课时作业(二十) [必修4 Unit 5 Theme parks] (限时：45分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空，I think this is probably his________B．wellknown
C．bestknown
D．mostknown
2．To their ________，their team won the match unexpectedly.，women are in the________ no reason why you shouldn't tell them________that you are leaving.
A．in order
B．in secret
C．in conflict
D．in advance
5．John worked hard at his lessons and gained________to a famous university last year.
A．permission
B．admission
C．agreement
D．freedom
6．Niagara Fall is a great tourist________，drawing millions of visitors every year.B．attraction
C．appointment
D．arrangement
7．He is famous both________a novelist and poet but he is more famous________his novels.
A．for; as
B．with; forfor
D．like; asmore and more citizens are suggesting ways to ________ the historically important architecture.
A．decorate
B．develop________the activity________public awareness of world hunger，but raised a lot of money for the poor children.has increased
B．is; increasedincreased
D．/; increased，because every person's fingerprints are ．regular
C．ordinary
D．unique
11．You shouldn't stay at your office all day；________ with
D．getting together with________ restaurant has a free table.
A．whichever
B．wherever
C．which
D．what
13．________by the beauty of nature，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.dvanced equipment, new facts about the ancient pyramids in Egypt have recently ________．
A．brought to light
B．made known
C．come to an end
D．come to light
15．—John is said to have learned Italian in Italy for five years.
—________ he speaks it like a native speaker.
A．No doubt
B．No problem
C．No wonder
D．No reason
Ⅱ.阅读理解[2012·福建卷] others that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying. But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes, accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairytales(童话)．
The first envelope was sent to a victim support group. It contained 10，000 with a cutting from the raunschweiger Zeitung about how the group supported a woman who was robbed of her handbag; similar plain white anonymous(匿名) envelopes, each containing 10，000, then arrived at a kindergarten and a church.and so far at least 190，000 has been distributed. Last month, one of them was sent to the newspaper's own office. It came after a story it published about Tom, a 14yearold boy who was severely disabled in a swimming accident. The receptionist at the 500 inside, with a copy of the article.The name of the family was underlined.
“I was driving when I heard the news，”Claudia Neumann, the boy's mother, told r Spiegel magazine.“I had to park on the side of the road; I was speechless.”
The money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchairaccessible and for a course of treatment that their insurance company refused to pay for.
“For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing，” Mrs Neumann said. Her family wonder whether the donator is a Robin Hood character, taking from banks to give to the needy.the editor of the Braunschweiger Zeitung, said：“Maybe it is an old person who is about to die. We just do not know.”However, he has told his reporters not to look for the city's hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.weiger Zeitung is the name of ________．190，000.________．the new year's just begun and already you're finding it hard to keep those resolutions to junk the junk food，get off the couch or kick smoking. There's a biological reason why a lot of our bad habits are so hard to break—they get deeprooted in our brains.
That's not an excuse to give up. Understanding how unhealthy behaviors become deeprooted has scientists learning some tricks that may help good habits replace the bad.“Why are bad habits stronger? You're fighting against the power of an immediate reward. We all as creatures give greater value to an immediate reward than something that's delayed，” says Dr Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Just how that bit of happiness turns into a habit involves a pleasuresensing chemical named dopamine(多巴胺). It trains the brain to want that reward again and again—increasing the connection each time—especially when it gets the right cue(暗示) from your environment.thus destroying attempts to get rid of bad habits. Even scientists who recognize it find it hard to resist.“I don't like popcorn. But every time I go to the cinema, I have to eat it，” Volkow says.“It's fascinating.”nection, as some companies offer employees immediate payments for adopting better habits. However paying for behavior turns out, researchers say there are some steps that may help counter your brain's hold on bad habits: repeat，repeat，repeat the new behavior—the same routine at the same time of day. Determined to exercise？Doing it at the same time of the morning makes the brain recognize the habit eventually. If you don't do it, you feel awful. Exercise itself raises dopamine levels, so eventually your brain will get a feelgood hit even if your muscles protest. Reward yourself with something you really desire, Volkow stresses. You exercised all week? Stuck to your diet? Buy a book, a great pair of jeans, or try a fancy restaurant.
20．What's the subjective reason for being hard to break bad behaviors?
A．Some behaviors get deeprooted in our brains.
B．We prefer an immediate reward.
C．We value delayed gifts.
D．We are all creatures of nature.
21．What does the underlined word “connection” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Pleasure and behavior.
B．Brain and reward. D．Cue and environment.erred that the higher the dopamine level is，________rd
23．Why does Volkow eat popcorn even though he doesn't like it?
A．Because he recognizes the importance of him.
B．Because it is needed for normal growth of the body.
C．Because he can't resist the temptation of it.
D．Because it makes him relaxed to eat popcorn while seeing films.
Ⅲ.开放作文请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
课时作业(二十) 句意：谈到他所创作的所有歌曲，这很可能是他最著名的一首了。根据句意，此题应选用最高级形式。 考查固定结构。to one's amusement/surprise/disappointment…“令人高兴的是/吃惊的是/失望的是……”。句意：让他们高兴的是，他们的队意外地赢得了比赛。 考查短语搭配。in the minority占少数；少数派；in the majority占多数；多数派。句意：在他们公司里，只有不到百分之二十的员工是女性，也就是说，女性占少数。 考查介词短语。in order that目的是；in secret秘密地；私下地；in conflict with和……有冲突；in advance提前；事先。由句意“你没有什么理由不提前告诉他们你要走了”可知应选D项。 admission意为准许进入，admission to a university指被大学录permission许可；agreement同意；freedom自由，特权。 考查名词词义辨析。attention注意(力)；attraction吸引力；吸引游客的地方；appointment约会；任命；arrangement安排。句意：尼亚加拉大瀑布是一个著名的风景名胜，每年吸引几百万的游客。 考查介词搭配。be famous as…作为……而闻名；be famous for…以……而闻名。句意：他作为小说家和诗人而闻名，但更以其小说而闻名。应选C项。 考查动词辨析。preserve 保护。句意：尽管我市通过拆毁旧楼房迫不及待地改变它的面貌，但是越来越多的市民建议保护历史上的重要建筑。decorate 装饰；develop 开发； advocate 提倡。 当not only置于句首时，前一个分句要倒装，后一个分句不倒装。句意：这项活动不但提高了公众的世界饥荒意识，而且也为贫穷孩 句意：警察借助机器能轻易识别你的指纹，因为每个人的指纹都很独特(unique)。outstanding突出的，杰出的；regular有规律的；ordinary普通的。 句意：你不应该整天待在办公室里，接触下大自然对你的健康有益。get close to接近；get away from逃开，躲开；get along with与……相处，进展；get together with与……欢聚。根据题意A项。 答句句意：哪个饭店有空桌我们就在哪里吃饭。whichever引导的从句作介词at的宾语，whichever在句中作定语修饰restaurant。 考查非谓语动词。因为是被吸引，所以排除A；C表示目的，所以应排除；D表示状态也不正确。 考查动词短语辨析。come to light在这里是“显露，为人所知”。 B有一定干扰性，可以说been made known。句意：有了最先进设备的帮助，最近关于埃及古代金字塔的新事实显露出来了。 考查交际用语。no wonder难怪。no doubt 无疑；no reason 毫无理由；no problem 没问题。本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了城市英雄以匿名信的形式在经济上帮助需要帮助的人。 推理判断题。从第一段“But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes, accompanied by an article from the local paper”和第二段“with a cutting from the 可推出是当地一家报纸。 细节理解题。从倒数第二段Tom的妈妈所说的话可知答案。 推理判断题。从最后一段“…he has told his reporters not to look for the city's hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.”可知捐赠还会继续。 主旨大意题。本文介绍了城市英雄以匿名信的形式在经济上帮助需要帮助的人。这是一篇科普文。人们在新年到来时常常会下定某些决心，然而却发现很难坚持下去。科学家研究出了一些“技巧”，可以让好习20．B 细节理解题。此题应特别注意题干中the subjective reason(主观原因)。根据短文第二段中的“We all as creatures give greater value to an immediate reward than something that's delayed”可知，难以改掉坏习惯在主观上的原因是人们更看重即时的好处。A项有很大的干扰，文章第一段中提到：这些坏习惯根植于我们的大脑中，这是很难改掉坏习惯在生物学上的原因(客观 词义猜测题。根据语境：在快乐的感觉转化为一种习惯的过程中，一种感知快乐的化学物质多巴胺在起作用，它不断促使大脑期望得到这种犒赏，并不断加强快乐感与这种行为之间的联系。由此可知，connection指的是“快乐感与行为之间的联系”。 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，多巴胺是一种感知快乐的化学物质，它使大脑不断期望得到某种犒赏。最后一段中的“Exercise itself raises dopamine levels”能进一步证明，多巴胺的水平越高，人们就越想得到某种犒赏。C 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，人们往往高估自己抵制身边诱惑的能力，这使他们为摆脱坏习惯而作出的努力毁于一旦。Volkow就是因为抵抗不了这种诱惑才吃爆米花的。：preparing to pick fruit on the tree, while the other is struggling to reach the same height as the former. Hard as he may try, it seems that he can't get the fruit.
What the picture attempts to tell us is the equal opportunities for our middle school students. There are many students in middle schools who are recommended to universities without taking examinations because they have special talents. Actually, some students from farmers' families don't have the same chance to develop their talents. As a result, most recommended students are from urban families. Just like the student in the lower position, even if he makes every effort to keep up with the other one, he still can't reach the fruit. If the phenomenon keeps happening in our society, there will be confusion and conflicts among people.
To conclude, we should create opportunities to have more good students found by universities.