重庆市2014高考英语阅读理解一轮（精品）训练题（2）附答案

　　重庆市2014高考英语阅读理解一轮（精品）训练题（2）附答案

　　Recently, a professor of philosophy in the United States has written a book called Money and the Meaning of Life. He has discovered that how we deal with money in our day-to-day life has more meaning than we usually think. One of the exercises he asked his students to do is to keep record of every penny they spend for a week. From the way they spend their money, they can see what they really value in life.

　　He says our relation with others often become clearly defined when money enters the picture. You might have wonderful friendship with somebody and you may think that you are very good friends. But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some money. If he does, it brings something to the relationship that seems stronger than ever before. Or it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesn’t. This person may say that he has a certain feeling, but if it is not carried out in the money world, there is something less real about it.

　　Since money is so important to us, we consider those who possess a lot of it to be very important. The author interviewed some millionaires in researching his book.

　　Question: What is the most surprising thing you have discovered about being rich, because you are a self-made man?

　　Answer: The most surprising thing is how people give me so much respect. I am nothing. I do not know much. All I am is rich.

　　People just have an idea of making more and more money, but what is it for? How much do I need for any given purposes in my life? In his book, the professor uncovered an important need in modern society: to bring back the idea that money is an instrument rather than the end. Money plays an important role in the material world, but expecting money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.

　　71. According to the first paragraph, people have not realized ____.

　　A. how important money is in their day-to-day life

　　B. how one spends money shows what is important to him

　　C. that money is more important than their philosophy of life

　　D. that their understanding of life is more important than money

　　72. The author seems to believe that asking your friend to lend you some money ____.

　　A. is a good way to test your friendship

　　B. will do harm to your friendship

　　C. will strengthen your friendship

　　D. is a good way to break off your friendship

　　73. What can we learn about the millionaire from his answer in the interview?

　　A. He does not feel that he is well educated.

　　B. He does not think that he is a very important person.

　　C. He doesn’t think that being rich is worth so much attention.

　　D. He doesn’t consider himself to be very successful.

　　74. What does the American professor of philosophy want to explain in his book?

　　A. Money is an end.

　　B. Money is a means.

　　C. Money is everything.

　　D. Money is unimportant.

　　75. Which of the following might the author disagree?

　　A. Money is important in modern society.

　　B. The meaning of life does not completely lie in money.

　　C. Wealth will surely bring the owner happiness.

　　D. Happiness is not necessarily the result of wealth.

　　******************************************************结束

　　(2011·东城练习二，D)

　　People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.

　　Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behavior. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”．

　　Those who support the“nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme，this theory states that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts(本能)．

　　Proponents of the“nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists' view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behavior.

　　Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far­reaching. In the US ，for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some“nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do.

　　Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.

　　人的个性和行为是天生具有的还是后天形成的？社会学家对此看法不一。

　　17．This passage is mainly concerned with ________.

　　A. relation between personality and behavior

　　B. relation between behavior and environment

　　C. different accounts of patterns of human behavior

　　D. different theories of the formation of human behavior

　　答案：D。主旨大意题。通读全文不难看出，本文主要讨论了人的个性是天生的还是受周围环境的影响而形成的，故选D。

　　18．The underlined word“proponents” in Paragraph 2 means ________.

　　A. creators

　　B. advisors

　　C. advocates

　　D. judges

　　答案：C。词义猜测题。本文主要叙述了两种理论拥护者之间的辩论，所以应选C(拥护者)。

　　19．In Paragraph 5, the author mainly writes about ________.

　　A. the considerable influence of the two theories

　　B. differences between the blackes and whites

　　C. racial discrimination in the United States

　　D. different responds to intelligence tests

　　答案：A。主旨大意题：第5段首先告诉我们，这两种理论在社会上和政治上都有深远的意义，接着用事例论证了这种理论，故答案为A。

　　20．What's the author's purpose in writing the passage?

　　A. To call our attention to the changes of human behavior.

　　B. To urge scientists to do more research in social science.

　　C. To give us a detailed explanation of human behavior.

　　D. To present an argument in the field of social science.

　　答案：D。推理判断题。本文主要叙述了社会学家对于人的个性和行为的形成的不同观点，以及他们精辟的剖析，故答案为D。

　　(2011·东北三省四市联考，B)

　　You're in a department store and you see a couple of attractive young women looking at a sweater. You listen to their conversation: “I can't believe it—Lorenzo Bertolla! They are almost impossible to find. Isn't it beautiful? And it's a lot cheaper than the one Sara bought in Rome.”

　　They leave and you go over to see this incredible sweater. It's nice and the price is right. You've never heard of Lorenzo Bertolla, but those girls looked really stylish. They must know. So，you buy it. You never realize that those young women are employees of an advertising agency. They are actually paid to go from store to store, talking loudly about Lorenzo Bertolla clothes.

　　Every day we notice what people are wearing, driving and eating. If the person looks cool, the product seems cool, too. This is the secret of undercover marketing. Companies from Ford to Nike are starting to use it.

　　Undercover marketing is important because it reaches people that don't pay attention to traditional advertising. This is particularly true of the MTV generation—consumers between the age of 18 and 34. It's a golden group. They have a lot of money to spend，but they don't trust ads.

　　So advertising agencies hire young actors to“perform” in bars and other places where young adults go. Some people might call this practice misleading, but marketing executive Jonathan Ressler calls it creative. “Look at traditional advertising. Its effectiveness is decreasing. ”It is true，because everyone knows an ad is trying to persuade you to buy something. However，you don't know when a conversation you overhear is just a performance.

　　本文是说明文。介绍了一种新的很有创意的开发市场的广告形式。

　　1．The two attractive young women were talking so as to ________.

　　A. get the sweater at a lower price B. be heard by people around

　　C. be admired by other shoppers

　　D. decide on buying the sweater

　　答案：B。事实细节题。由第二段可知，她们其实是商家请的广告职员，目的就是通过大声讨论商品吸引顾客对其商品的关注和兴趣，故选B。

　　2．Lorenzo Bertolla is ________.

　　A. a very popular male singer

　　B. an advertising agency

　　C. a clothing company in Rome

　　D. the brand name of clothes

　　答案：D。事实细节题。由第一段中的looking at a sweater和第二段最后的Lorenzo Bertolla clothes可知，这是一个服装品牌。

　　3．What can we infer from the passage?

　　A. Traditional advertising will soon disappear in the market.

　　B. The MTV generation tends to be more easily influenced by all kinds of ads.

　　C. That traditional advertising is too direct may lead to its decreasing effectiveness.

　　D. Undercover marketing will surely be banned soon by the government.

　　答案：C。推理判断题。由尾段中的“Look at traditional advertising.Its effectiveness is decreasing.”可知答案。A项说法无根据；根据第四段的一、二句可排除B项；D项说法在文中无事实依据，也过于武断，故被排除。

　　4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Two Attractive Shoppers

　　B. Lorenzo Bertolla Sweaters

　　C. Ways of Advertising

　　D. Undercover Marketing

　　答案：D。主旨大意题。总览文章可知，文章主要讲述了商家雇请广告员工来吸引顾客的新的广告模式——undercover marketing，即秘密营销。(2011·合肥第二次质检，E)

　　Fujitsu, a Japanese technology company, has created a system capable of simultaneously (同时地)charging multiple portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, digital cameras and laptop computers without the need for cable connections.

　　Electric car users may also eventually be able to charge their vehicles wirelessly using the same technology, said the company, which developed a sample system at Osaka Prefecture University. Claiming to be the world's first of its kind，the technology works on the basis of the transmission of electricity using magnetic fields between the charger and the electronic device.

　　The system enables wireless charging at distances of up to several meters. With the final aim of installing public “charging spots” on the streets in order to enable easy charging around the clock, scientists at Fujitsu Labs are planning to commercially sell products incorporating the new wireless charging system as early as 2012 but have not yet decided how much they would cost.

　　“This technology paves the way to integrating compact wireless charging functions into mobile phones and enabling multiple portable devices to be charged simultaneously without any restrictions on their position relating to the charger，” the company said in a statement.

　　Mobile phone users in Japan can currently charge their batteries using the disposable portable plug­in battery­operated device, available at most train stations and convenience stores. However, phone companies warn long time use of it can damage the phones.

　　The company added, “We are also looking at applying the results of this work to fields other than portable electronics, including power transmission between circuit boards (电路板) or computer chips, and providing mobile charging systems for electric cars.”

　　日本的一家公司发明了一种无线充电系统，利用该充电器和用电器之间的磁场充电。

　　12．This passage most probably taken from ________.

　　A. an instructive brochureB. readers' feedback

　　C. a news report D. a brief introduction

　　答案：C。推理判断题。从文章的内容可推断出这是一则资讯报道，报道了一项日本新的无线充电技术。另外此类题也可借助常识利用排除法解题。

　　13．Which of the following can best describe the striking feature of this system?

　　A. It enables wireless charging at distances of up to several miles.

　　B. It enables you to charge your device very easily beside the clock.

　　C. It is wireless and makes multiple charging at the same time.

　　D. It can be bought at any formal supermarkets in the city.

　　答案：C。事实细节题。由第二段首句中的关键词charge their vehicles wirelessly和倒数第三段中的wireless charging...可知C项正确。

　　14．The underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refers to________.

　　A. the device

　　B. the system

　　C. the phone

　　D. the battery

　　答案：A。词义猜测题。由倒数第二段可知，it指代的是它前面的the disposable portable plug­in battery­operated device，故选A。

　　15．The best title for the text would be ________.

　　A. Fujitsu, a famous Japanese company

　　B. Power transmission between circuit boards

　　C. New wireless charging system developed

　　D. Mobile phones damaged by charging

　　答案：C。主旨大意题。本文主题很明确，就是介绍日本新研发的一种无线充电系统。

　　(2011·合肥第三次质检，E)

　　Originally, making 3­D film was a way for filmmakers to draw viewers away from television. Over time,3­D film dipped in and out of the entertainment industry depending on the ups and downs of the market.

　　By the end of the twentieth century,3­D entertainment was most popular at amusement park attractions, including Disneyland and Universal Studios. Eventually, in 1995, digital film revolutionized the filmmaking industry when Disney Pixar's Toy Story (1995)brought life­like animation and computer graphics to the big screen. The movie's animation embodied the latest technology in computer animation until the release of Oscar­winning Up (2009), which featured pop­out 3­D effects.

　　Finally，in December 2009 ，Avatar changed the flourishing landscape of 3­D film. Avatar boasts exceptional special effects. Cameron began developing Avatar in 1995 and applied new techniques in 2006, where actors' physical movements are transferred to animated characters on the computer screen. Later, in movie theaters, Cameron showcased his final product in Real­D Cinema, the world's most popular digital 3­D projection system.

　　n a review, blogger Ben Patterson was blown_away by the overall presentation of Avatar. He said it was pretty much impossible to tell what was a digital effect and what was live action.

　　本文介绍了3­D电影的改革和发展过程。

　　17．________ could be the best title of this passage.

　　A. 3­D film Draws Eyes B. 3­D film at Disneyland

　　C. Avatar in Real­D cinema

　　D. Revolution and entertainment

　　答案：A。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要告诉我们3­D电影技术方面惊人的发展，故选A。

　　18．Filmmakers made 3­D film at the very beginning to ________.

　　A. attract rich customers in the entertainment market

　　B. maintain its dominant role in the entertainment field

　　C. provide new techniques to the younger generation

　　D. turn more TV viewers into cinema­goers

　　答案：D。 事实细节题。由首段内容可知，3­D电影制作的初衷是电影制片人为了把观众对电视的兴趣吸引到电影上。

　　19．The new technique of ________ was used in“Avatar” in the year of 2006.

　　A. bringing life­like animation to the large screen

　　B. showing moving computer graphics on the large screen

　　C. transferring actors' physical movements to animated characters

　　D. combining actors' gestures with animated characters' facial expressions

　　答案：C。事实细节题。由第3段第3句可知，在2006年，新的技术把演员的实际动作转变成了动画。由此可知答案。

　　20．The underlined phrase“blown away” in the last paragraph probably means

　　“________”．

　　A. greatly surprised B. extremely angry

　　C. completely defeated D. carried away by the strong wind

　　答案：A。推理判断题。由文章尾句可知，Ben Patterson认为3­D电影中的数码效果和真人演出很难分辨开，所以可推知他是感到吃惊的。