重庆市2014高考英语阅读理解一轮（精品）训练题（8）附答案

　　重庆市2014高考英语阅读理解一轮（精品）训练题（8）附答案

　　People seem to always love themselves. When put to a test, we are willing to go an extra mile for our friends.

　　In an experiment,people were asked to squat (深蹲) against a wall, which became increasingly painful with time. They were told to keep squatting for as long as they could, and paid 1 dollar for every second. People performed the exercise five times, once for themselves and four times for their friends or partners.

　　The result paints a more selfless picture of society than we might expect these days. Of the 17 people,,ten squatted longer for their friends or partners. Some people squatted twice as long for their closest friends as for themselves.

　　Dr Freya Harrison said,

　　"I think that if our results stand in general and people really do go the extra mile for close friends, it points to the importance of cooperation in our species. It suggests that keeping social relationships and ' working together have been important roles in the success of humans as a species."

　　A study found people were unwilling to squat any longer for their brothers or sisters than for themselves. "Maybe that's because friends are a lot more important in deciding social benefits than brothers and sisters，" Dr Harrison said. Perhaps we can depend on help from parents or brothers and sisters because people almost have no reason for helping someone who has the same genes (基因) as them.

　　It could be that the role of a brother or a sister doesn't need working on, because family members have genes in common already.

　　66. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A. It isn't hard for people to squat for a long time:

　　B. People don' t like to take part in this kind of experiment.

　　C. The result of the experiment is better than expected.

　　D. In order to get money, people squat as long as possible for themselves.

　　67. From the experiment, We can know

　　A. the importance of working together

　　B. people are unwilling to help strangers

　　C. friends can become a great help to us in the future

　　D. people are willing to do more for friends than for themselves

　　68. What works as a key role in the success of humans as a species?

　　A. Developing personal skill and technology.

　　B. Keeping social relationships and cooperation.

　　C. Getting enough daily goods and supplies.

　　D. Having a happy family as well as a career.

　　69. In Harrison’s opinion,

　　A.friends can influence our social benefits much more

　　B. friends are true friends for ever

　　C. family members offer more to us than friends

　　D. people are selfish

　　70. What is the best tittle for the passage?

　　A. Why we should make friends

　　B. Family is important to people

　　C. Friends are more important than family

　　D. Why we’ll go an extra mile for our friends

　　**************************************************************结束

　　(2011·沈阳二模，B)

　　New media has been growing fast and influencing people's lives in ways few things have done before. In 2010, China's new media industry witnessed explosive development. But with “new” comes uncertainties and challenges. The following are brief reviews on the development of China's new media and outlooks on its future.

　　Micro­blogging(微博)

　　Short and convenient, micro­blogs also experienced “a_big_bang” in China last year, with the number of micro­bloggers at China's popular portal(门户网站)sina. com. cn almost doubling in less than six months. Afterwards，the other three major web portals，including sohu. com，qq. com and 163. com, each set up their own micro­blogging services. With more government officials and entities(实体) registering, China's micro­blogging services are expected to play a more important role in connecting the public and the governments in 2011.

　　Search Engines

　　Baidu's position in the search engine market would face fierce challenges from sohu. com, Microsoft's Bing and goso. cn from the People's Daily. Xinhua is also preparing to start its search engine together with China Mobile, a leading company in mobile networks. Goso

　　and Xinhua both have the advantage of providing content, while Bing has a big edge in technology and funds. They are expected to pose threats(威胁) to Baidu in 2011.

　　Internet of Things

　　IoT refers to a network of real­world objects linked by the Internet and interacting through on­line services. China set up its first IoT research center in Shanghai in March 2010. Within the same week, Premier Wen Jiabao stated in the annual government report that it would “accelerate the research and development, as well as application of the Internet of Things”．

　　However，some experts say China's IoT is still in an early stage，and it'll take a long time for it to let the public enjoy its full functions.

　　新的媒体正在迅速发展并以前所未有的方式影响人们的生活。

　　4．What is the text mainly about?

　　A. Some major media in China.

　　B. China's new media and its future.

　　C. The development of China's on­line services.

　　D. China's early­stage IoT and its major functions.

　　答案：B。主旨大意题。由首段首句“New media has been growing fast and influencing people's lives in ways few things have done before.”和尾句“The following are brief reviews on the development of China's new media and outlooks on its future.”可知B项正确。

　　5．How many web portals are mentioned in Paragraph 2?

　　A. Two.

　　B. Three.

　　C. Four.

　　D. Five.

　　答案：C。事实细节题。由第2段内容可知，段中提到sina. com. cn, sohu. com, qq. com and 163. com四大网络门户。

　　6．Which of the following will be Xinhua' s partner to start a search engine?

　　A. Baidu.

　　B. Sohu. com.

　　C. Goso. cn.

　　D. China Mobile.

　　答案：D。事实细节题。由第3段中的“Xinhua is also preparing to start its search engine together with China Mobile”可知答案。

　　7．What does the underlined part “a big bang” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

　　A. A deafening sound.

　　B. An explosive development.

　　C. A terrible damage.

　　D. A demanding challenge.

　　答案：B。词义猜测题。由画线短语所在句子结合首段第1、2句可知B项正确。

　　A characteristic(特色) of American culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the self-made man — the man who has risen to the top through his own efforts, usually beginning by working with his hands. While the leader in business or industry or the college professor occupies a higher social position and commands greater respect in the community than the common laborer or even the skilled factory worker, he may take pains to point out that his father started life in America as a farmer or laborer of some sort.

　　This attitude toward manual labor(体力劳动) is now still seen in many aspects of American life. One is invited to dinner at a home that is not only comfortably but even luxuriously furnished and in which there is every evidence of the fact that the family has been able to afford foreign travel, expensive hobbies, and college education for the children; yet the hostess probably will cook the dinner herself, will serve it herself and will wash dishes afterward. Furthermore the dinner will not consist merely of something quickly and easily assembled from contents of various cans and a cake or a pie bought at the nearby bakery. On the contrary, the hostess usually takes pride in careful preparation of special dishes. A professional man may talk about washing the car, digging in his flowerbeds, painting the house. His wife may even help with these things, just as he often helps her with the dishwashing. The son who is away at college may wait on table and wash dishes for his living, or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education.

　　61. From paragraph 1, we can know that in America ________.

　　A. people tend to have a high opinion of the self-made man

　　B. people can always rise to the top through their won efforts

　　C. college professors win great respect from common workers

　　D. people feel painful to mention their fathers as labors

　　62. According to the passage, the hostess cooks dinner herself mainly because ________.

　　A. servants in American are hard to get

　　B. she takes pride in what she can do herself

　　C. she can hardly afford servants

　　D. It is easy to prepare a meal with canned food

　　63. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A. Americans respect people who have made their achievements by working hard.

　　B. Americans look down upon manual labor.

　　C. American parents enjoy doing everything for their children.

　　D. American families like to prepare their food quickly and easily.

　　64. The expression “wait on table” in the second paragraph means “________”.

　　A. work in a furniture shop

　　B. keep accounts for a bar

　　C. wait to lay the table

　　D. serve customers in a restaurant

　　65. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?

　　A. A Respectable Self-made Family

　　B. American Attitude toward Manual Labor

　　C. Characteristics of American Culture

　　D. The Development of Manual Labor

　　参考答案--------61—65 ABADB

　　*****************************************************结束

　　A

　　(2011·西城二模，A)

　　On Christmas morning, I went to the Cockhedge Mall. People there were all busy buying their last minute requirements. I needed to buy a birthday card for my son­in­law whose birthday is the 29th of December. Picking up a few more things as well as my cared I went to join the line for the express checkout which was for people who only had a few items in a basket and not a trolley load. This line was next to the Customer Service Desk.

　　Seemingly waiting quite a long time，I was jogged out of my thoughts by a voice behind me making comments on the things I bought.

　　It was so funny when I realized that she was describing the contents of my basket. The owner of the voice was a very pretty young lady. I said to her that I was going to buy a box of Christmas cookies but the only ones left were not to my liking. The lady told me that just opposite Cockhedge in Superdrug they had lots of cookies. I said, I'm not going to bother now. I had enough of shops and I'm going home.

　　The assistant from the Customer Service came across at this time, saying, “If there is anyone in the line with a few items in their basket, none of which needed to be weighed, I will check out their groceries at the desk.” Because I had the sprouts which needed to be weighted, the young lady accepted the offer and walked away waving goodbye.

　　Eventually my turn came at the checkout. I was walking away when I met my new friend once again who handed me a beautiful box of Christmas cookies. With a big hug she said “Hope you have a lovely Christmas.” She had been into Superdrug to buy me the cookies while I was still queuing in Cockhedge.

　　What a generosity to a stranger! I was so surprised you could have knocked me down with a feather. My Good Samaritan would never know what a joyful Christmas day I had with my family. Telling them this story, as we ate around the table, kept everyone spellbound.

　　圣诞购物时，一位陌生的女士在排队交款时的闲聊中知道“我”想买圣诞甜饼而这家店里没有，她为“我”推荐了一家商店，见“我”没有时间去买，就主动买来给“我”。小小的慷慨之举温暖人心，令人感到快乐。

　　1．The underlined word “spellbound” in the last paragraph probably means________.

　　A. interested

　　B. disappointed

　　C. astonished

　　D. frightened

　　答案：A。词义猜测题。由尾段内容可知，在就餐时“我”给家人说起这件事时，他们都很感兴趣。故选A。2．Which of the following could be the best title of the story?

　　A. A Piece of Lucky Feather B. A Surprise Christmas Gift

　　C. The Boring Shopping Experience

　　D. The Unforgettable Big Hug

　　答案：B。主旨大意题。由本文尤其是尾段描述可知B项作为标题最能体现文章主旨。

　　3．How does the writer feel about the pretty young lady?

　　A. Worried.

　　B. Satisfied.

　　C. Grateful.

　　D. Proud.

　　答案：C。由尾段前两句尤其是第一句“What a generosity to a stranger！”可知作者对那位女士是心怀感激的(grateful)。

　　4．What can we learn from the story?

　　A. Nobody is sure what will happen the next moment.

　　B. A simple action can bring other people happiness.

　　C. Being patient will decrease the waiting time.

　　D. Life without hope and faith is a full thing.

　　答案：B。推理判断题。本题实际考查文章主旨：小小的慷慨之举温暖人心，令人感到快乐。故选B。

　　(2011·济南4月模拟，C)

　　Just 25 years ago, the top three career hopes for young people in Britain were teacher, banker and doctor. Now，they want to be sports star, pop star and actor，according to a survey by the Guardian newspaper.

　　Rachel, a character in the popular TV show Glee, may be said to speak for British teenagers. “Nowadays being nobody is worse than being poor，”he said.

　　Emma Brockes, a reporter with the Guardian, believes it is “the bad influence of celebrity(名人)culture” that is to blame.“When children Wanted to be doctor, it wasn't because they were really more interested in the functions of human organs than they are now，they go where the respect is.” she wrote.

　　It could explain why there has been such an increase in levels of anxiety and depression. Dr Carlo Strenger of Tel Aviv University, studied the sense of self for his new book The Fear of Insignificance：Searching for Meaning in the 21st Century. He told the Daily Mail that young people now are “affected by the close connection to the global entertainment network, which has turned ranking and rating people according to wealth and celebrity into an obsession (痴迷) ”．

　　“As humans，we naturally measure ourselves to those around us, but now we live in a global village. We are comparing ourselves with the most ‘important’ people in the world and finding ourselves wanting，” he said. Today, even high achievers constantly fear that they are insignificant when they compare themselves to success stories in the media.

　　The way out? Simply stop measuring your achievement through a fantasy of wealth and celebrity. Dr Carlo Strenger said that it was a process called “active self­acceptance through a constant search for self­knowledge through life”.

　　“The fear of insignificance can only be overcome through strong individual and cultural identity over and above measurable achievement，” he said.

　　随着时代的发展，人们的追求在不断变化，在全球网络影响与日俱增的时代，成为名人成了人们追逐的目标。

　　8．Nowadays，young people in Britain want to ________.

　　A. choose jobs based on interests B. become famous

　　C. be teacher，banker and doctorD. earn more money

　　答案：B。推理判断题。由第2段第2句“Nowadays being nobody is worse than being poor”结合首段尾句和第3段首句可推知当今英国的年轻人想成为名人。故选B。

　　9．According to Emma Brockes，what causes the increasing level of anxiety?

　　A. Choices of future careers.B. Access to the global network.

　　C. Bad influences of celebrities.

　　D. Endless comparison with others.

　　答案：C。事实理解题。由第3段“...it is ‘the bad influence of celebrity culture’ that is to blame.”可知答案为C。

　　10．Which of the following is TRUE of Dr Carlo Strenger?

　　A. He is a newspaper reporter.

　　B. He is the spokesman of teenagers.

　　C. He tells success stories on TV.

　　D. He is against ranking people with wealth.

　　答案：D。事实细节题。由第4段尾句可知D项正确。

　　11．Dr Carlo Strenger suggests that young people should ________.

　　A. seek active self­acceptance

　　B. stick to their own dreams

　　C. make great achievements

　　D. search for the secret of wealth

　　答案：A。事实细节题。由倒数第2段尾句“Dr Carlo Strenger said that it is a process called‘active self­acceptance through a constant search for self­knowledge through life.’”可知选A。

　　12．The text is mainly written to________.

　　A. talk about job choices

　　B. analyse a social phenomenon

　　C. encourage celebrity culture

　　D. introduce three famous people

　　答案：B。推理判断题。通读文章可推知作者意在分析一种追求成名的社会现象。