美国时间2009年1月20日,奥巴马在全球瞩目中宣誓就职。但是,笔者注意到,我国一些媒体仍然把其当选总统之前的职务说错了,如央视资讯频道1月21日午间资讯报道就称呼其宣誓就职之前的身份为“美国当选总统、伊利诺伊州前参议员”。在奥巴马竞选总统期间,我国不少媒体也经常称其为“伊利诺伊州参议员”。
其实,这里的“伊利诺伊州参议员”实乃一个常识错误,因为奥巴马在当选美国总统之前的真正身份是代表伊利诺伊州的美国国会参议员,并非伊利诺伊州参议员,两者绝不可混为一谈。打一个形象的比方,“伊利诺伊州参议员”就是我国的省人大代表,而国会参议员则相当于我国的全国人大代表,如此一说,其中的不同就显而易见了。通过有关资料搜索,我们也不难发现,奥巴马在1997年至2004年之间担任的职务就是“伊利诺伊州参议员”,而在2004年的大选年,他代表该州当选为联邦参议员并在次年1月3日走马上任,担任通常所说的美国国会参议员。2008年奥巴马出马竞选总统之前,美国国会网站对奥巴马的介绍如下:
OBAMA, Barack, (1961 - )
Senate Years of Service: 2005-
Party: Democrat
OBAMA, Barack, a Senator from Illinois; born in Honolulu, Hawaii, August 4, 1961; obtained early education in Jakarta, Indonesia, and Hawaii; continued education at Occidental College, Los Angeles, Calif.; received a B.A. in 1983 from Columbia University, New York City; worked as a community organizer in Chicago, Ill.; studied law at Harvard University, where he became the first African American president of the Harvard Law Review, and received J.D. in 1991; lecturer on constitutional law, University of Chicago; member, Illinois State senate 1997-2004; elected as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate in 2004 for term beginning January 3, 2005.
从上述介绍可以看出,奥巴马在1997年至2004年间的职务确实是伊利诺伊州的参议员
我国资讯媒体在报道中之所以出现这样的
1."This practice must be banned," said Rep. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, R-Fla., at the opening of the debate.
2.US President-elect Barack Obama announces that US Sen. Hillary Clinton (D-NY) will be his choice for US Secretary of State during a news conference in Chicago December 1, 2008.
上述例句中的R-Fla表明该国会众议员
为了表示与联邦议员的区分,美国媒体在提到州议员的时候通常会加上State一词,州参议员就称为State Senator,州众议员就是State Congressman (woman)。反之,如果是美国联邦国会议员,通常情况下是直接称呼为Senator和 Congressman (woman),有时候也会在前面加上US。如美联社的以下一篇资讯报道:
MEMPHIS, Tenn. - State Sen. John Ford testified in a juvenile court hearing that he keeps two homes, living with two different women whose children he fathered.这里的State Sen. 就是指田纳西州的参议员
至此,我们可以看出,奥巴马当选美国总统之前的职务
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