贵阳市2014高考英语(新人教版)一轮阅读训练(5)附答案
课时作业(五) [必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero](限时:45分钟)Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps 1 the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, 2 reading material and giving out 3 .The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and 4 what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture 5 notes which do not catch the main points and 6 become hard even for the 7 to understand.
Most institutions provide courses which 8 new students to develop the skills they need to be 9 listeners and note-takers. 10 these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which 11 learners to practice these skills 12 .In all cases it is important to 13 the problem 14 actually starting your studies.
It is important to 15 that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills 16 in college study. One way of 17 these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the 18 year. Another basic 19 is to find a study partner 20 it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.
1. A. extending B. illustrating C. performing D. conducting
2. A. attributing B. contributing C. distributing D. explaining
3. A. assignments B. information C. content
D. definition
4. A. suspects B. understands C. wonders D. convinces
5. A. without B. with C. on D. except
6. A. what B. those C. as D. which
7. A. teachers B. classmates C. partners D. students
8. A. prevent B. require C. assist D. forbid
9. A. effective B. passive C. relative D. expressive
10. A. Because B. Though C. Whether D. If
11 .A. enable B. stimulate C. advocate D. prevent
12. A. independently B. repeatedly C. logically D. generally
13. A. evaluate B. acquaint C. tackle D. formulate
14. A. before B. after C. while D. for
15. A. predict B. acknowledge C. argue D. ignore
16. A. to require B. required C. requiring D. are required
17 .A. preventing B. withstanding C. sustaining D. overcoming
18. A. average B. ordinary C. normal D. academic
19. A. statement B. strategy C. situation D. suggestion
20. A. in that B. for which C. with whom D. such as
答案与解析
1. B
将第1,2,3题通盘考虑。此处意为“老师会花一两个小时用幻灯来解释讲课的内容,写出一些重要的信息,散发一些阅读材料,布置作业”。illustrate用图解说明,举例说明。
2. C
参考第1题答案。attribute把……的原因归为……;contribute有助于,贡献;distribute分发,散发,与下文的give out同义。
3. A
assignments作业,任务。
4. C
新生发现别的学生一直在记笔记,他们不知道该记些什么,所以用wonders。而suspects(怀疑);understands (理解,明白);convinces(让人相信)与题意不符。
5. B
with结构在此表示伴随的结果,说明学生听完讲座却记了一些抓不住重点的笔记。
6. D
这里是一个并列句,并列的两个部分是which do not catch the main points and which become hard even for the students to understand.
7. D
此句意为:学生记下的笔记连自己也无法明白。
8. C
鉴于上述情况,许多学校开设课程以帮助新生
培养记笔记的能力,成为一名真正有效率的听众。assist帮助,援助。
9. A
参考第8题答案。effective有效的;passive被动的;relative相对的;expressive表现的,富于表情的。
10. D
此处的意思是:如果这些课程不可行的话,还会有许多行之有效的学习技巧的指导,这些指导使学生们能够独立地锻炼这些学习技巧,在此If表示假设条件。
11. A
enable sb.to do sth使人能够干什么;stimulate激发,刺激;advocate提倡,倡导;prevent阻止。
12. A
independently独立地;repeatedly再三,重复地;logically合乎逻辑地;generally大体上,一般地。
13. C
此句意为“通常学生在开始学习之前就应该解决这种听课技能的问题”,此处C.to tackle problem意为“解决问题”。evaluate估计,评估;acquaint使认识,了解;formulate用公式表示,系统地阐述或提出。
14. A
参考13题。
15. B
这里的意思是“承认大多数学生在获取语言技能方面有困难,这是很重要的。因为只有承认这种困难才能提出克服困难的方法”。所以选B.acknowledge承认,认可。
predict预测;argue争论,论证;ignore忽略,忽视。
16. B
过去分词做定语。
17. D
克服困难用overcome difficulty。不用preventing阻止,阻碍;withstand经受住,抵抗;sustain支撑,经受。
18. D
本题涉及学年的表达方法。
19. B
此句意为:另一种基本的方案或策略是寻找一个学习的伙伴。strategy策略,方案。
20. C
本题测试介词与关系代词的用法,with whom表示与同伴一起学习
阅读理解people would not test medicines on animals.Such experiments are stressful and sometimes painful for animals, and expensive and timeconsuming for people.Yet animal experimentation is still needed to help bridge vast gaps in medical knowledge.That is why there are some 50 to 100 million animals used in research around the world each year.
Europe, on the whole, has the world's most restrictive laws on animal experiments. Even so, its scientists use some 12 million animals a year, most of them mice and rats, for medical research.Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year.But that is misleading.The American authorities do not think mice and rats are worth counting and, as these are the most common laboratory animals, the true figure is much higher.Japan and China have even less comprehensive data than America.
Now Europe is reforming the rules governing animal experiments by restricting the number of animals used in labs.Alternatives to animal testing, such as using human tissue or computer models, are now strongly recommended.In addition, sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use.At present, scientists often share only the results of successful experiments.If their findings do not fit the hypothesis being tested, the work never sees the light of day.This practice means wasting time, money, and animals' lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments.
Animal experimentation has taught humanity a great deal and saved countless lives.It needs to continue, even if that means animals sometimes suffer.Europe' s new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is conducted.
16.What is the main idea of this passage?
A.The success of animal experiments should be ensured.
B.Ban on the use of animals in the lab should be enforced.
C.Greater efforts need to be taken to reduce the number of lab animals.
D.Scientists should be required to share their research results with each other.
17.Which of the following statements is true about animals used in the lab?
A.America uses only about 1.1 million lab animals per year.
B.Europe does not use mice and rats as lab animals at all.
C.Britain does not use as many lab animals as China does.
D.Japan has limited data on the number of lab animals used each year.
18.Which of the following is mentioned as an alternative to replace animal experiments?
A.Statistical studies.
B.Computer models.
C.DNA planted in animals.
D.Tissue from dead animals.
19.What usually happens to unsuccessful animal experiments?
A.They are not revealed to the public.
B.They are made into teaching materials.
C.They are collected for future publication.
D.They are not removed from the research topic list.
B
Today we will explain a very old saying that has had a big influence on rockandroll music. That saying is “A rolling stone gathers no moss”.It has several meanings. One meaning is that a person who never settles down in one place will not be successful. Another is that someone who is always moving, with no roots in one place, avoids responsibilities.
This proverb was said to be first used in the 1500s. But in the 1960s, the expression “rolling stone” became famous in the world of rockandroll music. It became the name of a song, a rock group and a magazine.
Experts say it all started with a song by the American singer and guitarist Muddy Waters. He was one of the country's top blues musicians until his death in 1983. His music influenced singers like Elvis Presley and Bob Dylan. In 1950, Muddy Waters recorded a song called “Rolling Stone”.roll band”.Bob Dylan released his song “Like a Rolling Stone”.It is one of his best known and most influential works.,“with no direction home, like a complete unknown, like a rolling stone”.a young man named Jann Wenner started a magazine and he named it “Rolling Stone”.The magazine reported on rock music and the popular culture that the music created. By 1971,“Rolling Stone” had become the leading rock music and counterculture publication. It is still popular today.
20.Which person can be described as a rolling stone according to the proverb?
A.A person who always changes his jobs.
B.A person who has a successful career.
C.A person who has no family.
D.A person who is out of work.
21.All of them are musicians except ________.Wenner
22.Who first used “rolling stone” as a name for music?
A.Jann Wenner.
B.Bob Dylan.
C.Elvis Presley.
D.Muddy Waters.
Ⅲ.书面表达最近我校举办了一次英语书法比赛。大部分同学们积极参与,但少数同学书写不好,也不愿改善。请你根据以下提示,给《二十一世纪报》写一篇短文,分析该现象产生的原因并发表自己的看法。
现象
一些学生不善书写,也不愿改善书写
原因 1.功课太忙,没时间练字;练字见效慢,很难练好。
你的看法 ……注意:词数120左右;开头已给出,不计入总词数。…
________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案
课时作业(五)用动物进行试验被人们的舆论推向了风口浪尖,然而,受诸多因素的影响,终止动物实验的道路依然任重而道远。尽管欧洲有严格的法律限制,但是仍然需要另找突破口。 主旨大意题。文章C项最能概括文章大意。 正误判断题。第二段的最后一句提到日本和中国与美国的数据相比甚至更不全面,由此可推知日本对每年用于实验室动物的数据记录有限。 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的内容可知可用“人 推理判断题。根据第三段中的倒数第二、第三句可知,科学家们只分享成功的试验,如果结果与假设不符,所做的工作将不公开。由此可推断不成功的试验不会展示给公众。本文讲述的是谚语A rolling stone gathers no moss.“滚石不生苔,改行不攒财”对滚石音乐的影响以及《滚石》杂志的诞生。 推理判断题。从第一段的最后两句话可A项指的是经常换工作的人,符合题意。 细节理解题。根据第三段可知Elvis Presley,Bob Dylan和Muddy Waters都是音乐家;根据最后一段可知Jann Wenner是开办杂志《滚石》的人。故选D。 细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“Experts say it all started with a song by the American singer and guitarist Muddy Waters.”可知,rolling stone作为音乐的名字最早是被Muddy Waters使用的。:we held an English Handwriting Competition. Many students took an active part in the activity.
However, some students who are poor at handwriting don't want to improve their handwriting. The reasons are as follows:they think that there is no need to waste time improving their handwriting because they can just use a computer. On the other hand, they believe that they are too busy with their studies to find time to practice. Besides, practicing handwriting is so difficult that they can't make great progress in a short time.
In my view, students' beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial to themselves. What's more, good handwriting is always appreciated by people, especially by teachers. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on this aspect in future.
一、导语 What does beauty really mean? Everybody has own definition. The standard of beauty changes with different society, culture and nations. Some hold the point that the beautiful appearance is of great importance, which is visible to all. Others have the idea that the spiritual beauty is the loveliest one, which lasts long. However different it might be, their opinions are all acceptable. 什么是美呢?每个人都有自己的定义。美的标准因社会、文化和国度不同而产生差异。有的人认为相貌上的美是最重要、最直观的美,有的人则认为心灵上的美才是最可爱、最长久的美。无论哪种美,这些对美的定义都是有道理的。 二、创设情境 以“What is beauty in your mind”为主题,发表自己的看法,题目自拟。要求:1. 行文流畅,观点鲜明;2. 内容丰富,层次分明;3. 词数150左右。
三、学生习作
Beauty will buy no beef Everyone admires beauty. Nowadays some people tend to think that they own beauty if they have a good looking. They are not satisfied with their appearance. They spend much money taking a kind of operation. Can beauty really be man-made?If so, everybody can get beauty. As a result,there is no beauty at all. The appearance is given by our parents and is unique in the world. Everyone should value it. I’d ①rather prefer nature as the standard of beauty. Just accept yourself, accept everything the god gives to you,and create the beautiful life ②belong to you. Many heroes don’t have beautiful surface. However,their beautiful images often come to our minds. Their beauty comes from their contributions to the society. Don’t be eager to judge whether a person is beautiful or not without a thorough understanding of him. A beautiful person is not the one with a good looking,but with a broad and kind heart. Good looking is pleasant while spiritual beauty is more important. As an old saying goes,“Virtue is fairer than beauty.”If you have a kind heart,you own real beauty. 【点评】 本文以谚语“漂亮不能当饭吃”为题,直截了当地亮出了自己的观点。全文以“美德胜于美貌”为主线,阐述了“追求外形的美而放弃了内在的美不是真正的美”。文章观点鲜明,结构严谨,用词恰当,作者能运用谚语来强化自己的观点,有较强的英语语言组织能力和表达能力。 本文有两处语言错误:① I’d rather prefer应改为 I’d prefer。would rather表示“宁愿”,prefer也是“宁愿”的意思,两者不能连用在一起。② belong to 改为belonging to,在此处作定语。
阅读理解More women are graduating from colleges than men.The situation is causing some people to worry about the future.The trend could cause social problems,according to a report on July 8 by the Washington Post.
Women received about 57 percent of the bachelor’s degrees awarded this year from colleges and universities in the United States.The figure of 57 percent has been the highest since World War Ⅱ ended in 1945.During the war,many men were in the military.
The gap between men and women is greater among African Americans and Hispanics.Two AfricanAmerican women receive a degree for every AfricanAmerican man.Only 40 percent of Hispanics who get a degree are males.
The USA Department of Education estimates 698,000 females received bachelor’s degree this year.The number of male graduates was 529,000.The trend toward more female graduates began in the mid1980s.Nobody seems to know why.However,many theories exist.
Researchers say the trend could lead to social problems.They also say this may indicate two things.It may reflect the increasing success of women.But it also may show the educational problems affecting men.
High school graduation rates are slightly lower for men than for women.Males also make up the vast majority of students in special education classes.
The Business Roundtable is studying the trend.The group is an organization of chief executives of some of the nation’s largest corporations.Susan Traiman is the director of the group’s education policy.Traiman said the nation couldn’t afford to let half its population fail to develop skills needed for the future.
16.Some people worry about the future because ________.
A.there are many social problems in America
B.more and more men don’t like the life in college
C.more AfricanAmerican women receive a degree
D.fewer and fewer men receive a degree than women in America
17.Which one of the following statements is right according to this passage?
A.There must be something wrong with the education system.
B.40% of the Hispanics get a degree in America.
C.Nobody knows the reason why more women get a degree than men.
D.More than half of the men received bachelor’s degrees this year.
18.The underlined word “estimates” in the fourth paragraph means________.
A.guessesB.explains
C.introducesD.discovers
19.What Susan Traiman said means that________.
A.the nation should prevent the women from receiving further education
B.the nation would be too poor to develop its education
C.the nation didn’t have enough money for women’s further education
D.the nation should encourage men to develop skills for the future
20.What is the main subject discussed in the text?
A.Women are more successful in America than men.
B.More women than men are graduating from college.
C.Men are more successful in America than women.
D.There are two kinds of social problems in America.
Ⅲ.书面表达
目前,学校存在少数学生考试作弊的现象。某英文杂志社拟对此现象向中学生征文,标题为“My Opinion on Cheating in Examinations”。
请根据下列提示用英语写一篇征文稿。
作弊的
主要原因 考试偏多、偏难
不用功,懒惰
取悦父母、老师
个人看法 作弊不对,违反校规
要诚实,努力学习
……
注意:1.短文必须包括所有内容要点,可适当发挥;
2.短文标题与开头已写好,但不计入总词数;
3.词数100左右。
My Opinion on Cheating in Examinations
Nowadays more and more students are found to cheat in the exams.____________________
________________________________________________________________________
16.D
17.C
18.A
19.D
20.B
参考范文
To begin with, with endless examinations flooding in, some students may have difficulty working them out.Also, some students are too lazy to focus their attention on their studies.Besides, others cheat for high scores to please their parents and teachers.
Personally,I think it is wrong to cheat in the exams,for one thing,it goes against the rules of schools; for another,it’ll result in the crisis of one’s honesty.Therefore, we should devote ourselves to study and try to make progress with our own efforts.