填空题的由前及后解法指的是:利用题目前一部分中的线索,推断出设置于题目后一部分中空格所需的内涵。
例 Ⅰ:
Though afflicted by headaches, nausea, and respiratory difficulties, Nietzche refused to let his ---------- problems prevent him from writing.
(A) imaginary
(B) financial
(C) emotional
(D) theoretical
(E) physical
〖解答〗
本题原是以Though引导的对立关系,但由于主句中的动词"refused"带有否定意义,故属对立关系的特殊解法。换言之,就逻辑关系而言,代入空格的词汇应与中心线索构成同义词。既然"problems"指的是上文中"difficulties"一词,则代入空格的词汇应能将上文中的三种病症一言以蔽之,以(E)physical为正确。
〖中译〗
尽管为头痛,恶心及呼吸困难所折磨,但尼采拒不允让其身体问题阻碍他的著述。
例 Ⅱ:
It is his dubious distinction to have proved what nobody would think of denying, that Romero at the age of sixty-four writes with all the characteristics of ---------- .
(A) maturity
(B) fiction
(C) inventiveness
(D) art
(E) brilliance
〖解答〗
先对本题颇为复杂的语法结构作一番诠释。句首的"It"谓作形式主语或逻辑主语,真正的主语由动词不定式"to have proved..."充当。以what引导的从句和以that引导的从句,其性质是一致的,同属动词proved的宾语从句,并互为说明。
第一个宾语从句的陈述是“一件谁也不会予以否认的事”,而第二个宾语从句一方面是在详述此事的具体内容,另一方面须体现出第一个宾语从句所规定的那样一个不证自明,不言而喻和自然而然的事实。无疑,一个作家,年至“六十四岁”高龄,这便意味着(A) maturity。
〖词汇〗
dubious: 令人怀疑的,有问题的,靠不住的
distinction: 殊勋,荣誉,著名
〖中译〗
某君得以证明一件谁也不会予以否认的事情,即罗梅洛年至六十四岁,其创作体现出成熟的全部特征。此君的这份功劳着实令人置疑。
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