Amazing people 课时跟踪检测B卷
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2015·扬州高三调研)
Dont hide criticism
“Politeness is another word for deception.”This is the view of James W．Pennebaker，chair of the psychology department at the University of Texas at Austin, US.He was quoted in a recent Wall Street Journal article about a speech __1__many of us share —“verbal teeups”．
What are verbal teeups? They are like a cushion to __2__the blow when one wants to __3__bad or unpleasant news.For example, have you ever been told by your friend：“I am telling you this because I love you, but you really need to lose weight.”Or by your colleague：“No __4__，but to be honest, I think your presentation __5__the point.”
A Slate article gives a few examples of other verbal teeups.You can __6__yourself from your unpleasant words by starting it with“Please understand ...”You can even try to manage your listener’s __7__：“Dont take this the wrong way，but...”or “Dont get mad, but ...”
Some verbal teeups are simply __8__.For example, “I’m not saying ...” or “I don’t mean to say ...” Such as，“I am not saying we should stop seeing each other, but I need some space to think about our __9__.”
For the speakers，verbal teeups are used to make it easier to say something __10__. They sound __11__ and polite.But Pennebaker，who __12__ these phrases，says in many cases, “The point of these phrases is to formalize social relations so you dont have to __13__ your true self.”
Elizabeth Bernstein, who wrote the Wall Street Journal article, says these sayings so frequently __14__ untruth that they can be confusing, even when used in a neutral context, “They often lead to a __15__ in personal communications because listeners __16__ to take those types of statements in a negative light，” she says.
To __17__ the damage of verbal teeups, we need to be more aware of what we are going to say. If you are feeling a need to use them a lot, then perhaps you should __18__ the possibility that you are saying too many unpleasant things to other people.For example，“To be perfectly honest ...”often comes before __19__ comments.If you are taking the trouble to __20__ your honesty now, maybe you aren’t always truthful.
1．A.method B．habit
C．system
D．benefit
2．A.soften
B．strengthen
C．harden
D．deepen
3．A.transfer
B．express
C．deliver
D．explain
4．A.offense
B．wonder
C．comment
D．rush
5．A.grasped
B．changed
C．missed
D．mistook
6．A.disable
B．discover
C．discourage
D．distance
7．A.reflection
B．reaction
C．satisfaction
D．action
8．A.excuses
B．truth
C．requests
D．dishonesty
9．A.relationship
B．business
C．decision
D．cooperation
10．A.difficult
B．scary
C．complex
D．confusing
11．A.anxious
B．formal
C．official
D．important
12．A.stresses
B．promotes
C．studies
D．advocates
13．A.prove
B．hide
C．consider
D．reveal
14．A.equal
B．signal
C．discover
D．challenge
15．A.breakthrough
B．breakout
C．breakup
D．breakdown
16．A.attempt
B．prefer
C．refuse
D．tend
17．A.fix
B．rid
C．reduce
D．manage
18．A.deny
B．consider
C．confirm
D．resist
19．A.positive
B．objective
C．negative
D．subjective
20．A.announce
B．support
C．change
D．represent
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2015·宿迁高三调研)MONTAGNE：In the summer of 2011, the world first heard of a small island in Norway under the most terrible of circumstances.Utoya Island was a youth camp run by Norway’s Labor Party. One day in July, a heavily armed, rightwing extremist stepped onto the island and began shooting at random. Sixtynine people died, over 100 were wounded；almost all, young people.This month, artist Jonas Dahlberg was appointed to create a memorial.He described to us the experience he imagines for those who come to the island.
DAHLBERG：You start your walk through a forest of evergreens on a wooden pathway. After a while, this pathway starts to go down into the landscape.
MONTAGNE：Down into the landscape，and into a short tunnel.When you come out, you are unable to go any farther.You cant get to the top of the island because it has been cut off.So all you can do is look across a narrow channel of water at what is now a wall of polished stone, carved with the names of the dead.
DAHLBERG：It becomes almost like a gravestone. You cannot reach it. It’s close enough to be able to read, but it’s forever lost for your possibility to reach.
MONTAGNE: It’s being called a_memory_wound. Exactly what do you mean by that?
DAHLBERG：During my first site visit, the experience of seeing those gunshots－and you can see it was like being in an open wound. And it took me to a stage of deep sadness where it was hard to breathe. So I didn’t want to illustrate loss; I wanted to make actual loss. It’s just a cut through the island.
MONTAGNE：On the day of the massacre, just hours before launching his shooting on the island，the killer set off a bomb in downtown Oslo，leaving eight people dead.As those events were unfolding，artist Jonas Dahlberg had been out with his brother, and stopped in at a seaside village.
DAHLBERG: In the harbor, it was silent, and this is the higher end of summer.
So, it?s normally a very lively place.
And it was total silence there; and it was a very, very strange feeling in the whole small village. And it?s totally impossible to grasp what is going on. And then it just kept on. It?s still almost impossible to understand it. It?s also one of the reasons why it?s so important with memorials for these kind of things. It?s to maybe help a little bit to understand what was happening. So it?s not just about remembering. It?s also about trying to just understand.
MONTAGNE: Artist Jonas Dahlberg designed the memorial for the 69 who died at a youth camp on Utoya Island. The attack was the deadliest in Norway since World War Ⅱ. That memorial will open in 2015. And to see a virtual version of what it will look like, go to our website, at npr. org. This is Renee Montagne at NPR news.
1．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Utoya Island was the only bloody shooting spot planned by the killer.
B．Utoya Island used to be a youth camp site and now has been reduced to total silence.
C．Dahlberg and his brother witnessed the shooting on Utoya Island.
D．Visitors to Utoya Island can touch the names of the victims carved on the polished stone.
2．By the underlined phrase“a memory wound”，Dahlberg means all the following EXCEPT that ________.
A．the artist plans to slice through the end of an island to make actual loss
B．memorials are supposed to be not only about remembering but helping people to understand what was happening
C．this memorial shows the gunshots vividly to the visitors for them to understand what was happening
D．the space between is meant to symbolize how those who were killed are gone but are not forgotten
3．Which of the following pictures shows the design of the memorial?
Ⅲ.任务型阅读
(2015·江苏省扬州中学高三4月阶段测试)Imagine living in a country torn by war. Or maybe you live in a place where there are few jobs and little chance to earn a living. Your family decides to move — not to another town, but to another country. You and your family have become immigrants. People are called immigrants when they move to a foreign country to make their homes.
People become immigrants for many reasons. The most common one is economic opportunities. Most immigrants are attracted to other countries by the promise of jobs, farmland, or business opportunities.
Other people become immigrants in order to get away from mistreatment or natural disasters. They are refugees. Some refugees move to avoid wars and political unrest. Others are seeking freedom to express their religious views. Still others are uprooted by disasters, such as terrible flooding or drought.
Some people have become immigrants against their will. Captured in Africa, shipped to foreign lands and forced to work as slaves, many early African immigrants to North and South America came in chains.
Except for Native Americans, all people came to the United States from someplace else.
For nearly 500 years, immigrants have landed on America’s shores seeking a better life. Throughout American history, immigrants often worked lowpaying, dangerous jobs that other people refused to do.
Immigrants from around the world helped shape American life. Many immigrants absorbed the customs and language common to most Americans. They also brought their own traditions, including music and foods. Over time, many of these traditions have become part of American life.
The first European immigrants to America hoped to colonize new lands. By the mid1500s, Spaniards had ventured into Florida, California, and the American Southwest. French immigrants arrived in the early 1600s and built their first colony in Canada. The English also arrived in the early 1600s. They established 13 colonies along America’s Atlantic Coast.
In the 1700s, England became the major power in colonial North America. But many European immigrants came to live in the English colonies. They included people from Sweden, Holland, Germany, Scotland, and Ireland.
Immigrants still come to the United States seeking freedom and economic opportunities.
Most new immigrants no longer come from Europe. They come mainly from Central and South America, the Caribbean, and Asia.
Today, the US government limits the number of immigrants into the country each year.
People who sneak illegally into the United States are called illegal immigrants, who, if caught, would be sent back to their home countries.
Key Points Detailed Information
(1)________ Immigrants are those who move to a foreign country to make their homes.
Reasons ●Most people come for (2)________ opportunities, such as good jobs, farmlands, or business opportunities.
●Some move to the US to (3)________ away from wars or disasters.
●Some people immigrate to (4)________ for religious freedom.
●Some people have become immigrants (5)________， like many early African immigrants.
History ●French immigrants (6)________Canada in the early 1600s and built their first colony there.
●The English also came in the early 1600s and (7)
________thirteen colonies along America’s Atlantic Coast.
●In the 1700s, European immigrants came to live in the English colonies, people from Sweden, Holland and etc. are (8)________．Today ●(9) ________ from the past, the origins of most new immigrants are mainly Central and South America, the Caribbean, and Asia, instead of Europe.
●The US government erects dams to (10)________the number of immigrants into the country each year in check. Illegal immigrants, if caught, would be sent back to their home countries.
答案
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇研究报告。报告指出我们许多人习惯用一些“verbal teeups”来隐藏真实的批判。
1．选B A项意为“方法”；B项意为“习惯”；C项意为“系统”；D项意为“好处”。根据倒数第二段中的“these sayings so frequently ________ untruth that they can be confusing”可推知，说这些话已经成为了我们大部分人的习惯。故选B项。
2．选A 根据语境“like a cushion”可知，垫子的作用就是起到软化作用的。故选A项。
3．选C 根据下文“For example，have you ever been told by your friend”可知，此处表示“发表，宣布”的含义。故选C项。
4．选A 根据语境“Or by your colleague”和“but to be honest”可推知，此处表示不是有意冒犯。故选A项。
5．选C 根据上文“when one wants to ________ bad or unpleasant news”可推知，此处表示被同事告知自己的展示不切主题。故选C项。
6．选D 根据语境“unpleasant words”可知，人们都不想听到那些让人不舒服的话，D项符合语境。故选D项。
7．选B 根据语境可知，此处表示对方的反应。故选B项。
8．选D 根据下文的例子可以看出，这些话听起来很假，与下文“these sayings so frequently ________ untruth”相呼应。故选D项。
9．选A 根据语境“stop seeing each other”可推知，此处表示两人间的关系出了问题。故选A项。
10．选A 与语境“to make it easier”形成对比可知，此处表示难以说出口的事情，与上文“when one wants to ________ bad or unpleasant news”相呼应。故选A项。
11．选B 与语境“polite”呼应可知，此处表示正式而有礼貌。故选B项。
12．选C 根据文章第一段第一句可知，Pennebaker 是美国一所大学的心理学主任，是一个研究学者，并对此有所研究。故选C项。
13．选D 根据文章第一句可知，礼貌是欺骗的代名词，即不必暴露真实的自我。故选D项。
14．选B 语言是为了沟通、传递信息、接受信息并做出反应。故选B项。
15．选D 根据语境“to take those types of statements in a negative light”可推知，因为接收了对话中的负面信息从而使沟通出现障碍甚至失败，与下文“the damage of verbal teeups”相呼应。故选D项。
16．选D 根据语境可知，此处表示倾向于的含义。故选D项。
17．选C 根据语境“we need to be more aware of what we are going to say”可知，此处表示为了减少这些话语的破坏力。故选C项。
18．选B 根据语境“possibility”可推知，此处表示要考虑一下，与上文“we need to be more aware of what we are going to say”相呼应。故选B项。
19．选C 根据上文“you are saying too many unpleasant things to other people”可知，你正在想他人传递负面的评论。故选C项。
20．选A 与上文“comments”相呼应可知，此处表示宣称。故选A项。
Ⅱ.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。为悼念遭遇极端分子杀害的小岛居民，艺术家在小岛上设计了纪念造型：分开小岛，在岛的岩壁上刻上遇难者的姓名。
1．选B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句及倒数第二段第三句中的“And it was total silence there”可知，Utoya 岛曾经是年轻人的宿营地，现在却是一片死寂。故B项正确。
2．选C 细节理解题。根据第六段最后两句可知，这位艺术家计划通过开山来表现实际损失，故A项符合文意；根据倒数第二段最后三句可知，B项符合文意；根据第三段最后一句“So all...carved with the names of the dead.”以及第四段可知，D项符合文意；文中未提及C项中的“this memorial shows the gunshots vividly to the visitors”。故选C项。
3．选A 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，小岛被分开，壁上有受难者的姓名。故A项正确。
Ⅲ.1. Definition 2. economic 3.stay/keep 4.search/seek 5.passively/unwillingly 6.reached 7.established/founded 8.included 9.Different 10.limit