The world's best known living scientist, Stephen Hawking, was too ill to attend his 70th birthday celebrations on Sunday but in a recorded speech urged people to "look up at the stars" and be curious about the universe.
Hawking, the author of the international bestseller A Brief History of Time, was diagnosed with motor neuron disease in 1963 and told he had barely two years to live. He has since been hailed as one of the most brilliant theoretical physicists since Albert Einstein.
In the speech played at a symposium in his honor at Cambridge University, he said his excitement and enthusiasm for his subject drove him on, and urged others to seek out the same inspiration.
"Remember to look up at the stars, not down at your feet. Try to make sense of what you seeand wonder about what makes the universe exist. Be curious," Hawking said in the speech he had been due to give in person.
Hawking's plans to speak on Sunday at Cambridge, where as a PhD student he first became fascinated with cosmology and the state of the universe, were scrapped after his doctor advised him he was too ill to attend the event, officials said.
Hawking had recently been in hospital and was discharged on Friday.
Almost completely paralyzed by a form of motor neuron disease which attacks the nerves that control muscles and gradually stops them functioning, Hawking is wheelchair-bound and uses a computerized voice synthesizer to speak.
When as a bright and enthusiastic 21-year-old he was diagnosed with the disease, doctors told him he would probably not make it beyond the age of 23.
"At first I became depressed," Hawking said. "There didn't seem to be any point working on my PhD because I didn't know if I would live long enough to finish it."
Yet in the almost half a century since, Hawking has broken new frontiers research into theories of time, space, relativity and black holes. He is often hailed as a modern-day Einstein and his work has shed light on the origin of the cosmos, the nature of time, and the ultimate fate of the universe.
Currently the director of research at the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at Cambridge, Hawking also founded the university's Centre for Theoretical Cosmology and only recently retired from a post known as the Lucasian Professorship of Mathematics, a title once held by Isaac Newton.
Looking back on his life and work in the speech entitled "A Brief History of Mine", Hawking saidit had been a "glorious time" to be alive and be researching theoretical physics.
The 70-year-old urged fellow researchers and cosmology enthusiasts to encourage public interest in space and to keep going there to witness what he described as the "uninterrupted views of our vast and beautiful universe".