

　　C. By describing birds’ daily life. D. By telling a bird’s story.

　　60. Where will you probably find the passage?

　　A. A textbook

　　B. A newspaper

　　C. A science report

　　D. A guidebook

　　******************************************************结束

　　(2011·江南十校二模，C)

　　Award­winning author Emma Donoghue's latest book, Room, is a unique and amazing story about a boy's experience living in a small，windowless room with his mother. The 11' x 11' space between the walls of the room is actually all the boy knows because he was born there and has never left. Room will horrify ，surprise, sadden ，and finally delight you. Attracted from the start, readers of all sorts won't want to put Room down.

　　◆First published in the U. S. in September 2010

　　◆Publisher: Little Brown

　　321 Pages

　　Literary master Ian McEwan returns with Solar, a novel about a Nobel prize­winning physicist. The physicist's personal life is in a mess as his fifth marriage breaks，but this time he actually loves his wife and wants to make things better. Solar is a funny story, completely unusual and as good as anything the writer has ever written.

　　◆Published in March 2010

　　◆Publisher: Knopf Doubleday

　　◆304 Pages

　　One Day by David Nicholls was an international bestseller before it was released in the U. S. in June. Although it is well written and funny at times, don't be fooled—this isn't a good­feeling romantic comedy. If you decide to read it, be prepared for some heavy moments.

　　◆Published in the U．S. in June 2010

　　◆Publisher: Vintage Contemporaries

　　◆437 Pages

　　Fall of Giants by Ken Follett is the first book in a new trilogy(three books)that will take readers through the major events of the twentieth century by following five families. In Fall of Giants, most of the action centers on World War I and the Bolshevik Revolution. Although Fall of Giants is more than 1,000 pages and has many characters，the story is remarkably connected.

　　◆Published in September 2010

　　◆Publisher: Dutton◆1,008 Pages

　　本文向读者介绍了2010年新出版的四本书。

　　13．According to the text，the latest and longest novel is________.

　　A. Room

　　B. Solar

　　C. One Day

　　D. Fall of Giants

　　答案：D。事实细节题。由四本书的出版时间和页数可知答案为Fall of Ciants。

　　14．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?

　　A. Ian McEwan once won the Nobel Prize.

　　B. Fall of Giants is mostly set in wars.

　　C. One day is written by David Nicholls.

　　D. Solar is a funny story about a physicist.

　　答案：A。事实细节题。由对Solar一书的介绍中可知获得诺贝尔奖的是小说的主人公而不是作者本人。

　　15．We can know from the text that ________.

　　A. the main character of Room has a wide range of knowledge

　　B. Solar is the only book that Ian McEwan has ever written

　　C. all the four books were not published in the same month

　　D. One Day is a funny romantic comedy that sells very well

　　答案：C。事实细节题。由四本书的出版时间，可知C项正确。

　　16．We can infer from the passage that ________.

　　A. the sixth of Ian McEwan's marriages broke

　　B. Room by Emma Donoghue has a happy ending

　　C. the publisher of One Day is Little Brown

　　D. Dutton and Ken Follett are both publishers

　　答案：B。推理判断题。由第1则信息中的Room will horrify, surprise, sadden, and finally delight you.可推知答案为B。易错选A。A项中Ian McEwan应为小说的主人公“The physicist”才对；由第三则介绍可知One Day的出版者是Vintage Contemporaries而不是Little Brown；由第四则介绍可知Dutton是发行人，但从第四则介绍可知Ken Follett是Fall of Giants一书的作者而不是发行人。考生解题时要注意题干的要求，从题干中的infer可知本题是推理判断题，首先就把属于事实细节的C、D排除。

　　(2011·宁德质检，C )As the world prepares to mark the 100th anniversary of International Women's Day on March 8, a new report details the progress and challenges girls face in getting an education.

　　The report—from the Education for All Fast Track Initiative—highlights the importance of girls' education for economic(经济的) and social development. It follows progress in Ethiopia, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Guinea, Mauritania, Mozambique and Niger.

　　Prema Clarke, author of Fast­tracking Girls' Education, says, “Progress for girls' education is that they can leave their homes, leave their families and come to a place to study and to learn.

　　And that's a big achievement because otherwise these girls have to stay at home, looking after their brothers and sisters, doing the cooking or doing the cleaning.”

　　She says progress toward the Millennium Development Goals and those of Education for All “is allowing and enabling girls and forcing countries to look at this issue(问题) and to ensure that interventions (干预) help girls attend school.”

　　Benefits

　　Improving education for girls brings many benefits, says Clarke. “It means that girls can then enter the workforce. They can look after their own families much more effectively. They can prevent child death rate. They can educate their own girl children when they begin to expand their own families.” Studies show that having an educated female population helps to improve a country's health and economic well­being.

　　Warnings

　　The report says, “In developing countries, too many girls are not in school, and many girls face continuing health risks and danger just walking to class.”

　　“Especially in the fragile and post­conflict countries and in many of the African countries, this is a real issue，” she says. Till now, the interventions have been so focused on providing schooling and providing teachers, etc. And now I think there is much more expanded focus on looking at specific(特定的)communities of girls within at­risk groups that now need much more specific attention and much more creative solutions(解决方法) to help them attend school.

　　在迎接第一百个国际妇女节的时候，一份报告揭示了女性教育的重要性和女性教育的进步与面临的问题。

　　9. The underlined word “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.

　　A. shows

　　B. stresses

　　C. remarks

　　D. improves

　　答案：B。猜测词义题。所在句句意：这份报告强调了女性教育对经济和社会发展的重要性。所以是“强调”的意思。

　　10. According to Clarke, improving education can provide girls with all the opportunities EXCEPT ________.

　　A. to educate their own girl children B. to prevent child death rate

　　C. to enter the workforce

　　D. to study abroad

　　答案：D。细节理解题。由Benefits下一段可知，无D项内容。

　　11. This passage is intended to________.

　　A. promote the progress in girls' education

　　B. talk about the benefits of improving girls' education

　　C. give some information about the education girls are facing

　　D. sing high praise for the girls' education

　　答案：A。推理判断题。由第一段“...a new report details the progress and challenges girls face in getting an education.”可知，该文的目的是呼吁改进对女孩的教育。

　　12. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

　　A. the girls' educational situation in developing countries is still serious

　　B. girls were free to go wherever they wanted to in the past

　　C. there are enough teachers in most of the African countries

　　D. International Women's Day was first celebrated on March 8 in 1900

　　答案：A。推理判断题。由倒数第二段可推知，在发展中国家，女孩的教育问题非常严重。其它选项都不对。

　　(2011·成都三诊，E)

　　Every social experience that we have affects us in at least some small ways. In modern industrial and post industrial societies, however, there are four familiar influences that have special significance in the socialization process. They are the family, schooling, peer groups and the mass media.

　　The family is the most important agent of socialization because it represents the center of children's lives. Babies are almost totally dependent on others, and the responsibilities of meeting their needs almost always fall on parents and other family members. At least until the start of schooling, the family is responsible for teaching children cultural values and attitudes towards themselves and others.

　　Family based socialization is not entirely intentional. Children learn continuously from the kind of environment that adults create for them. Whether children learn to think of themselves as strong or weak, smart or stupid, loved or simply tolerated, is largely determined by this early environment that adults create.

　　Parenting_styles_aside,_and_parental_attention_is_important in children's social development. Physical contact，verbal stimulation，and openness from parents and others all encourage children's intellectual(智力的) growth.

　　The family also places children in a specific social position, that is, parents not only bring children into the physical world, they also place their children in society in terms of race, religion, and class. In time ，all of these things become part of a child's self concept, or idea of himself or herself. Of course, some aspects of social position may change later on, but social standing at birth affects us throughout our lives. In many ways, then, parents teach their children to follow in their footsteps.

　　本文主要谈论了家庭对孩子成长的影响。家庭环境、社会地位、种族、宗教尤其是所出生家庭的社会地位对孩子的文化价值观、对自身和他人的态度会产生终生的影响。

　　17．Which of the following statements about family socialization is TRUE?

　　A. All family based socialization is a carefully planned process.

　　B. One's socialization process completely depends on one's family.

　　C. The family plays the most important role in one's socialization.

　　D. The family should be responsible for their children all their lifetime.

　　答案：C。事实细节题。由第2段首句可知答案。由文中相关内容可知A项中的carefully planned错误；B项中的completely错误；D项中的all their lifetime错误。

　　18．The underlined part in the 4th paragraph means that ________.

　　A. parental attention rather than parenting styles is important

　　B. parenting styles are less important than parental attention

　　C. parental attention is less important than parenting styles

　　D. parental attention as well as parenting styles is important

　　答案：D。句意理解题。第4段首句画线部分中的aside在此意为“除了……外还……”，相当于并列连词and或as well as。

　　19．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

　　A. Parents' footsteps decide their children's future life.

　　B. The family has a lot to do with one's social position.

　　C. One's social position can't be changed at all later on.

　　D. Social position at birth won't affect us throughout our lives.

　　答案：B。推理判断题。本段主要讲了家庭对孩子的影响。

　　20．Which of the following could be the best title of the passage?

　　A. All Steps of Children's Socialization

　　B. Four Agents of Children's Socialization

　　C. Family the Most Important Socialization Agent

　　D. Family Major Influence on Intellectual Growth

　　答案：C。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述对该子社会化进程产生影响的四大因素中的“家庭的影响”，由此可见作者认为它应该是最重要的。