完全倒装
部分倒装 1.表地点或时间的副词位于句首 2.表地点的介词短语位于句首 3.There be结构 4.表语位于句首时 1.含否定意义的副词连词介短放句首 2.so， neither， nor表示 “ 也 ” 、 “ 也不 ”在句首 3.only 的状语结构放句首 4.as， though 引导的让步状语倒装 5.虚拟条件句中含were should had
6.so ..that..， such ..that..的句子结构 完全倒装是将整个谓语移至主语前面。
例如：Then comes the bus。
部分倒装是只将助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前。
例如：Never have I seen such a performance.学.科.网 完全倒装
部分倒装 1.表地点或时间的副词位于句首 2.表地点的介词短语位于句首 3.There be结构 4.表语位于句首时 1.含否定意义的副词连词介短放句首 2.so， neither， nor表示 “ 也 ” 、 “ 也不 ”在句首 3.only 的状语结构放句首 4.as， though 引导的让步状语倒装 5.虚拟条件句中含were should had
6.so ..that..， such ..that..的句子结构 一、完全倒装： 句子中的谓语动词全部位于主语之前，通常 只适用于一般现在时和一般过去时。 Here comes the bus.
Out rushed the children. 1、副词here、 there、 in、out、up 、down、
away、 back、 now、then、ahead等位于句首时，示意句子要全部倒装，谓语动词一般是be、 come 、 go、 follow、 run等表示位置移动的动词。
例句：
Here is your letter.
Ahead sat an old woman. Away went the boy. 他走开了。 她来了。 Away he went. There she comes. 注意：当主语为代词时，不用倒装结构。
Here they are. Out they went into the forest.学.科.网 注意:
A） 完全倒装只适用于一般现在时和一般过去时，不用进行时态。
B）上述全部倒装的主语必须是名词， 如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。学.科.网 一只小狗坐在房间外。 A little dog sits outside the room.
Outside the room sits a little dog.
2)表示地点的介词短语做状语位于句首时，全部倒装。 In a lecture hall of a university sits a professor.学.科.网 3)There be结构。另外，在此结构中可用用来代替be动词的动词有exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。学.科.网
There is one book, two oranges in the desk. There exist 1833 watchtowers in Kaiping.
4)表语置于句首时，为了使上下文紧密衔接,常把表语放在句首,倒装结构为：表语＋连系动词＋主语（理解即可） 出席晚会的有黄先生，张小姐和其他的宾客。 Mr.H, Miss Zh and other guests are present at the party.
Present at the party are Mr.H, Miss H and other guests.
1.
--Let's hurry. Listen! There________.
---Oh，yes. Has the teacher come yet?
---Look! Here________.
A
the bell goes， is he coming
B
goes the bell， he comes
C
the bell is going， he is coming
D
goes the bell， comes he
2、Just in front of our house ____ with a history of 1000 years.
A. does a tall tree stand
B. stands a tall tree. C. a tall tree is standing
D. a tall tree stands
3. At the foot of the mountain __________.
A. a village lies
B. lies a village
C. does a village lie
D. lying a village 二、部分倒装：
指将谓语的一部分（如助动词、系动词或情态动词）倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词等，则需添加助动词 do、does 或 did ，并将其置于主语之前。
Never have I seen such a performance.
Only then did he know the importance of knowledge.
（一）具有否定意义的副词放句首：
not， never， seldom， hardly， rarely， little， scarely， few…
例句：
1）Never have I seen such a performance.
2）Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 含有否定意义的连词放句首:
not until... ，not only…but also..， no sooner…than..，scarely.. than..,
hardly.. when..，一…就… ， neither.. nor…. 注意：
1） not until 引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
Not until my wife came back did I go to bed.
2） not only…but also..，no sooner…than..，scarely.. than..， hardly.. when.. 前倒后不倒。
3）neither...nor..两部分都倒装。 含有否定意义的介词放句首：
by no means决不，
in no time立刻，
in no case，on no account，
under no circumstances任何情况都不...
典型例题
——Why can‘t I smoke here?
——At no time___ in the meeting-room.
A. is smoking permitted
B. smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted
D. does smoking permitted
典型例题
1）I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life___ so happy!(2000，spring)
A. did I feel
B. I feel
C. I had felt
D. had I felt
2）The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once __with each other.(2003)
A. they had quarreled
B. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled
D. had they quarreled
3）Not until all the fish died in the river __
how serious pollution was. (05)
A. did the villagers realize
B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize
D. didn’t the villagers realize 4）Not only __ interested in football but__ beginning to show an interest in it. A. the teacher himself is， all his students are B. the teacher himself is， are all his students C. is the teacher himself， are all his students D. is the teacher himself， all his students are
5） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
A. man did know
B. man know
C. didn't man know
D. did man know
6）No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began
B. has the game begun
C. did the game begin
D. had the game begun
7） Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I realize
B. did I realize
C. I didn't realize
D. I realize
（二）so， neither， nor 作部分倒装
表示 “ 也 ” 、 “ 也不 ” 的句子要部分倒装。
例句：
1)
Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 2)
If you won't go， neither will I.
典型例题 ---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? ---I don't know， _____. A. nor don't I care
B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neither
D. I don't care also 注意：
当 so 引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，意为 “ 的确如此 ” ，不可用倒装结构。 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. ---It's raining hard. ---So it is. （三）only 在句首要倒装的情况
-- Only in this way can you learn English well. -- Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装 。 -- Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.
（四）as， though 引导的倒装句
as / though 引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词 、 副词 、分词 、 实义动词提前）。
Young as he is, he knows a lot.
Hard as he works, he is not good at maths.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Try as he might, he might fail again.
(主谓不倒装，只须把表语提到as前，且作表语的单数名词提到主语前时不带冠词。) （五）虚拟条件句的倒装
虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有 were， should， 或 had， 可将 if 省略，再把 were， should 或 had 移到从句句首，实行倒装 。 ---Were they here now，they could help us.
=If they were here now， they could help us.
----Had you come earlier，you would have met him
=If you had come earlier， you would have met him.
---Should it rain，the crops would be saved.
=Were it to rain，the crops would be saved.
注意 : 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词 ‘be’ 的过去时态一律用 “were” ，不用 was 。 --- If I were you， I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。 --- If he were here， everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。
（六）so ..that..， such ..that..的句子结构中，若so，such 和与其所修饰的词置于句首，实行部分倒装。
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.
So difficult____it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.(2001)
A. I have felt
B. have I felt
C. I did feel
D. did I feel 典型例题
1. ---You forget your purse when you went out. ---Good heavens，_______.(2002)
A . so did I
B . so I did
C . I did so
D. I so did
2. ---David has made great progress recently. ---_______， and________.(1997) A. So he has， so you have
B. So he has， so have you C. So has he， so have you
D. So has he， so you have 典型例题
3. --
____can you expect to get a pay rise. (2001) A. With hard work
B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard 4.-- Only in this way__to make improvement in the operating system.(2003) A. you can hope
B. you did more
C. can you hope
D. did you hope 典型例题
5. --- ______，he knows a lot of things. A. The child as he is
B.
Child as he is
C. A child as he is
D.
Child he as is 6. --- _____，I have never seen anyone who's as capable (有能力）as John.(2001) A. As long as I have traveled
B. Now that I have traveled C. Much as I have traveled
D. As I have travled so much
典型例题
6. --- _____ to do the work， I should do it some other day. A. If were I
B. I were
C. Were I
D. Was I
7.
--- ___it rain tomorrow， we would have put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
(04) A. Were
B. Should C. Would D. Will 8. --- ____ for the tree tickets，I would not have gone to the film so often.
(05sh) A. If it is not
B. Were it not
C. Had not it been
D. If they were not
9．It was
back home after the experiment . A．not until midnight did he go
B．until midnight that he didn’t go
C．not until midnight that he went
D．until midnight when he didn’t go
10. _____ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research． A. So curious the couple was
B. So curious were the couple C. How curious the couple were
D. The couple was such curious