英语中的数词,形态万千,要真正掌握还真不是件容易的事。接着上一篇,学习一下数词在数学方面的运用。
一、表示编号
1. 单纯的表示编号,可在数字(用基数词表示)前加number,简写为No.。
如: No.1 No.65
2.用“名词+基数词”,“the +序数词+名词”,表示顺序意义。
如: Bus No.65 Room305
the Sixth Lesson或Lesson Six 第六课
二、表示倍数
1. 倍数+as +形容词/副词(原级)+ as。
两倍:twice 两倍以上:基数词+times
如:The classroom is twice as big as that one.这间教室是那间教室的两倍大。
He ate three times as many bananas as Mary.他吃的香蕉是玛丽吃的三倍。
2. 倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than。
如:This lion is four times bigger than that one. 这头狮子是那头狮子的四倍大。
3. 倍数+ the size/length/weight/width/height…+of+表示比较对象的名词。
如:This river is six times the depth of that one. 这条河是那条河的六倍深。
4. 倍数+what引导的从句。
如:The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago. 这条路的长度是三年前的 4 倍。
三、表示约数
1. 用”dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions+of”表示“几十、几百、上千、成千上万”等。
如:This mother bought dozens of eggs.那个妈妈买了几十个鸡蛋。
Thousands of people died in the earthquake.数以千计的人死于地震。
注意:
(A)dozen, score, hundred, thousand, million前面有数字时,表示实数意义,词尾不加s;如果词尾+s且+of+名词,为虚数。
如:three hundred people 三百个人 hundreds of people 数以百计的人
He ordered a dozen of their best red roses.他订购了12朵他们那儿最好的红玫瑰。
Bol says dozens of her relatives died in the violence.波尔说,她的亲属数十人死于暴力。
但score用法略有不同,与数词连用时,也加of。
如:two score of eggs (40个蛋)。
(B)但是,有时候我们会遇到单数形式的dozen, score, hundred, million等前面有数词,后面也有of,这个时候,of表示的是部分与整体的关系,后面一定跟着them, us等人称代词或者the, these, your等的限定词。
如:I want to buy three dozen of the eggs. (我想买其中的三打蛋。)
2. 用more than, beyond, or more, over, above 等来表示超过或多于某个数目。
用less than, under, below, almost, nearly, up to 等来表示小于或接近某数目。
如:nearly two hours 将近两个小时
more than 100 years 一百多年
under thirty years of age 小于三十岁
3. 用 about, around, some 等表示在某一数目左右。
如:about 50 pens大约五十支钢笔
四、表示分数
1. 遇到分数时,分数的分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示。
(当分子大于一时,分母的序数词要用复数。)
2. 分子与分母之间加in, 分子在前,分母在后,分子分母都用基数词。
如:one in ten 十分之一,five in eight八分之五。
3. 分子与分母之间加out of , 分子在前,分母在后,分子分母都用基数词。
如:five out of seven 七分之五 three out of ten 十分之三
五、表示百分数
在表达百分数时,用“基数词(或者小数)+percent(%)”percent用单数形式。
5% five percent 0.7% zero point seven percent
25% twenty-five percent 100% one hundred percent
注:如果想表达几分之几或百分之几十的人或物时,加of,作主语时,谓语动词的数与of后的名词数一致。
如:Twenty percent of the students are girls.百分之二十的学生是女孩。
Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.三分之二的钱都花在食物上。
六、表示小数
小数点前的数按基数词的读法读,小数点以后的数按一个一个的数字读,小数点用point。
如:0.7 zero(或nought)point seven
0.003 zero(或nought)point zero zero three
98.537 ninety-eight point five three seven
上一篇: 有个性名词之单复数相同的名词
下一篇: of的意义,名词所有格中你不知道的事
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